Biochemical Reactivity of Melatonin with Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species: A Review of the Evidence

Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology.

Moncada, S., Palmer, R. M., & Higgs, E. A. (1991) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06663-3 · Cited by 15,525

Superoxide Dismutase

McCord, J. M., & Fridovich, I. (1969) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)63504-5 · Cited by 12,952

Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: Implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide

Beckman, J. S., Beckman, T. W., Chen, J., Marshall, P. A., & Freeman, B. A. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.4.1620 · Cited by 7,029

The L-Arginine-Nitric Oxide Pathway

Epstein, F. H., Moncada, S., & Higgs, A. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199312303292706 · Cited by 6,678

Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs.

Chance, B., Sies, H., & Boveris, A. (1979) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1979.59.3.527 · Cited by 5,827

Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants

Sies, H. (1997) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1997.sp004024 · Cited by 4,566

Tissue Destruction by Neutrophils

(1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198908033210513 · Cited by 3,631

Peroxynitrite oxidation of sulfhydryls.

Radi, R., Beckman, J. S., Bush, K. M., & Freeman, B. A. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(20)64313-7 · Cited by 2,490

Peroxynitrite-induced membrane lipid peroxidation: The cytotoxic potential of superoxide and nitric oxide

Radi, R., Beckman, J. S., Bush, K. M., & Freeman, B. A. (1991) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(91)90224-7 · Cited by 2,194

Pineal Melatonin: Cell Biology of Its Synthesis and of Its Physiological Interactions*

REITER, R. J. (1991) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-12-2-151 · Cited by 2,192

Strategies of antioxidant defense

SIES, H. (1993) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18025.x · Cited by 1,976

Melatonin : a potent, endogenous hydroxyl radical scavenger

Tan, D. (1993) · Endocrine Journal · Cited by 1,659

The chemistry of peroxynitrite: A product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide

Pryor, W. A., & Squadrito, G. L. (1995) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.1995.268.5.l699 · Cited by 1,511 · cited 1×

Free Radicals as Mediators of Tissue Injury and Disease

Kehrer, J. P. (1993) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.3109/10408449309104073 · Cited by 1,455

The Pineal and Its Hormones in the Control of Reproduction in Mammals*

REITER, R. J. (1980) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-1-2-109 · Cited by 1,250

DNA Deaminating Ability and Genotoxicity of Nitric Oxide and its Progenitors

Wink, D. A., Kasprzak, K. S., Maragos, C. M., Elespuru, R. K., Misra, M., Dunams, T. M., Cebula, T. A., Koch, W. H., Andrews, A. W., Allen, J. S., et al. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1948068 · Cited by 1,234

Free Radicals and Antioxidants: A Personal View

Halliwell, B. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1994.tb01453.x · Cited by 1,077

Vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids as antioxidants

Sies, H., & Stahl, W. (1995) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1315s · Cited by 1,075

Oxy-Radicals and Related Species: Their Formation, Lifetimes, and Reactions

Pryor, W. A. (1986) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.48.030186.003301 · Cited by 998

[23] Oxidative chemistry of peroxynitrite

Beckman, J. S., Chen, J., Ischiropoulos, H., & Crow, J. P. (1994) · Methods in Enzymology · doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(94)33026-3 · Cited by 973

Biomarkers of free radical damage

de Zwart, L. L., Meerman, J. H. N., Commandeur, J. N. M., & Vermeulen, N. P. E. (1999) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00196-8 · Cited by 838

Oxidative damage in the central nervous system: protection by melatonin

Reiter, R. J. (1998) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(98)00052-5 · Cited by 838

A review of the evidence supporting melatonin's role as an antioxidant

Reiter, R. J., Melchiorri, D., Sewerynek, E., Poeggeler, B., Barlow‐Walden, L., Chuang, J., Ortiz, G. G., & AcuñaCastroviejo, D. (1995) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1995.tb00133.x · Cited by 816

Melatonin: A peroxyl radical scavenger more effective than vitamin E

Pieri, C., Marra, M., Moroni, F., Recchioni, R., & Marcheselli, F. (1994) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)00666-0 · Cited by 735

Biological Roles of Nitric Oxide

Snyder, S. H., & Bredt, D. S. (1992) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0592-68 · Cited by 721

Spin trapping. Kinetics of the reaction of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals with nitrones

Finkelstein, E., Rosen, G. M., & Rauckman, E. J. (1980) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00535a029 · Cited by 660

Melatonin: The chemical expression of darkness

Reiter, R. J. (1991) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0303-7207(91)90087-9 · Cited by 632

Melatonin, hydroxyl radical‐mediated oxidative damage, and aging: A hypothesis

Poeggeler, B., Reiter, R. J., Tan, D., Chen, L., & Manchester, L. C. (1993) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1993.tb00498.x · Cited by 501

Pharmacological actions of melatonin in oxygen radical pathophysiology

Reiter, R., Tang, L., Garcia, J. J., & Muñoz-Hoyos, A. (1997) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00030-1 · Cited by 480

Melatonin directly scavenges hydrogen peroxide: a potentially new metabolic pathway of melatonin biotransformation

Tan, D.-X., Manchester, L. C., Reiter, R. J., Plummer, B. F., Limson, J., Weintraub, S. T., & Qi, W. (2000) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(00)00435-4 · Cited by 474

The significance of the metabolism of the neurohormone melatonin: Antioxidative protection and formation of bioactive substances

Hardeland, R., Reiter, R. J., Poeggeler, B., & Tan, D.-X. (1993) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80016-8 · Cited by 424

Evidence for melatonin synthesis in mouse and human bone marrow cells

Conti, A., Conconi, S., Hertens, E., Skwarlo‐Sonta, K., Markowska, M., & Maestroni, G. J. M. (2000) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1034/j.1600-079x.2000.280401.x · Cited by 379

Melatonin—A Highly Potent Endogenous Radical Scavenger and Electron Donor: New Aspects of the Oxidation Chemistry of this Indole Accessed in vitroa

POEGGELER, B., SAARELA, S., REITER, R. J., TAN, D., CHEN, L., MANCHESTER, L. C., & BARLOW‐WALDEN, L. R. (1994) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21831.x · Cited by 351

Distribution of melatonin in mammalian tissues: The relative importance of nuclear versus cytosolic localization

Menendez‐Pelaez, A., & Reiter, R. J. (1993) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1993.tb00511.x · Cited by 350

Melatonin As a Free Radical Scavenger: Implications for Aging and Age‐Related Diseasesa

REITER, R. J., TAN, D., POEGGELER, B., MENENDEZ‐PELAEZ, A., CHEN, L., & SAARELA, S. (1994) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb56817.x · Cited by 344

Identification of highly elevated levels of melatonin in bone marrow: its origin and significance

Tan, D.-X., Manchester, L. C., Reiter, R. J., Qi, W.-B., Zhang, M., Weintraub, S. T., Cabrera, J., Sainz, R. M., & Mayo, J. C. (1999) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/s0304-4165(99)00125-7 · Cited by 343

Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of melatonin in vitro

Marshall, K.-A., Reiter, R. J., Poeggeler, B., Aruoma, O. I., & Halliwell, B. (1996) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/0891-5849(96)00046-9 · Cited by 336

Terephthalic acid: A dosimeter for the detection of hydroxyl radicals in vitro

Barreto, J. C., Smith, G. S., Strobel, N. H. P., McQuillin, P. A., & Miller, T. A. (1994) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)00925-2 · Cited by 331

Nuclear localization of melatonin in different mammalian tissues: Immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay evidence

Menendez‐Pelaez, A., Poeggeler, B., Reiter, R. J., Barlow‐Walden, L., Pablos, M. I., & Tan, D. (1993) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.240530415 · Cited by 325

A Novel Melatonin Metabolite, Cyclic 3-Hydroxymelatonin: A Biomarker ofin VivoHydroxyl Radical Generation

Tan, D.-X., Manchester, L. C., Reiter, R. J., Plummer, B. F., Hardies, L. J., Weintraub, S. T., Vijayalaxmi, & Shepherd, A. M. M. (1998) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9826 · Cited by 319

Melatonin is a scavenger of peroxynitrite

Gilad, E., Cuzzocrea, S., Zingarelli, B., Salzman, A. L., & Szabó, C. (1997) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00008-8 · Cited by 317

The pineal hormone melatonin inhibits DNA-adduct formation induced by the chemical carcinogen safrole in vivo

Tan, D.-X., Pöeggeler, B., Reiter, R. J., Chen, L.-D., Chen, S., Lucien, M. C., & Barlow-Walden, L. R. (1993) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3835(93)90076-l · Cited by 308

The contribution of extrapineal sites of melatonin synthesis to circulating melatonin levels in higher vertebrates

Huether, G. (1993) · Experientia · doi:10.1007/bf01923948 · Cited by 304

Reactions between Nitric Oxide, Superoxide, and Peroxynitrite: Footprints of Peroxynitrite in Vivo

Crow, J. P., & Beckman, J. S. (1995) · Advances in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s1054-3589(08)61079-0 · Cited by 295

Reaction of Melatonin and Related Indoles With Hydroxyl Radicals: EPR and Spin Trapping Investigations

Matuszak, Z., Reszka, K. J., & Chignell, C. F. (1997) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(96)00614-4 · Cited by 287

Antioxidants in disease mechanisms and therapy

Sies, H. (1997) · Cited by 286

Nitric Oxide Regulation of Tissue Free Radical Injury

Rubbo, H., Darley-Usmar, V., & Freeman, B. A. (1996) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx960037q · Cited by 274

Nitric Oxide Regulation of Superoxide and Peroxynitrite-dependent Lipid Peroxidation

KIRK, M. C., & Freeman, B. Α. (1994) · Cited by 270

On the primary functions of melatonin in evolution: Mediation of photoperiodic signals in a unicell, photooxidation, and scavenging of free radicals*

Hardeland, R., Balzer, I., Poeggeler, B., Fuhrberg, B., Una, H., Behrmann, G., Wolf, R., Meyer, T. J., & Reiter, R. J. (1995) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1995.tb00147.x · Cited by 268

Melatonin in Relation to Cellular Antioxidative Defense Mechanisms

Reiter, R., Carneiro, R., & Oh, C.-S. (1997) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-2007-979057 · Cited by 260

Maternal‐fetal transfer of melatonin in pregnant women near term

Okatani, Y., Okamoto, K., Hayashi, K., Wakatsuki, A., Tamura, S., & Sagara, Y. (1998) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1998.tb00550.x · Cited by 235

Protective effect of melatonin in carrageenan‐induced models of local inflammation: Relationship to its inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production and its peroxynitrite scavenging activity

Cuzzocrea, S., Zingarelli, B., Gilad, E., Hake, P., Salzman, A. L., & Szabó, C. (1997) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1997.tb00342.x · Cited by 234

High physiological levels of melatonin in the bile of mammals

Tan, D.-X., Manchester, L. C., Reiter, R. J., Qi, W., Hanes, M. A., & Farley, N. J. (1999) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00519-6 · Cited by 233

Pro-convulsant effects of oral melatonin in neurologically disabled children

Sheldon, S. H. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)79321-1 · Cited by 230

High Melatonin Concentrations in Third Ventricular Cerebrospinal Fluid Are Not due to Galen Vein Blood Recirculating through the Choroid Plexus1

Skinner, D. C., & Malpaux, B. (1999) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.140.10.7074 · Cited by 220

Melatonin protects neurons from singlet oxygen‐induced apoptosis

Cagnoli, C. M., Atabay, C., Kharlamova, E., & Manev, H. (1995) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1995.tb00163.x · Cited by 219

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by melatonin

Zang, L.-Y., Cosma, G., Gardner, H., & Vallyathan, V. (1998) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/s0304-4165(98)00099-3 · Cited by 217

Increased brain damage after stroke or excitotoxic seizures in melatonin‐deficient rats

Manev, H., Uz, T., Kharlamov, A., & Joo, J. (1996) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.10.13.8940301 · Cited by 204

Physiological levels of melatonin contribute to the antioxidant capacity of human serum

Benot, S., Gobema, R., Reiter, R. J., Garcia‐Mauriño, S., Osuna, C., & Guerrero, J. M. (1999) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00597.x · Cited by 191

Neutrophils convert tyrosyl residues in albumin to chlorotyrosine

Kettle, A. J. (1996) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(95)01494-2 · Cited by 187

Melatonin and its precursors scavenge nitric oxide

Noda, Y., Mori, A., Liburdy, R., & Packer, L. (1999) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00611.x · Cited by 185

Augmentation of indices of oxidative damage in life-long melatonin-deficient rats

Reiter, R. J., Tan, D.-X., Kim, S. J., Manchester, L. C., Qi, W., Garcia, J. J., Cabrera, J. C., El-Sokkary, G., & Rouvier-Garay, V. (1999) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(99)00058-5 · Cited by 171

Antioxidant properties of melatonin: a pulse radiolysis study

Mahal, H. S., Sharma, H. S., & Mukherjee, T. (1999) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00226-3 · Cited by 167

Singlet molecular oxygen production in the reaction of peroxynitrite with hydrogen peroxide

Di Mascio, P., Bechara, E. J. H., Medeiros, M. H. G., Briviba, K., & Sies, H. (1994) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(94)01224-5 · Cited by 164

The Physiology and Pharmacology of Melatonin in Humans

Geoffriau, M., Brun, J., Chazot, G., & Claustrat, B. (1998) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000023160 · Cited by 164

Pinealectomy Aggravates and Melatonin Administration Attenuates Brain Damage in Focal Ischemia

Kilic, E., ÖUzdemir, Y. G., Bolay, H., Keleştimur, H., & Dalkara, T. (1999) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/00004647-199905000-00005 · Cited by 160

Melatonin as a hydroxyl radical scavenger

Stasica, P., Ulanski, P., & Rosiak, J. M. (1998) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1998.tb00387.x · Cited by 160

Reactions of Nitric Oxide with Metalloproteins

Radí, R. (1996) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx950176s · Cited by 139

Melatonin and structurally-related, endogenous indoles act as potent electron donors and radical scavengers in vitro

Pöeggeler, B., Reiter, R. J., Hardeland, R., Tan, D. X., & Barlow‐Walden, L. (1996) · Redox Report · doi:10.1080/13510002.1996.11747046 · Cited by 136

Nitric oxide: A signal for ADP-ribosylation of proteins

Brüne, B., Dimmeler, S., Vedia, L. M. Y., & Lapetina, E. G. (1994) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)00775-6 · Cited by 131

Transport of Albumin‐bound Melatonin Through the Blood‐Brain Barrier

Pardridge, W. M., & Mietus, L. J. (1980) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb11272.x · Cited by 124

On the antioxidant activity of melatonin

Antunes, F., Barclay, L. R. C., Ingold, K. U., King, M., Norris, J. Q., Scaiano, J. C., & Xi, F. (1999) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00168-3 · Cited by 121

Pharmacokinetics of melatonin in man after intravenous infusion and bolus injection

Mallo, C., Zaidan, R., Galy, G., Vermeulen, E., Brun, J., Chazot, G., & Claustrat, B. (1990) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00315035 · Cited by 121

Potent Protective Effect of Melatonin on Chromium(VI)-Induced DNA Single-Strand Breaks, Cytotoxicity, and Lipid Peroxidation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes

Susa, N., Ueno, S., Furukawa, Y., Ueda, J., & Sugiyama, M. (1997) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1006/taap.1997.8151 · Cited by 118

Safety of Melatonin in Long-Term Use(?)

Arendt, J. (1997) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/074873049701200624 · Cited by 116

Melatonin is an efficient antioxidant

Pieri, C., Moroni, F., Marra, M., et al. (1995) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/0167-4943(94)00593-v · Cited by 115

Melatonin: That Ubiquitously Acting Pineal Hormone

Reiter, R. (1991) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiologyonline.1991.6.5.223 · Cited by 115

Sleep Induction by Intranasal Application of Melatonin

Vollrath, L., Semm, P., & Gammel, G. (1981) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-026400-4.50043-8 · Cited by 112

Reaction of Peroxynitrite with Melatonin: A Mechanistic Study

Zhang, H., Squadrito, G. L., Uppu, R. M., & Pryor, W. A. (1999) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx980243t · Cited by 110

Reaction of Melatonin With Lipoperoxyl Radicals in Phospholipid Bilayers

Livrea, M. A., Tesoriere, L., D’Arpa, D., & Morreale, M. (1997) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(97)00018-x · Cited by 110

Melatonin protects against ischemia and reperfusion‐induced oxidative lipid and DNA damage in fetal rat brain

Wakatsuki, A., Okatani, Y., Lzumiya, C., & Lkenoue, N. (1999) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00576.x · Cited by 104

Oral administration and distribution of melatonin in human serum, saliva and urine

Vakkuri, O., Leppäluoto, J., & Kauppila, A. (1985) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(85)90412-6 · Cited by 101

Exploratory laser flash photolysis study of free radical reactions and magnetic field effects in melatonin chemistry

Scaiano, J. C. (1995) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1995.tb00188.x · Cited by 97

The Reaction of Melatonin with Peroxynitrite: Formation of Melatonin Radical Cation and Absence of Stable Nitrated Products

Zhang, H., Squadrito, G. L., & Pryor, W. A. (1998) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9426 · Cited by 96

Melatonin protects human red blood cells from oxidative hemolysis: New insights into the radical‐scavenging activity

Tesoriere, L., D’Arpa, D., Conti, S., Giaccone, V., Pintaudi, A. M., & Livrea, M. A. (1999) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00602.x · Cited by 95

Effects of melatonin on lipid peroxidation induced by oxygen radicals

Longoni, B., Salgo, M. G., Pryor, W. A., & Marchiafava, P. L. (1998) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00002-2 · Cited by 86

Melatonin and vitamin E limit nitric oxide-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates

Escames, G., Guerrero, J. M., Reiter, R. J., García, J. J., Muñoz‐Hoyos, A., Ortíz, G. G., & Oh, C. S. (1997) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00498-9 · Cited by 86

Melatonin

Reiter, R. J., Oh, C.-S., & Fujimori, O. (1996) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/1043-2760(95)00192-1 · Cited by 84

Melatonin Enhances Tamoxifen's Ability to Prevent the Reduction in Microsomal Membrane Fluidity Induced by Lipid Peroxidation

García, J. J., Reiter, R. J., Ortíz, G. G., et al. (1998) · The Journal of Membrane Biology · doi:10.1007/s002329900342 · Cited by 83

Comparison of the antioxidant activity of melatonin and pinoline in vitro

Pähkla, R., Zilmer, M., Kullisaar, T., & Rägo, L. (1998) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1998.tb00373.x · Cited by 75

Detection of Melatonin, Its Precursors and Related Enzyme Activities in Rabbit Lens

ABE, M., Itoh, M., 宮田, 幹., Ishikawa, S., & Sumi, Y. (1999) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1006/exer.1998.0601 · Cited by 74

Oxidative Stress of Vertebrates and Invertebrates

Felton, G. W. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9689-9_10 · Cited by 72

Oral controlled release of melatonin using polymer-reinforced and coated alginate beads

Lee, B., & Min, G. (1996) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(96)04723-0 · Cited by 71

Identification of the Factors Affecting the Rate of Deactivation of Hypochlorous Acid by Melatonin

Dellegar, S. M., Murphy, S. A., Bourne, A. E., DiCesare, J. C., & Purser, G. H. (1999) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0438 · Cited by 65

Circadian variations in the rat serum total antioxidant status: Correlation with melatonin levels

Benot, S., Molinero, P., Soutto, M., Goberna, R., & Guerrero, J. M. (1998) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1998.tb00378.x · Cited by 63

Pulse radiolysis studies of melatonin and chloromelatonin

Roberts, J. E., Hu, D., & Wishart, J. F. (1998) · Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology · doi:10.1016/s1011-1344(97)00132-2 · Cited by 59

Guidelines for prescribing melatonin

Avery, D., Lenz, M., & Landis, C. A. (1998) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853899808999394 · Cited by 52

Intracellular melatonin distribution in cultured cell lines

Finocchiaro, L. M. E., & Glikin, G. C. (1998) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1998.tb00362.x · Cited by 50

ROLE OF MELATONIN IN REDUCTION OF LIPID PEROXIDATION AND PEROXYNITRITE FORMATION IN NON-SEPTIC SHOCK INDUCED BY ZYMOSAN

El‐Sokkary, G. H., Reiter, R. J., Cuzzocrea, S., Caputi, A. P., Hassanein, A.-F. M. M., & Tan, D.-X. (1999) · Shock · doi:10.1097/00024382-199911000-00009 · Cited by 49

Use of high-performance liquid chromatography to detect hydroxyl and superoxide radicals generated from mitomycin C

Pritsos, C. A., Constantinides, P. P., Tritton, T. R., Heimbrook, D. C., & Sartorelli, A. C. (1985) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(85)90513-5 · Cited by 49

Preliminary evaluation of transdermal delivery of melatonin in human subjects.

Lee, B.-J., Parrott, K. A., Ayres, J. W., & Sack, R. L. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 47

New actions of melatonin and their relevance to biometeorology

Hardeland, R. (1997) · International Journal of Biometeorology · doi:10.1007/s004840050053 · Cited by 46

Some chemical and biochemical constraints of oxidative stress in living cells* *This chapter is dedicated to René Buvet († November 26, 1992) who led me to the astonishing world of oxygen biochemistry.

Chaudière, J. (1994) · New comprehensive biochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60438-x · Cited by 46

Diurnal rhythms of immunoreactive melatonin in the aqueous humor and serum of male pigmented rabbits

Yu, H.-S., Yee, R. W., Howes, K. A., & Reiter, R. J. (1990) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(90)90092-n · Cited by 42

Zinc accumulation in adriamycin‐induced cardiomyopathy in rats: Effects of melatonin, a cardioprotective antioxidant

Morishima, I., Okumura, K., Matsui, H., et al. (1999) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00585.x · Cited by 36

Alloxan acts as a prooxidant only under reducing conditions: influence of melatonin

Br�mme, H.-J. (1999) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s000180050305 · Cited by 35

Intranasal absorption of melatonin in vivo bioavailability study

Bechgaard, E. (1999) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(99)00019-8 · Cited by 34

Tissue Injury by Free Radicals

Cheeseman, K. H. (1993) · Toxicology and Industrial Health · doi:10.1177/0748233793009001-205 · Cited by 32

Reactions of melatonin with radicals in deoxygenated aqueous solution

Stasica, P., Ulański, P., & Rosiak, J. M. (1998) · Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry · doi:10.1007/bf02383723 · Cited by 31

The pineal secretory product melatonin reduces hydrogen peroxide‐induced DNA damage in U‐937 cells

Romero, M., Osuna, C., García‐Pergañeda, A., Carrillo‐Vico, A., & Guerrero, J. M. (1999) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00588.x · Cited by 30

Involvement of cytochrome P‐450 isozymes in melatonin metabolism and clinical implications

Yeleswaram, K., Vachharajani, N. N., & Santone, K. S. (1999) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00583.x · Cited by 28

The Excited States of Melatonin

King, M., & Scaiano, J. C. (1997) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb08601.x · Cited by 25

Singlet oxygen in biological systems

Wefers, H. (1987) · Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/0302-4598(87)85011-0 · Cited by 24

Exacerbation of Methamphetamine-Induced Neurochemical Deficits by Melatonin

Gibb, J. W., Bush, L. G., & Hanson, G. R. (1997) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(24)37091-0 · Cited by 17

The Importance of Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance

McCord, J. M. (1997) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781482292213-4 · Cited by 16

Invited review: Oxidation of biological systems: Oxidative stress phenomena, antioxidants, redox reactions, and methods for their quantification

Kohen, R., & Nyska, A. (2002) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1080/01926230290166724 · Cited by 2,178

Melatonin: Nature’s most versatile biological signal?

Pandi‐Perumal, S. R., Srinivasan, V., Maestroni, G. J. M., Cardinali, D. P., Poeggeler, B., & Hardeland, R. (2006) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05322.x · Cited by 875

Iron behaving badly: inappropriate iron chelation as a major contributor to the aetiology of vascular and other progressive inflammatory and degenerative diseases

Kell, D. B. (2009) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/1755-8794-2-2 · Cited by 554

Melatonin: reducing the toxicity and increasing the efficacy of drugs

Reiter, R. J., Tan, D.-X., Sainz, R. M., Mayo, J. C., & Lopez-Burillo, S. (2002) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1211/002235702760345374 · Cited by 417

The emerging link between cancer, metabolism, and circadian rhythms

Masri, S., & Sassone-Corsi, P. (2018) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0271-8 · Cited by 404