Addressing health care Workers’ mental health: a systematic review of evidence-based interventions and current resources
Open accessAbstract
Background. Mental health is declining in health care workers. Objectives. To provide a comprehensive assessment of intervention literature focused on the support and treatment of mental health within the health care workforce. Search Methods. We searched online databases (e.g., Medline, PsycINFO). Selection Criteria. We selected manuscripts published before March 2022 that evaluated the target population (e.g., nurses), mental health outcomes (e.g., burnout, depression), and intervention category (e.g., mindfulness). Data Collection and Analysis. Of 5158 publications screened, 118 interventions were included. We extracted relevant statistics and information. Main Results. Twenty (17%) earned study quality ratings indicating design, analysis, and implementation strengths. Randomized controlled trials were used by 52 studies (44%). Thirty-eight percent were conducted in the United States (n = 45). Ninety (76%) reported significant changes, and 46 (39%) reported measurable effect sizes. Multiple interventions significantly reduced stress (n = 29; 24%), anxiety (n = 20; 17%), emotional exhaustion or compassion fatigue (n = 16; 14%), burnout (n = 15; 13%), and depression (n = 15; 13%). Authors’ Conclusions. Targeted, well-designed mental health interventions can improve outcomes among health care workers. Public Health Implications. Targeted health care‒focused interventions to address workers’ mental health could improve outcomes within this important and vulnerable workforce. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S2):S213–S226. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307556 )
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Individual-level tactics such as relaxation or mindfulness programs are the most common healthcare interventions for mental health including burnout.
“A systematic review of healthcare interventions focused on mental health, including burnout, indicated that individual-level tactics such as relaxation or mindfulness-based programs are the most common types [6].”
From The Work-life Check-ins randomized controlled trial: a leader-based adaptive, semi-structured burnout intervention in primary care clinics (2024) · cites this paper as [6]
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Predicting resilience among health social workers during COVID-19
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Clinician experiences of organisational compassion in healthcare: a qualitative study
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Moving From Buzzwords to Best Practices
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Unseen barriers to home healthcare: a qualitative study of providers’ perspectives from Saudi Arabia
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Human Resources Management: Managing Mental Health of Healthcare Workers
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- Authors
- Anger, W. K., Dimoff, J. K., & Alley, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- ORCID
- Dimoff, Jennifer K.
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2024-02
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- S2
- Pages
- 213-226
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC10916736
- OpenAlex
- W4391805842
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 151
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 11
- FWCI
- 6.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Oregon Health and Science University (ORS 656.630, 656.630)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Keywords
- mental health interventions, nurses, burnout, compassion fatigue, depression, anxiety, stress, mindfulness, occupational stress, emotional exhaustion
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Burnout, Professional, Delivery of Health Care, Depression, Health Personnel, Humans, Mental Health, Evidence-Based Medicine, Evidence-Based Practice, Mindfulness
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