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Cited by 419Bullying, Victimization, and AggressionChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentChild Abuse and Trauma

What is the early adulthood outcome of boys who bully or are bullied in childhood? The finnish ‘from a boy to a man’ Study

Sourander, Andre, Jensen, Peter, Rönning, John A., Niemelä, Solja, Helenius, Hans, Sillanmäki, Lauri, Kumpulainen, Kirsti, Piha, Jorma +3 more·2007·PEDIATRICS
DOI 10.1542/peds.2006-2704
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to study predictive associations between bullying and victimization at age 8 years and psychiatric disorders in early adulthood. METHODS: The sample comprised 2540 boys born in 1981. Information about bullying and victimization was gathered in 1989 when the boys were 8 years old from parents, teachers, and children. Information about psychiatric disorders was based on military call-up examination and army registry when the subjects were 18 to 23 years old. RESULTS: In univariate logistic regression analysis, frequent bullying-only status predicted antisocial personality, substance abuse, and depressive and anxiety disorders; frequent victimization-only status predicted anxiety disorder, whereas frequent bully-victim status predicted antisocial personality and anxiety disorder. When controlled against the effects of parental education level and parent and teacher reports of emotional and behavioral symptoms by using Rutter scales, frequent victimization-only status predicted anxiety disorders, and frequent bullying-only predicted antisocial personality disorder, whereas frequent bully-victimization predicted both anxiety and antisocial personality disorder. Information about frequent bullying and victimization as primary screening for children at risk identified approximately 28% of those with a psychiatric disorder 10 to 15 years later. CONCLUSIONS: Both bullying and victimization during early school years are public health signs that identify boys who are at risk of suffering psychiatric disorders in early adulthood. The school health and educational system has a central role to play in detecting these boys at risk.

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Authors
Sourander, A., Jensen, P., Rönning, J. A., Niemelä, S., Helenius, H., Sillanmäki, L., Kumpulainen, K., Piha, J., Tamminen, T., Moilanen, I., & Almqvist, F.
Affiliations
  • Departments of Child Psychiatry
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tromsö University, Tromsö, Norway
  • University of Turku (FI)
  • Biostatistics, Turku University, Turku, Finland
  • Department of Child Psychiatry, Kuopio University, Kuopio, Finland
  • Tampere University (FI)
  • University of Oulu (FI)
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
ORCID
Venue
PEDIATRICS
Publisher
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published
2007-08-01
Volume
120
Issue
2
Pages
397-404
ISSN
  • 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-4275
DOI
10.1542/peds.2006-2704
OpenAlex
W2120938021
Cited by
419
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 25
FWCI
28.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords
bullying, bullying victimization, early adulthood, mental illness, antisocial personality disorder, substance abuse, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, boys, school health
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aggression, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Behavior, Finland, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Crime Victims, Conduct Disorder

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