The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Blockade of Microglial Activation Is Neuroprotective in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease
Open accessAbstract
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) damages the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway as seen in Parkinson's disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disorder with no effective protective treatment. Consistent with a role of glial cells in PD neurodegeneration, here we show that minocycline, an approved tetracycline derivative that inhibits microglial activation independently of its antimicrobial properties, mitigates both the demise of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and the formation of nitrotyrosine produced by MPTP. In addition, we show that minocycline not only prevents MPTP-induced activation of microglia but also the formation of mature interleukin-1beta and the activation of NADPH-oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), three key microglial-derived cytotoxic mediators. Previously, we demonstrated that ablation of iNOS attenuates MPTP-induced neurotoxicity. Now, we demonstrate that iNOS is not the only microglial-related culprit implicated in MPTP-induced toxicity because mutant iNOS-deficient mice treated with minocycline are more resistant to this neurotoxin than iNOS-deficient mice not treated with minocycline. This study demonstrates that microglial-related inflammatory events play a significant role in the MPTP neurotoxic process and suggests that minocycline may be a valuable neuroprotective agent for the treatment of PD.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This effect is mainly ascribable to the minocycline-dependent suppression of microglia activation, which has been reported by several in vivo studies [251,258,259,260,261,262,263].”
From The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [262]
In the citing paper
“In this respect, microglial inactivation by minocycline correlates with decreased IL-1β formation, as well as reduced NADPH-oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, suggesting that both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways are involved [262,264].”
From The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [262]
In the citing paper
“In this respect, microglial inactivation by minocycline correlates with decreased IL-1β formation, as well as reduced NADPH-oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, suggesting that both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways are involved [262,264].”
From The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [262]
In the citing paper
“In this respect, microglial inactivation by minocycline correlates with decreased IL-1β formation, as well as reduced NADPH-oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, suggesting that both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways are involved [262,264].”
From The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [262]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Free radicals in biology and medicine
Gutteridge, J. M. C. (1991) · General Pharmacology The Vascular System · doi:10.1016/0306-3623(91)90478-o · Cited by 17,178
Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine
Land, E. J. (1990) · International Journal of Radiation Biology · doi:10.1080/09553009014552071 · Cited by 4,871
Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS
Kreutzberg, G. W. (1996) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(96)10049-7 · Cited by 4,396
Microglia: Intrinsic immuneffector cell of the brain
Gehrmann, J., Matsumoto, Y., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1995) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(94)00015-h · Cited by 1,111
Chen, M., Ona, V. O., Li, M., Ferrante, R. J., Fink, K., Zhu, S., Bian, J., Guo, L., Farrell, L. A., Hersch, S. M., et al. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/77528 · Cited by 1,060
Liberatore, G. T., Jackson-Lewis, V., Vukosavic, S., Mandir, A. S., Vila, M., McAuliffe, W. G., Dawson, V. L., Dawson, T. M., & Przedborski, S. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/70978 · Cited by 1,046 · cited 19×
“…decreases MPTP-mediated nitrotyrosine formation A significant part of the MPTP neurotoxic process is mediated by NO-related oxidative damage (Przedborski et al., 2000), the extent of which can be evaluated by assessing nitrotyrosine levels (Liberatore et al., 1999; Pennathur et al., 1999).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialYrjänheikki, J., Kauppinen, T. M., Keinänen, R., Goldsteins, G., Chan, P. H., & Koıstınaho, J. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.23.13496 · Cited by 1,040
Banati, R. B., Gehrmann, J., Schubert, P., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1993) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440070117 · Cited by 1,032
Tetracyclines inhibit microglial activation and are neuroprotective in global brain ischemia
Yrjänheikki, J., Keinänen, R., Pellikka, M., Hökfelt, T., & Koistinaho, J. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.26.15769 · Cited by 1,006
Tikka, T., Fiebich, B. L., Goldsteins, G., Keinänen, R., & Koistinaho, J. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-08-02580.2001 · Cited by 958
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Fahn S, Przedborski S (2000) Parkinsonism. In: Merritt's neurology (Rowland LP, ed), pp 679 -693. New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms
Block, M. L., Zecca, L., & Hong, J.-S. (2007) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2038 · Cited by 4,110
Cytokines, Inflammation, and Pain
Zhang, J., & An, J. (2007) · International Anesthesiology Clinics · doi:10.1097/aia.0b013e318034194e · Cited by 2,958
Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroads of cell signalling and inflammatory disease
Turner, M. D., Nedjai, B., Hurst, T. P., & Pennington, D. J. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.05.014 · Cited by 2,289
Exosomes as drug delivery vehicles for Parkinson’s disease therapy
Haney, M. J., Klyachko, N. L., Zhao, Y., Gupta, R., Plotnikova, E. G., He, Z., Patel, T., Piroyan, A., Sokolsky, M., Kabanov, A. V., et al. (2015) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.033 · Cited by 2,009
Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: A target for neuroprotection?
Hirsch, E. C., & Hunot, S. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70062-6 · Cited by 1,984
Oxidative stress in neurodegeneration: Cause or consequence?
Andersen, J. K. (2004) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nrn1434 · Cited by 1,869
Zhang, W., Wang, T., Pei, Z., Miller, D. S., Wu, X., Block, M. L., Wilson, B., Zhang, W., Zhou, Y., Hong, J.-S., et al. (2005) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.04-2751com · Cited by 1,265
Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Released from Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Smith, J. A., Das, A., Ray, S. K., & Banik, N. L. (2012) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.10.004 · Cited by 1,165
Liu, B., & Hong, J.-S. (2003) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.102.035048 · Cited by 1,095
Lehnardt, S., Massillon, L., Follett, P., Jensen, F. E., Ratan, R., Rosenberg, P. A., Volpe, J. J., & Vartanian, T. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1432609100 · Cited by 1,052
Zhu, S., Stavrovskaya, I. G., Drozda, M., Kim, B. Y. S., Ona, V. O., Li, M., Sarang, S. S., Liu, A. S., Hartley, D. M., Wu, D. C., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/417074a · Cited by 1,069
Microglial Activation and Chronic Neurodegeneration
Lull, M. E., & Block, M. L. (2010) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.nurt.2010.05.014 · Cited by 1,047
Tansey, M. G., & Goldberg, M. S. (2010) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2009.11.004 · Cited by 1,045
Autophagy and apoptosis dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders
Ghavami, S., Shojaei, S., Yeganeh, B., Ande, S. R., Jangamreddy, J. R., Mehrpour, M., Christoffersson, J., Chaabane, W., Moghadam, A. R., Kashani, H. H., et al. (2014) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.10.004 · Cited by 1,039
Non–cell autonomous toxicity in neurodegenerative disorders: ALS and beyond
Ilieva, H., Polymenidou, M., & Cleveland, D. W. (2009) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200908164 · Cited by 1,008
Minocycline: Far beyond an Antibiotic
Garrido‐Mesa, N., Zarzuelo, A., & Gálvez, J. (2013) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.12139 · Cited by 935
Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease and its potential as therapeutic target
Wang, Q., Liu, Y., & Zhou, J. (2015) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-015-0042-0 · Cited by 884
Why neurodegenerative diseases are progressive: uncontrolled inflammation drives disease progression
Gao, H., & Hong, J. (2008) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2008.05.002 · Cited by 852
Vasudeva, R., Tanga, F. Y., & DeLeo, J. A. (2003) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.103.052407 · Cited by 797
Microglia and neurodegeneration: The role of systemic inflammation
Cunningham, C. (2013) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22350 · Cited by 769
Oxidative stress and nitration in neurodegeneration: Cause, effect, or association?
Ischiropoulos, H., & Beckman, J. S. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200317638 · Cited by 759
Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson disease
Doty, R. L. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2012.80 · Cited by 737
Pathophysiology and pharmacologic treatment of acute spinal cord injury*1
Kwon, B. K. (2004) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2003.07.007 · Cited by 705
Ledeboer, A., Sloane, E. M., Milligan, E. D., Frank, M. G., Mahony, J. H., Maier, S. F., & Watkins, L. R. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.02.009 · Cited by 677
Kim, Y. S., & Joh, T. H. (2006) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.2006.40 · Cited by 655
Cyclooxygenase-2 is instrumental in Parkinson's disease neurodegeneration
Teismann, P., Tieu, K., Choi, D., Wu, D., Naini, A., Hunot, S., Vila, M., Jackson-Lewis, V. R., & Przedborski, S. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0837397100 · Cited by 671
Inflammation after Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Wang, J., & Doré, S. (2006) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600403 · Cited by 659
Efficacy of minocycline in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a phase III randomised trial
Gordon, P. H., Moore, D. H., Miller, R. G., Florence, J. M., Verheijde, J. L., Doorish, C., Hilton, J. F., Spitalny, G. M., MacArthur, R. B., Mitsumoto, H., et al. (2007) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70270-3 · Cited by 649
Wu, D., Teismann, P., Tieu, K., Vila, M., Jackson-Lewis, V. R., Ischiropoulos, H., & Przedborski, S. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0937239100 · Cited by 634
Inflammation as a causative factor in the aetiology of Parkinson's disease
Whitton, P. S. (2007) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707167 · Cited by 641
Tansey, M. G., McCoy, M. K., & Frank-Cannon, T. C. (2007) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.07.004 · Cited by 587
Microglia in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration: From Understanding to Therapy
Muzio, L., Viotti, A., & Martino, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.742065 · Cited by 581
Chlorinative stress: An under appreciated mediator of neurodegeneration?
Yap, Y. W., Whiteman, M., & Cheung, N. S. (2006) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.06.013 · Cited by 571
Nitric oxide, cell bioenergetics and neurodegeneration
Moncada, S., & Bolaños, J. P. (2006) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03988.x · Cited by 555
Parkinson’s Disease: Etiology, Neuropathology, and Pathogenesis
Kouli, A., Torsney, K., & Kuan, W. (2018) · Codon Publications eBooks · doi:10.15586/codonpublications.parkinsonsdisease.2018.ch1 · Cited by 634
Targeting programmed cell death in neurodegenerative diseases
Vila, M., & Przedborski, S. (2003) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1100 · Cited by 566
Hüttemann, M., Pecina, P., Rainbolt, M., Sanderson, T. H., Kagan, V. E., Samavati, L., Doan, J. W., & Lee, I. (2011) · Mitochondrion · doi:10.1016/j.mito.2011.01.010 · Cited by 522
MPTP Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease: An Update
Meredith, G. E., & Rademacher, D. J. (2011) · Journal of Parkinson's Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-2011-11023 · Cited by 471
The Promise of Minocycline in Neurology
Yong, V. W., Wells, J., Giuliani, F., Casha, S., Power, C., & Metz, L. M. (2004) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(04)00937-8 · Cited by 518
Oxidative stress and inflammation in Parkinson's disease: is there a causal link?
Hald, A., & Lotharius, J. (2005) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.01.013 · Cited by 510
Microglia Biology in Health and Disease
Garden, G. A., & Möller, T. (2006) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-006-9015-5 · Cited by 511
NOX Enzymes in the Central Nervous System: From Signaling to Disease
Sorce, S., & Krause, K. (2009) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2578 · Cited by 481
Importance of glial activation in neuropathic pain
Mika, J., Żychowska, M., Popiołek-Barczyk, K., Rojewska, E., & Przewłocka, B. (2013) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.072 · Cited by 463
The NINDS NET-PD Investigators (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000201252.57661.e1 · Cited by 453
Minocycline and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Kim, H.-S., & Suh, Y.-H. (2009) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.09.040 · Cited by 447
Ageing as a primary risk factor for Parkinson's disease: evidence from studies of non-human primates
Collier, T. J., Kanaan, N. M., & Kordower, J. H. (2011) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3039 · Cited by 469
The Role of Glial Reaction and Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease
Hirsch, É. C., Breidert, T., Rousselet, E., Hunot, S., Hartmann, A., & Michel, P. P. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07478.x · Cited by 455
The pathogenesis of cell death in Parkinson's disease
Jenner, P. G., & Olanow, C. W. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.66.10_suppl_4.s24 · Cited by 451
Minocycline treatment in acute stroke
Lampl, Y., Boaz, M., Gilad, R., Lorberboym, M., Dabby, R., Rapoport, A. M., Anca-Hershkowitz, M., & Sadeh, M. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000277487.04281.db · Cited by 452
Ghosh, A., Roy, A., Liu, X., Kordower, J. H., Mufson, E. J., Hartley, D. M., Ghosh, S., Mosley, R. L., Gendelman, H. E., & Pahan, K. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0704908104 · Cited by 438
Neuroinflammation and Oxidation/Nitration of α-Synuclein Linked to Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration
Gao, H., Kotzbauer, P. T., Uryu, K., Leight, S., Trojanowski, J. Q., & Lee, V. M. ‐. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0143-07.2008 · Cited by 453
Oxidative Stress and the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Reynolds, A., Laurie, C. D., Mosley, R. L., & Gendelman, H. E. (2007) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(07)82016-2 · Cited by 441
Linking Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease
Gelders, G., Baekelandt, V., & Van der Perren, A. (2018) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2018/4784268 · Cited by 430
Glia: Initiators and progressors of pathology in Parkinson's disease
Halliday, G. M., & Stevens, C. H. (2011) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23455 · Cited by 436
Neuroprotection by minocycline facilitates significant recovery from spinal cord injury in mice.
Wells, J., Hurlbert, R., Fehlings, M., & Yong, W. V. (2003) · Brain : a journal of neurology · doi:10.1093/brain/awg178 · Cited by 437
Neuroprotective activities of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease
Reynolds, A. D., Banerjee, R., Liu, J., Gendelman, H. E., & Mosley, R. L. (2007) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0507296 · Cited by 423
The Significance of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Immunomodulation
Delgado, M., Pozo, D., & Ganea, D. (2004) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.56.2.7 · Cited by 415
Wang, X., Zhu, S., Drozda, M., Zhang, W., Stavrovskaya, I. G., Cattaneo, E. F., Ferrante, R. J., Kristal, B. S., & Friedlander, R. M. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1832501100 · Cited by 407
Levkovitz, Y., Mendlovich, S., Riwkes, S., Braw, Y., Levkovitch-Verbin, H., Gal, G., Fennig, S., Treves, I., & Kron, S. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.08m04666yel · Cited by 387
Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease
Mosley, R. L., Benner, E. J., Kadiu, I., Thomas, M., Boska, M. D., Hasan, K. M., Laurie, C. D., & Gendelman, H. E. (2006) · Clinical Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/j.cnr.2006.09.006 · Cited by 393
Dehmer, T., Heneka, M. T., Sastre, M., DICHGANS, J., & Schulz, J. B. (2003) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02210.x · Cited by 387
The MPTP model of Parkinson's disease
Smeyne, R. J., & Jackson-Lewis, V. R. (2004) · Molecular Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.09.017 · Cited by 387
Nrf2 regulates microglial dynamics and neuroinflammation in experimental Parkinson's disease
Rojo, A. I., Innamorato, N. G., Martín-Moreno, A. M., CEBALLOS, M. L. D., Yamamoto, M. P., & Cuadrado, A. (2009) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20947 · Cited by 390
Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in Parkinson's disease: The role of glial cells
Iovino, L., Tremblay, M., & Civiero, L. (2020) · Journal of Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2020.07.011 · Cited by 387
Therapeutic applications of PARP inhibitors: Anticancer therapy and beyond
Curtin, N. J., & Szabo, C. (2013) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2013.01.006 · Cited by 369
Theodore, S., Cao, S., McLean, P. J., & Standaert, D. G. (2008) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e31818e5e99 · Cited by 392
Intracerebral hemorrhage induces macrophage activation and matrix metalloproteinases
Power, C., Henry, S. D., Bigio, M. R. D., Larsen, P. H., Corbett, D., Imai, Y., Yong, V. W., & Peeling, J. (2003) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10553 · Cited by 362
Nitrated α–Synuclein Immunity Accelerates Degeneration of Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons
Benner, E. J., Banerjee, R., Reynolds, A. D., Sherman, S., Писарев, В. М., Tsiperson, V., Nemachek, C., Ciborowski, P. S., Przedborski, S., Mosley, R. L., et al. (2008) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001376 · Cited by 371
A possible role for humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease
Orr, C., Rowe, D. B., Mizuno, Y., Mori, H., & Halliday, G. M. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh625 · Cited by 367
Targeting Microglial Activation States as a Therapeutic Avenue in Parkinson’s Disease
Subramaniam, S., & Federoff, H. J. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00176 · Cited by 353
Pott Godoy, M. C., Tarelli, R., Ferrari, C. C., Sarchi, M. I., & Pitossi, F. J. (2008) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awn101 · Cited by 335
Microglial Dynamics and Role in the Healthy and Diseased Brain: A Paradigm of Functional Plasticity
Gomez-Nicola, D., & Perry, V. H. (2015) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858414530512 · Cited by 340
Wilms, H., Rosenstiel, P. C., Sievers, J., Deuschl, G., Zecca, L., & Lucius, R. (2003) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.02-0314fje · Cited by 337
Teng, Y. D., Choi, H., Onario, R. C., Zhu, S., Desilets, F. C., Lan, S., Woodard, E. J., Snyder, E. Y., Eichler, M. E., & Friedlander, R. M. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0306239101 · Cited by 335
Yan, Z., Gibson, S. A., Buckley, J. A., Qin, H., & Benveniste, E. N. (2018) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.014 · Cited by 318
Role of D-galactose-induced brain aging and its potential used for therapeutic interventions
Shwe, T., Pratchayasakul, W., Chattipakorn, N., & Chattipakorn, S. C. (2017) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.029 · Cited by 351
Features of Microglia and Neuroinflammation Relevant to Environmental Exposure and Neurotoxicity
Kraft, A. D., & Harry, G. J. (2011) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph8072980 · Cited by 340
Chronic microglial activation and progressive dopaminergic neurotoxicity
Block, M. L., & Hong, J. (2007) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst0351127 · Cited by 331
Novel anti-inflammatory therapy for Parkinson's disease
Gao, H., Liu, B., Zhang, W., & Hong, J. (2003) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(03)00176-7 · Cited by 325
Kraus, R. L., Pasieczny, R., Lariosa-Willingham, K. D., Turner, M. S., Jiang, A., & Trauger, J. W. (2005) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03219.x · Cited by 322
Therapeutic immunization protects dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Benner, E. J., Mosley, R. L., Destache, C. J., Lewis, T. B., Jackson-Lewis, V. R., Gorantla, S., Nemachek, C., Green, S. R., Przedborski, S., & Gendelman, H. E. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0400569101 · Cited by 321
Selective microglial activation in the rat rotenone model of Parkinson's disease
Sherer, T., Betarbet, R. S., Kim, J.-H., & Greenamyre, J. T. (2003) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00172-1 · Cited by 317
Involvement of Interferon-γ in Microglial-Mediated Loss of Dopaminergic Neurons
Mount, M. P., Lira, A., Grimes, D., Smith, P. D., Faucher, S., Slack, R. S., Anisman, H., Hayley, S. P., & Park, D. S. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5321-06.2007 · Cited by 331
Thomas, D. M., Walker, P. D., Benjamins, J. A., Geddes, T. J., & Kuhn, D. M. (2004) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.104.070961 · Cited by 319
An inflammatory review of Parkinson's disease
Orr, C. F., Rowe, D. B., & Halliday, G. M. (2002) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(02)00127-2 · Cited by 309
Microglial phenotypes in Parkinson’s disease and animal models of the disease
Joers, V., Tansey, M. G., Mulas, G., & Carta, A. R. (2017) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.04.006 · Cited by 285
Gao, H., Liu, B., Zhang, W., & Hong, J. (2003) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.03-0109fje · Cited by 306
Oxidative and nitrative stress in neurodegeneration
Cobb, C. A., & Cole, M. P. (2015) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2015.04.020 · Cited by 306
Lorenz, P., Roychowdhury, S., Engelmann, M., Wolf, G. L., & Horn, T. F. W. (2003) · Nitric Oxide · doi:10.1016/j.niox.2003.09.005 · Cited by 297
Contributions of central and systemic inflammation to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease
Collins, L. M., Toulouse, A., Connor, T. J., & Nolan, Y. M. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.028 · Cited by 306
Neuroinflammatory processes in Parkinson's disease
Hirsch, É. C., Hunot, S., & Hartmann, A. (2005) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.10.013 · Cited by 303
Mika, J., Osikowicz, M., Makuch, W., & Przewłocka, B. (2007) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.01.013 · Cited by 291
Choi, Y., Kim, H., Shin, K. Y., Kim, E., Kim, M., Kim, H.-S., Park, C. H., Jeong, Y. H., Yoo, J., Lee, J., et al. (2007) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301377 · Cited by 296
Neuroinflammation is a key player in Parkinson’s disease and a prime target for therapy
Li, Q., Flood, P. M., & Hong, J. (2010) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-010-0428-1 · Cited by 295
Rehman, S. U., Shah, S. A., Ali, T., Chung, J. I., & Kim, M. O. (2016) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9604-5 · Cited by 290
Przedborski, S., & Vila, M. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 286
Liu, B., Gao, H., & Hong, J. (2003) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.6361 · Cited by 285
Choi, D., Pennathur, S., Perier, C., Tieu, K., Teismann, P., Wu, D.-C., Jackson-Lewis, V. R., Vila, M., Vonsattel, J., Heinecke, J. W., et al. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0970-05.2005 · Cited by 286
The 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridine Mouse Model
Przedborski, S., & Vila, M. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07476.x · Cited by 283
Minocycline as a Neuroprotective Agent
Stirling, D. P., Koochesfahani, K. M., Steeves, J. D., & Tetzlaff, W. (2005) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858405275175 · Cited by 280
Metadata
- Authors
- Wu, D. C., Jackson-Lewis, V., Vila, M., Tieu, K., Teismann, P., Vadseth, C., Choi, D.-K., Ischiropoulos, H., & Przedborski, S.
- Affiliations
- Pediatrics and Genetics (US)
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2002-03-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1763-1771
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6758858
- OpenAlex
- W2148726772
- Cited by
- 1,183
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 63
- FWCI
- 45.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- Parkinson's Disease Foundation (NS38370)
- Muscular Dystrophy Association
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- National Institutes of Health (5r29ns037345-05, NS38370)
- National Institute on Aging (R01-AG13966, R01AG013966)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P50-NS38370, R01 NS 38586, R01 NS 42269, R29 NS37345, R01NS042269, R01NS038586, P50NS038370)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, microglial activation, minocycline, MPTP-induced neurotoxicity, neuroprotection, nitrotyrosine, IL-1β, NADPH oxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, neuroinflammation, iNOS-deficient mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Astrocytes, Corpus Striatum, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Interleukin-1, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Minocycline, Neurons, Substantia Nigra, Tyrosine, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, Up-Regulation, Microglia, Mice, Knockout, Neuroprotective Agents, Nitric Oxide Synthase, NADPH Oxidases, Parkinsonian Disorders, Mice, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
