Extensive Cortical Rewiring after Brain Injury
Open accessAbstract
Previously, we showed that the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) underwent neurophysiological remodeling after injury to the primary motor cortex (M1). In the present study, we examined cortical connections of PMv after such lesions. The neuroanatomical tract tracer biotinylated dextran amine was injected into the PMv hand area at least 5 months after ischemic injury to the M1 hand area. Comparison of labeling patterns between experimental and control animals demonstrated extensive proliferation of novel PMv terminal fields and the appearance of retrogradely labeled cell bodies within area 1/2 of the primary somatosensory cortex after M1 injury. Furthermore, evidence was found for alterations in the trajectory of PMv intracortical axons near the site of the lesion. The results suggest that M1 injury results in axonal sprouting near the ischemic injury and the establishment of novel connections within a distant target. These results support the hypothesis that, after a cortical injury, such as occurs after stroke, cortical areas distant from the injury undergo major neuroanatomical reorganization. Our results reveal an extraordinary anatomical rewiring capacity in the adult CNS after injury that may potentially play a role in recovery.
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In rodent and primate models of stroke, axonal sprouting and the formation of new connections occurs in motor, somatosensory and premotor areas.
“In rodent and primate models of stroke, axonal sprouting and the formation of new connections occurs in motor, somatosensory and premotor areas1–4.”
From GDF10 is a signal for axonal sprouting and functional recovery after stroke (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
The Discussion reports novel connections between ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and somatosensory area S1 after an M1 infarct in squirrel monkeys. The section on axonal trajectories proposes sprouting but says the precise branching location can only be inferred indirectly. The paper does not itself demonstrate the claimed changes across rodent and primate models or in all three listed cortical areas; its section on other motor areas reports no significant change in PMv connectivity there. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredStroke induces axonal sprouting and the formation of new connections in peri-infarct cortex that link premotor, motor, somatosensory and association areas.
“Stroke induces axonal sprouting and the formation of new connections in peri-infarct cortex that link premotor, motor, somatosensory and association areas1–4.”
From GDF10 is a signal for axonal sprouting and functional recovery after stroke (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
The Discussion reports new connections between ventral premotor cortex and somatosensory area S1 after an infarct in primary motor cortex. The ‘Alteration of axonal trajectory at the lesion border’ section says sprouting near the infarct border is inferred, not directly located. The paper does not establish new connections linking all four named types of area, including association areas. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAfter stroke, axonal sprouting has been demonstrated in mice, rats and non-human primates.
“After stroke, axonal sprouting has been demonstrated in mice, rats and non-human primates1–4,10,38.”
From GDF10 is a signal for axonal sprouting and functional recovery after stroke (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
The Materials and Methods and Results describe ischemic infarcts in squirrel monkeys, supporting the non-human-primate portion of the multiply cited sentence. But “Alteration of axonal trajectory at the lesion border” says that sprouting near the infarct is inferred indirectly from changed axonal trajectories, rather than directly demonstrated. This paper does not study mice or rats. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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- Authors
- Dancause, N., Barbay, S., Frost, S. B., Plautz, E. J., Chen, D., Zoubina, E. V., Stowe, A. M., & Nudo, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Kansas Medical Center (US)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dancause, Numa
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2005-11-02
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 44
- Pages
- 10167-10179
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6725801
- OpenAlex
- W2162075347
- Cited by
- 704
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 33.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association (HD02528)
- National Institutes of Health (HD02528)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R37NS030853, R01NS030853, NS30853)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30HD002528, HD-02528)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- cortical reorganization, ventral premotor cortex, stroke, axonal sprouting, cortical connectivity, primary somatosensory cortex, biotinylated dextran amine, functional recovery
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Injuries, Cerebral Cortex, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Neuronal Plasticity, Saimiri
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