Sex Differences in Brain Epigenetics
Abstract
Sexual differentiation of the brain takes place during a perinatal-sensitive time window as a result of gonadal hormone-induced activational and organizational effects on neuronal substrates. Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms can contribute to the establishment and maintenance of some aspects of these processes, and that these epigenetic mechanisms may themselves be under the control of sex hormones. Epigenetic programming of neuroendocrine and behavioral phenotypes frequently occurs sex specifically, pointing to sex differences in brain epigenetics as a possible determinant. Understanding how sex-specific epigenomes and sex-biased responses to environmental cues contribute to the development of brain diseases might provide new insights for epigenetic therapy.
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Previous studies have shown that epigenetics is an important contributor to the sex differences in brain functions and vulnerability to diseases.
“Previous studies have shown that epigenetics is an important contributor to the sex differences in brain functions and vulnerability to diseases [12–16]”
From Sex-specific DNA methylation differences in Alzheimer’s disease pathology (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
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GENETIC BASIS OF GENDER DYSPHORIA
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Additional file 2 of Sex-specific DNA methylation differences in Alzheimer’s disease pathology
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Additional file 1 of Sex-specific DNA methylation differences in Alzheimer’s disease pathology
Zhang, L., Young, J. I., Gomez, L., Silva, T. C., Schmidt, M. A., Cai, J., Chen, X., Martin, E. R., & Wang, L. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14490461
Schrott, R., Modliszewski, J. L., Hawkey, A. B., Grenier, C., Holloway, Z., Evans, J., Pippen, E., Corcoran, D. L., Levin, E. D., & Murphy, S. K. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21077552
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Schrott, R., Modliszewski, J. L., Hawkey, A. B., Grenier, C., Holloway, Z., Evans, J., Pippen, E., Corcoran, D. L., Levin, E. D., & Murphy, S. K. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21077555
Schrott, R., Modliszewski, J. L., Hawkey, A. B., Grenier, C., Holloway, Z., Evans, J., Pippen, E., Corcoran, D. L., Levin, E. D., & Murphy, S. K. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21077549
Zou, Y., Hauser, S. R., Raba, T. J., Bell, R. L., Lai, Z., & Liang, T. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15161494
- Authors
- Menger, Y., Bettscheider, M., Murgatroyd, C., & Spengler, D.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- ORCID
- Murgatroyd, Chris
- Venue
- Epigenomics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-12
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 807-821
- ISSN
- 1750-1911 (ISSN-L)
- 1750-192X
- OpenAlex
- W2001849846
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Epigenomics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- CRESCENDO – European Union (CT-2005-018652)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SP 386/4-2)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Keywords
- sex differences, sexual differentiation of the brain, gonadal hormones, perinatal development, neuroendocrine phenotype, behavioral phenotypes, environmental cues, brain disorders, epigenetic therapy
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Drug Therapy, Female, Gonads, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Phenotype, Receptors, Steroid, Sex Differentiation, Sex Factors, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Epigenesis, Genetic, Epigenomics
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