Intake of Fruit, Vegetables, and Fruit Juices and Risk of Diabetes in Women
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to examine the association between fruit, vegetable, and fruit juice intake and development of type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 71,346 female nurses aged 38–63 years who were free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes in 1984 were followed for 18 years, and dietary information was collected using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire every 4 years. Diagnosis of diabetes was self-reported. RESULTS—During follow-up, 4,529 cases of diabetes were documented, and the cumulative incidence of diabetes was 7.4%. An increase of three servings/day in total fruit and vegetable consumption was not associated with development of diabetes (multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio 0.99 [95% CI 0.94–1.05]), whereas the same increase in whole fruit consumption was associated with a lower hazard of diabetes (0.82 [0.72–0.94]). An increase of 1 serving/day in green leafy vegetable consumption was associated with a modestly lower hazard of diabetes (0.91 [0.84–0.98]), whereas the same change in fruit juice intake was associated with an increased hazard of diabetes (1.18 [1.10–1.26]). CONCLUSIONS—Consumption of green leafy vegetables and fruit was associated with a lower hazard of diabetes, whereas consumption of fruit juices may be associated with an increased hazard among women.
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- Authors
- Bazzano, L. A., Li, T. Y., Joshipura, K. J., & Hu, F. B.
- Affiliations
- Tulane University (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, the University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, School of Dentistry, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2008-07-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1311-1317
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC2453647
- OpenAlex
- W2126386728
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 24.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Dietary Supplements
- National Institutes of Health (DK58845, CA 87969)
- National Cancer Institute (CA-87969, P01CA087969)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK058845, DK58845)
- Office of Research on Women's Health
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K12HD043451, K12-HD43451)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, fruit juice, leafy vegetables, whole fruit, women, dietary risk factors, Nurses' Health Study
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Beverages, Energy Intake, Diabetes Mellitus, Diet, Female, Fruit, Humans, Life Style, Middle Aged, Nurses, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Vegetables, Multivariate Analysis, Proportional Hazards Models
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