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Nutrient Leaching in a Colombian Savanna Oxisol Amended with Biochar
Abstract
Nutrient leaching in highly weathered tropical soils often poses a challenge for crop production. We investigated the effects of applying 20 t ha biochar (BC) to a Colombian savanna Oxisol on soil hydrology and nutrient leaching in field experiments. Measurements were made over the third and fourth years after a single BC application. Nutrient contents in the soil solution were measured under one maize and one soybean crop each year that were routinely fertilized with mineral fertilizers. Leaching by unsaturated water flux was calculated using soil solution sampled with suction cup lysimeters and water flux estimates generated by the model HYDRUS 1-D. No significant difference ( > 0.05) was observed in surface-saturated hydraulic conductivity or soil water retention curves, resulting in no relevant changes in water percolation after BC additions in the studied soils. However, due to differences in soil solution concentrations, leaching of inorganic N, Ca, Mg, and K measured up to a depth of 0.6 m increased ( < 0.05), whereas P leaching decreased, and leaching of all nutrients (except P) at a depth of 1.2 m was significantly reduced with BC application. Changes in leaching at 2.0 m depth with BC additions were about one order of magnitude lower than at other depths, except for P. Biochar applications increased soil solution concentrations and downward movement of nutrients in the root zone and decreased leaching of Ca, Mg, and Sr at 1.2 m, possibly by a combination of retention and crop nutrient uptake.
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“Even with lower N leaching (Major et al. 2010), extractable mineral N may not accumulate in soil, either because of greater plant N uptake (Major et al. 2012) or incorporation in organic N (Güereña et al. 2013).”
From Medium-term effects of corn biochar addition on soil biota activities and functions in a temperate soil cropped to corn (2014) · cites this paper as Major et al. 2012
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Metadata
- Authors
- Major, J., Rondon, M., Molina, D., Riha, S. J., & Lehmann, J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), A.A.; 6713 Cali Colombia
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CO)
- Corresponding author
- Lehmann, Johannes
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Quality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1076-1086
- ISSN
- 0047-2425 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2005588303
- Cited by
- 261
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 29.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Quality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Canada Graduate Scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences at Cornell University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Keywords
- biochar, nutrient leaching, Oxisol, savanna soils, soil pore water, hydraulic conductivity, soil water retention, inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, strontium, maize, soybean, mineral fertilization, soil hydrology
- MeSH terms
- Charcoal, Colombia, Zea mays, Environmental Monitoring, Soil, Glycine max, Time Factors, Water, Water Movements, Ecosystem, Plant Roots
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