Fruit consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three prospective longitudinal cohort studies
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether individual fruits are differentially associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Health professionals in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: 66,105 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2008), 85,104 women from the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2009), and 36,173 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2008) who were free of major chronic diseases at baseline in these studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Incident cases of type 2 diabetes, identified through self report and confirmed by supplementary questionnaires. RESULTS: During 3,464,641 person years of follow-up, 12,198 participants developed type 2 diabetes. After adjustment for personal, lifestyle, and dietary risk factors of diabetes, the pooled hazard ratio of type 2 diabetes for every three servings/week of total whole fruit consumption was 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.97 [corrected] to 0.99). With mutual adjustment of individual fruits, the pooled hazard ratios of type 2 diabetes for every three servings/week were 0.74 (0.66 to 0.83) for blueberries, 0.88 (0.83 to 0.93) for grapes and raisins, 0.89 (0.79 to 1.01) for prunes, 0.93 (0.90 to 0.96) for apples and pears, 0.95 (0.91 to 0.98) for bananas, 0.95 (0.91 to 0.99) for grapefruit, 0.97 (0.92 to 1.02) for peaches, plums, and apricots, 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) for oranges, 1.03 (0.96 to 1.10) for strawberries, and 1.10 (1.02 to 1.18) for cantaloupe. The pooled hazard ratio for the same increment in fruit juice consumption was 1.08 (1.05 to 1.11). The associations with risk of type 2 diabetes differed significantly among individual fruits (P<0.001 in all cohorts). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest the presence of heterogeneity in the associations between individual fruit consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes. Greater consumption of specific whole fruits, particularly blueberries, grapes, and apples, is significantly associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas greater consumption of fruit juice is associated with a higher risk.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Ezetimibe or a PCSK9 inhibitor as add-on to statin therapy reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia.
“Ezetimibe or a PCSK9 inhibitor as add‐on to statin therapy is shown to reduce the incidence of CVD in patients with diabetes and hyper‐LDL‐cholesterolemia 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 (grade B: 88% agreement).”
From Japanese clinical practice guideline for diabetes 2019 (2020) · cites this paper as [29]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus* (2002) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.25.2007.s5 · Cited by 10,320 · see citing works
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.7.1183 · Cited by 6,220 · see citing works
Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance.
National Diabetes Data Group (1979) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.28.12.1039 · Cited by 4,909 · see citing works
Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet
Baur, J. A., Pearson, K. J., Price, N. L., Jamieson, H. A., Lerin, C., Kalra, A., Prabhu, V. V., Allard, J. S., Lopez-Lluch, G., Lewis, K., et al. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05354 · Cited by 4,290 · see citing works
Alternative Dietary Indices Both Strongly Predict Risk of Chronic Disease
Chiuve, S. E., Fung, T. T., Rimm, E. B., Hu, F. B., McCullough, M. L., Wang, M., Stampfer, M. J., & Willett, W. C. (2012) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.111.157222 · Cited by 1,951 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary Fiber, Glycemic Load, and Risk of Non—insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Women
Salmerón, J. (1997) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540300040031 · Cited by 1,804 · see citing works
Flavonoid intake and risk of chronic diseases
Knekt, P., Kumpulainen, J. T., Järvinen, R., Rissanen, H. A., Heliövaara, M., Reunanen, A., Hakulinen, T., & Aromaa, A. (2002) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.3.560 · Cited by 1,748 · see citing works
Dietary Fiber, Glycemic Load, and Risk of NIDDM in Men
Salmerón, J., Ascherio, A., Rimm, E. B., Colditz, G. A., Spiegelman, D., Jenkins, D. J., Stampfer, M. J., Wing, A. L., & Willett, W. C. (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.4.545 · Cited by 1,426 · see citing works
Self-citationTimmers, S., Konings, E., Bilet, L., Houtkooper, R. H., van de Weijer, T., Goossens, G. H., Hoeks, J., van der Krieken, S., Ryu, D., Kersten, S., et al. (2011) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011.10.002 · Cited by 1,320 · see citing works
USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 22
(2018) · Cited by 1,284 · see citing works
Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and incident type 2 diabetes in older women
Meyer, K. A., Kushi, L. H., Jacobs, D. R., Slavin, J., Sellers, T. A., & Folsom, A. R. (2000) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.4.921 · Cited by 1,271 · see citing works
Reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire
Hu, F. B., Rimm, E., Smith-Warner, S. A., Feskanich, D., Stampfer, M. J., Ascherio, A., Sampson, L., & Willett, W. C. (1999) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/69.2.243 · Cited by 1,165 · see citing works
Self-citationPhysical activity and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women
Manson, J. E., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., Rosner, B., Hennekens, C. H., Speizer, F. E., Rimm, E. B., & Krolewski, A. S. (1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)90664-b · Cited by 1,164 · see citing works
Self-citationHu, F. B., Stampfer, M. J., Rimm, E., Ascherio, A., Rosner, B. A., Spiegelman, D., & Willett, W. C. (1999) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009849 · Cited by 1,085 · see citing works
Self-citationFeskanich, D., Rimm, E. B., Giovannucci, E. L., Colditz, G. A., Stampfer, M. J., Litin, L. B., & Willett, W. C. (1993) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/0002-8223(93)91754-e · Cited by 1,070 · see citing works
Self-citationBiological Activities of Polyphenols from Grapes
Xia, E.-Q., Deng, G.-F., Guo, Y.-J., & Li, H.-B. (2010) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms11020622 · Cited by 1,063 · see citing works
Salvini, S., Hunter, D. J., SAMPSON, L., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., ROSNER, B. A., & Willett, W. C. (1989) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/18.4.858 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Self-citationReport of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee On The Diagnosis And Classification Of Diabetes Mellitus (1998) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.21.1.s5 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
Physical Activity and Television Watching in Relation to Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Men
Hu, F. B., Leitzmann, M. F., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., & Rimm, E. B. (2001) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.161.12.1542 · Cited by 828 · see citing works
Self-citationSchulze, M. B., Liu, S., Rimm, E. B., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.2.348 · Cited by 772 · see citing works
Self-citationCarter, P., Gray, L. J., Troughton, J., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c4229 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Depletion and disruption of dietary fibre. Effects on satiety, plasma-glucose, and serum-insulin.
Haber, G., Heaton, K. W., Murphy, D., & Burroughs, L. F. (1977) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90494-9 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Dietary Fat and Meat Intake in Relation to Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Men
van Dam, R. M., Willett, W. C., Rimm, E. B., Stampfer, M. J., & Hu, F. B. (2002) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.25.3.417 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Self-citationMajor Dietary Protein Sources and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women
Bernstein, A. M., Sun, Q., Hu, F. B., Stampfer, M. J., Manson, J. E., & Willett, W. C. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.915165 · Cited by 573 · see citing works
Self-citationTest of the National Death Index and Equifax Nationwide Death Search
Rich-Edwards, J. W., Corsano, K. A., & Stampfer, M. J. (1994) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117191 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Dietary flavonoid intakes and risk of type 2 diabetes in US men and women
Wedick, N. M., Pan, A., Cassidy, A., Rimm, E. B., Sampson, L., ROSNER, B. A., Willett, W. C., Hu, F. B., Sun, Q., & van Dam, R. M. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.028894 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary Patterns, Meat Intake, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women
Fung, T. T., Schulze, M. B., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.20.2235 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Self-citationCoffee, Decaffeinated Coffee, and Tea Consumption in Relation to Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Huxley, R. (2009) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.439 · Cited by 471 · see citing works
High-Dose Resveratrol Supplementation in Obese Men
Poulsen, M. M., Vestergaard, P. F., Clasen, B. F., Radko, Y., Christensen, L. P., Stødkilde-Jørgensen, H., Møller, N., Jessen, N., Pedersen, S. B., & Jørgensen, J. O. L. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-0975 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Takikawa, M., Inoue, S., Horio, F., & Tsuda, T. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.109.118216 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Intake of Fruit, Vegetables, and Fruit Juices and Risk of Diabetes in Women
Bazzano, L. A., Li, T. Y., Joshipura, K. J., & Hu, F. B. (2008) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-0080 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Self-citationUSDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods Release 3.1
Bhagwat, S. A., Haytowitz, D. B., & Holden, J. M. (2015) · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Nakatani, N., Kayano, S.-I., Kikuzaki, H., Sumino, K., Katagiri, K., & Mitani, T. (2000) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf000422s · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Song, Y., Manson, J. E., Buring, J. E., Sesso, H. D., & Liu, S. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2005.10719488 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Self-citationYoshino, J., Conte, C., Fontana, L., Mittendorfer, B., Imai, S., Schechtman, K. B., Gu, C. C., Kunz, I., Fanelli, F. R., Patterson, B. W., et al. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.09.015 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibition and the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Drucker, D. J. (2007) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc07-0228 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women
Salmerón, J. (1997) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.277.6.472 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Dragović‐Uzelac, V., Levaj, B., Mrkić, V., Kovačević, D. B., & Boras, M. (2006) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.04.001 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Fruit and vegetable intake and type 2 diabetes: EPIC-InterAct prospective study and meta-analysis
Cooper, A., Forouhi, N. G., Ye, Z., Buijsse, B., Arriola, L., Balkau, B., Barricarte, A., Beulens, J. W. J., Boeing, H., Büchner, F. L., et al. (2012) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.85 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Ong, K. W., Hsu, A., & Tan, B. K. H. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032718 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
The role of dietary fiber in satiety, glucose, and insulin: studies with fruit and fruit juice
Bolton, R. P., Heaton, K. W., & Burroughs, L. F. (1981) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/34.2.211 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Cooper, A., Sharp, S. J., Lentjes, M. A. H., Luben, R., Khaw, K., Wareham, N. J., & Forouhi, N. G. (2012) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-2388 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Food consumption and the incidence of type II diabetes mellitus
Montonen, J., Järvinen, R., Heliövaara, M., Reunanen, A., Aromaa, A., & Knekt, P. (2005) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602094 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
USDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods Release 3.2
Haytowitz, D. B. (2015) · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Lotito, S. B., & Frei, B. B. (2003) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2003.10.005 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Processed meat intake and incidence of Type 2 diabetes in younger and middle-aged women
Schulze, M. B., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1220-7 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Self-citationLivesey, G., Taylor, R., Livesey, H. F., & Liu, S. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.041467 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
A Prospective Study of Fruit and Vegetable Intake and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women
Liu, S., Serdula, M. K., Janket, S., Cook, N. R., Sesso, H. D., Willett, W. C., Manson, J. E., & Buring, J. E. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.12.2993 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Self-citationVegetable but Not Fruit Consumption Reduces the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Women
Villegas, R., Shu, X. O., Gao, Y., Yang, G., Elasy, T. A., Li, H., & Zheng, W. (2008) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/138.3.574 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Jenkins, D. J. A., Srichaikul, K., Kendall, C. W. C., Sievenpiper, J. L., Abdulnour, S., Mirrahimi, A., Meneses, C., Nishi, S., He, X., Lee, S., et al. (2011) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-010-1927-1 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Dong, J.-Y., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y.-H., & Qin, L.-Q. (2011) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711451100540x · Cited by 124 · see citing works
DPP-IV inhibitory potential of naringin: An in silico, in vitro and in vivo study
Parmar, H. S., Jain, P., Chauhan, D. S., Bhinchar, M. K., Munjal, V., Yusuf, M., Choube, K., Tawani, A., Tiwari, V., Manivannan, E., et al. (2012) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2012.02.011 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Nettleton, J. A., Harnack, L., Scrafford, C., Mink, P. J., Barraj, L. M., & Jacobs, D. R. (2006) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/136.12.3039 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Tunnicliffe, J. M., Eller, L. K., Reimer, R. A., Hittel, D. S., & Shearer, J. (2011) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h11-072 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Kurotani, K., Nanri, A., Goto, A., Mizoue, T., Noda, M., Kato, M., Inoue, M., & Tsugane, S. (2012) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114512001705 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Antioxidant Potential of Peels and Fleshes of Peaches from Different Cultivars
Rossato, S. B., Haas, C. B., Raseira, M. D. C. B., Moreira, J. C. F., & Zuanazzi, J. Â. S. (2009) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2008.0267 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
DIETARY LIPIDS AND SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVEL
Shekelle, R. B., Stamler, J., Paul, O., Shryock, A. M., Liu, S., & Lepper, M. M. (1982) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113332 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Willis, H. J., Thomas, W. T. B., Willis, D. J., & Slavin, J. L. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.03.006 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Dietary flavonoid intakes and risk of type 2 diabetes in US men and women
Wedick, N. M., Pan, A., Cassidy, A., Rimm, E. B., Sampson, L., ROSNER, B. A., Willett, W. C., Willett, W. C., Hu, F. B., Sun, Q., et al. (2012) · SciVee · doi:10.4016/39918.01 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 60 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems
Willett, W., Rockström, J., Loken, B., Springmann, M., Lang, T., Vermeulen, S., Garnett, T., Tilman, D., DeClerck, F., Wood, A., et al. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31788-4 · Cited by 10,880 · see citing works
Self-citationPrevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies
Ley, S. H., Hamdy, O., Mohan, V., & Hu, F. B. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60613-9 · Cited by 1,301 · see citing works
Self-citationSatija, A., Bhupathiraju, S. N., Rimm, E. B., Spiegelman, D., Chiuve, S. E., Borgi, L., Willett, W. C., Manson, J. E., Sun, Q., & Hu, F. B. (2016) · PLOS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002039 · Cited by 1,069 · see citing works
Self-citationImamura, F., O’Connor, L., Ye, Z., Mursu, J., Hayashino, Y., Bhupathiraju, S. N., & Forouhi, N. G. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h3576 · Cited by 977 · see citing works
Self-citationImamura, F., O’Connor, L., Ye, Z., Mursu, J., Hayashino, Y., Bhupathiraju, S. N., & Forouhi, N. G. (2016) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-h3576rep · Cited by 955 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of sugar-sweetened beverages in the global epidemics of obesity and chronic diseases
Malik, V. S., & Hu, F. B. (2022) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00627-6 · Cited by 854 · see citing works
Self-citationSweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: patterns, trends, and policy responses
Popkin, B. M., & Hawkes, C. (2016) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00419-2 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Recent Research on the Health Benefits of Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins
Kalt, W., Cassidy, A., Howard, L. R., Krikorian, R., Stull, A. J., Tremblay, F., & Zamora‐Ros, R. (2019) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmz065 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
Wallace, T. C., Bailey, R. L., Blumberg, J. B., Burton-Freeman, B., Chen, C.-Y. O., Crowe-White, K. M., Drewnowski, A., Hooshmand, S., Johnson, E., Lewis, R., et al. (2020) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2019.1632258 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Japanese clinical practice guideline for diabetes 2019
Araki, E., Goto, A., Kondo, T., Noda, M., Noto, H., Origasa, H., Osawa, H., Taguchi, A., Tanizawa, Y., Tobe, K., et al. (2020) · Diabetology International · doi:10.1007/s13340-020-00439-5 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
The EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy, sustainable, and just food systems
Rockström, J., Thilsted, S. H., Willett, W. C., Gordon, L. J., Herrero, M., Hicks, C. C., Mason-D’Croz, D., Rao, N., Springmann, M., Wright, E. C., et al. (2025) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01201-2 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Self-citationHealth benefits of anthocyanins and molecular mechanisms: Update from recent decade
Li, D., Wang, P., Luo, Y., Zhao, M., & Chen, F. (2017) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2015.1030064 · Cited by 489 · see citing works
Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Lifestyle Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Uusitupa, M. I. J., Khan, T. A., Viguiliouk, E., Kahleová, H., Rivellese, A. A., Hermansen, K., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., Thanopoulou, A. C., Salas‐Salvadó, J., Schwab, U., et al. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11112611 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Oyebode, O., Gordon-Dseagu, V., Walker, A., & Mindell, J. S. (2014) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2013-203500 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mortality
Wang, D. D., Li, Y., Bhupathiraju, S. N., ROSNER, B. A., Sun, Q., Giovannucci, E. L., Rimm, E. B., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., et al. (2021) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.120.048996 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, M., Fan, Y., Zhang, X., Hou, W., & Tang, Z. (2014) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005497 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Cardiometabolic Health: An Update of the Evidence
Malik, V., & Hu, F. B. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11081840 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Self-citationFructose and Cardiometabolic Health
Malik, V. S., & Hu, F. B. (2015) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.025 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Self-citationThe 2015 Dutch food-based dietary guidelines
Kromhout, D., Spaaij, C. J. K., de Goede, J., & Weggemans, R. M. (2016) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.52 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Bodai, B. I., & Tuso, P. (2015) · The Permanente Journal · doi:10.7812/tpp/14-241 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Bertoia, M. L., Mukamal, K. J., Cahill, L. E., Hou, T., Ludwig, D. S., Mozaffarian, D., Willett, W. C., Hu, F. B., & Rimm, E. B. (2015) · PLOS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001878 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
“sugars and is associated with an increased risk of diabetes [12] and greater weight gain [2].”
BackgroundSelf-citationFunctional Foods and Lifestyle Approaches for Diabetes Prevention and Management
Alkhatib, A., Tsang, C., Tiss, A., Bahorun, T., Arefanian, H., Barake, R., Khadir, A., & Tuomilehto, J. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9121310 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Whole Fruits and Fruit Fiber Emerging Health Effects
Dreher, M. L. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10121833 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Nutritional and environmental losses embedded in global food waste
Chen, C., Chaudhary, A., & Mathys, A. (2020) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104912 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes 2019
Araki, E., Goto, A., Kondo, T., Noda, M., Noto, H., Origasa, H., Osawa, H., Taguchi, A., Tanizawa, Y., Tobe, K., et al. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.13306 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Wang, P., Fang, J., Zong-hua, G., Zhang, C. M., & Xie, S. (2015) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.12376 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Dietary carbohydrates: role of quality and quantity in chronic disease
Ludwig, D. S., Hu, F. B., Tappy, L., & Brand-Miller, J. C. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k2340 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
Craig, W. J., Mangels, A. R., Fresán, U., Marsh, K. A., Miles, F. L., Saunders, A. V., Haddad, E. H., Heskey, C. E., JOHNSTON, P. K., Larson‐Meyer, E., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13114144 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Liu, K., Zhou, R., Wang, B., & Mi, M. (2014) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.082024 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
A plant-based diet for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
(2017) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.009 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Promising Health Benefits of the Strawberry: A Focus on Clinical Studies
Afrin, S., Gasparrini, M., Forbes-Hernández, T. Y., Reboredo‐Rodríguez, P., Mezzetti, B., Varela‐López, A., Giampieri, F., & Battino, M. A. (2016) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00857 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Dhalaria, R., Verma, R., Kumar, D., Puri, S., Tapwal, A., Kumar, V., Nepovimová, E., & Kuča, K. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9111123 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Curtis, P. J., van der Velpen, V., Berends, L. M., Jennings, A., Feelisch, M., Umpleby, A. M., Evans, M. L., Fernandez, B. O., Meiss, M. S., Minnion, M., et al. (2018) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy380 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Habitual intake of anthocyanins and flavanones and risk of cardiovascular disease in men,
Cassidy, A., Bertoia, M. L., Chiuve, S. E., Flint, A., Forman, J. P., & Rimm, E. B. (2016) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.133132 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Diet strategies for promoting healthy aging and longevity: An epidemiological perspective
Hu, F. B. (2023) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13728 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Self-citationMasumoto, S., Terao, A., Yamamoto, Y., Mukai, T., Miura, T., & Shoji, T. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep31208 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Polyphenol intake and mortality risk: a re-analysis of the PREDIMED trial
Tresserra‐Rimbau, A., Rimm, E. B., Medina‐Remón, A., Martínez‐González, M. Á., López‐Sabater, M. C., Covas, M. I., Corella, D., Salas‐Salvadó, J., Gómez‐Gracia, E., Lapetra, J., et al. (2014) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-12-77 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Aschoff, J. K., Kaufmann, S., Kalkan, O., Neidhart, S., Carle, R., & Schweiggert, R. M. (2014) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf505297t · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Mytton, O. T., Nnoaham, K. E., Eyles, H. C., Scarborough, P., & Mhurchú, C. N. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-886 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
O’Connor, L., Imamura, F., Lentjes, M. A. H., Khaw, K., Wareham, N. J., & Forouhi, N. G. (2015) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3572-1 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citationTrending Cardiovascular Nutrition Controversies
Freeman, A. M., Morris, P. B., Barnard, N. D., Esselstyn, C. B., Ros, E., Agatston, A. S., Devries, S. R., O’Keefe, J. H., Miller, M. J., Ornish, D. M., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.086 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Ardisson Korat, A. V., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (2014) · Current Nutrition Reports · doi:10.1007/s13668-014-0103-5 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationIntake of Fruit Juice and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Xi, B., Li, S., Liu, Z., Tian, H., Yin, X., Huai, P., Tang, W., Zhou, D., & Steffen, L. M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093471 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Guo, H., & Ling, W. (2015) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-014-9302-z · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Farvid, M. S., Chen, W. Y., Michels, K. B., Cho, E., Willett, W. C., & Eliassen, A. H. (2016) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.i2343 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationTresserra-Rimbau, A., Guasch-Ferré, M., Salas-Salvadó, J., Toledo, E., Corella, D., Castañer, O., Guo, X., Gómez-Gracia, E., Lapetra, J., Arós, F., et al. (2016) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.115.223610 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Farvid, M. S., Chen, W. Y., ROSNER, B. A., Tamimi, R. M., Willett, W. C., & Eliassen, A. H. (2018) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.31653 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Self-citationChoo, V. L., Viguiliouk, E., Mejía, S. B., Cozma, A. I., Khan, T. A., Ha, V., Wolever, T. M. S., Leiter, L. A., Vuksan, V. V. V., Kendall, C. W. C., et al. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k4644 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Interdisziplinäre Leitlinie der Qualität S3 zur „Prävention und Therapie der Adipositas”
Hauner, H., Moss, A., Berg, A., Bischoff, S. C., Colombo‐Benkmann, M., Ellrott, T., Heintze, C., Kanthak, U., Kunze, D., Stefan, N., et al. (2014) · Adipositas - Ursachen Folgeerkrankungen Therapie · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1618857 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Guo, X., Yang, B., Tan, J., Jiang, J., & Li, D. (2016) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.142 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Mohamed, S. F., Mwangi, M., Mutua, M. K., Kibachio, J. M., Abubakar, H., Ndegwa, Z., Owondo, S., Asiki, G., & Kyobutungi, C. K. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6053-x · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Du, H., Li, L., Bennett, D., Yu, C., Turnbull, I. J., Yang, L., Bragg, F., Bian, Z., Chen, Y., Chen, J., et al. (2017) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002279 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationLynch, C., Kristjansdottir, Á. G., Velde, S. J. T., Lien, N., Roos, E., Þórsdóttir, I., Krawinkel, M. B., de Almeida, M. D. V., Papadaki, A., Ribič, C. H., et al. (2014) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980014001347 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Drouin‐Chartier, J., Zheng, Y., Li, Y., Malik, V., Pan, A., Bhupathiraju, S. N., Tobias, D. K., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc19-0734 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, Y., Zhang, D., Jiang, X., & Jiang, W. (2014) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2014.10.004 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Khawandanah, J. (2019) · Nutrition and Diabetes · doi:10.1038/s41387-019-0101-1 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
New insights into red plant pigments: more than just natural colorants
Fernández-López, J. A., Fernández-Lledó, V., & Angosto, J. M. (2020) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d0ra03514a · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Halvorsen, R. E., Elvestad, M., Molin, M., & Aune, D. (2021) · BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health · doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000218 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
A Clinician's Guide to Healthy Eating for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Pallazola, V. A., Davis, D. M., Whelton, S. P., Cardoso, R. N., Latina, J. M., Michos, E. D., Sarkar, S., Blumenthal, R. S., Arnett, D. K., Stone, N. J., et al. (2019) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings Innovations Quality & Outcomes · doi:10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2019.05.001 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Fruits, vegetables, 100% juices, and cognitive function
Lamport, D. J., Saunders, C., Butler, L. T., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2014) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/nure.12149 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Makarova, E., Górnaś, P., Konrāde, I., Tirzīte, D., Cirule, H., Gulbe, A., Pugajeva, I., Segliņa, D., & Dambrova, M. (2014) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.6779 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Leung, C. W., Laraia, B. A., Needham, B. L., Rehkopf, D. H., Adler, N. E., Lin, J., Blackburn, E. H., & Epel, E. S. (2014) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302151 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Dietary Flavonoids in the Prevention of T2D: An Overview
Alkhalidy, H., Wang, Y., & Liu, D. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10040438 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Perspective: Total, Added, or Free? What Kind of Sugars Should We Be Talking About?
Mela, D. J., & Woolner, E. M. (2018) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmx020 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Are Liquid Sugars Different from Solid Sugar in Their Ability to Cause Metabolic Syndrome?
Sundborn, G., Thornley, S., Merriman, T. R., Lang, B., King, C., Lanaspa, M. A., & Johnson, R. J. (2019) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22472 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Chemical quality and nutrient composition of strawberry fruits treated by γ-irradiation
Maraei, R. W., & Elsawy, K. M. (2017) · Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jrras.2016.12.004 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Tolerable upper intake level for dietary sugars
EFSA Panel on Nutrition, N. F. A. F. A. (., Turck, D., Bohn, T., Castenmiller, J. J. M., Henauw, S. D., Hirsch‐Ernst, K. I., Knutsen, H. K., Maciuk, A., Mangelsdorf, I., McArdle, H. J., et al. (2022) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7074 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Systematic Review of Pears and Health
Reiland, H. A., & Slavin, J. L. (2015) · Nutrition Today · doi:10.1097/nt.0000000000000112 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Mediterranean Diet and Incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Women
Hu, Y., Costenbader, K. H., Gao, X., Hu, F. B., Karlson, E. W., & Lü, B. (2014) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.22481 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationSun, Q., Wedick, N. M., Pan, A., Townsend, M. K., Cassidy, A., Franke, A. A., Rimm, E. B., Hu, F. B., & van Dam, R. M. (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-2513 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citationLey, S. H., Korat, A. V. A., Sun, Q., Tobias, D. K., Zhang, C., Qi, L., Willett, W. C., Manson, J. E., & Hu, F. B. (2016) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2016.303314 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationIs Grassfed Meat and Dairy Better for Human and Environmental Health?
Provenza, F. D., Kronberg, S. L., & Gregorini, P. (2019) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00026 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Mykkänen, O. T., Huotari, A., Herzig, K., Dunlop, T. W., Mykkänen, H. M., & Kirjavainen, P. V. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114790 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Ding, M., Pan, A., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., Malik, V., ROSNER, B. A., Giovannucci, E. L., Hu, F. B., & Sun, Q. (2016) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.117 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationOyenihi, A. B., Belay, Z. A., Mditshwa, A., & Caleb, O. J. (2022) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/1750-3841.16155 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Dietary Fibre as a Unifying Remedy for the Whole Spectrum of Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Risk
Bozzetto, L., Costabile, G., Pepa, G. D., Ciciola, P., Vetrani, C., Vitale, M., Rivellese, A. A., & Annuzzi, G. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10070943 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Phenolic Bioactives From Plant-Based Foods for Glycemic Control
Sarkar, D., Christopher, A., & Shetty, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.727503 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Tea consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis update
Yang, J., Mao, Q., Xu, H., Ma, X., & Zeng, C. (2014) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005632 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Trôst, K., Ulaszewska, M., Stanstrup, J., Albanese, D., Filippo, C. D., Tuohy, K. M., Natella, F., Scaccini, C., & Mattivi, F. (2018) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.016 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Castro-Acosta, M. L., Lenihan-Geels, G. N., Corpe, C. P., & Hall, W. L. (2016) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665116000240 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Intakes and sources of dietary sugars and their association with metabolic and inflammatory markers
O’Connor, L., Imamura, F., Brage, S., Griffin, S. J., Wareham, N. J., & Forouhi, N. G. (2017) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2017.05.030 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationCitrus Consumption and Risk of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
Wu, S., Han, J., Feskanich, D., Cho, E., Stampfer, M. J., Willett, W. C., & Qureshi, A. A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2014.57.4111 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationAnti-diabetic actions of Berry polyphenols – Review on proposed mechanisms of action
Edirisinghe, I., & Burton‐Freeman, B. M. (2016) · Journal of Berry Research · doi:10.3233/jbr-160137 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Cereal fiber, fruit fiber, and type 2 diabetes: Explaining the paradox
Davison, K., & Temple, N. J. (2017) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.11.002 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Mutyambizi, C., Booysen, F., Stokes, A. C., Pavlova, M., & Groot, W. N. J. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211208 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Curtis, P. J., Berends, L. M., van der Velpen, V., Jennings, A., Haag, L., Chandra, P., Kay, C. D., Rimm, E. B., & Cassidy, A. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.11.030 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The target cells of anthocyanins in metabolic syndrome
Jiang, X., Li, X., Zhu, C., Sun, J., Tian, L., Chen, W., & Bai, W. (2018) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1491022 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
D’Elia, L., Dinu, M., Sofi, F., Volpe, M., Strazzullo, P., The SINU Working Group, E. B. S., Bordoni, A., Strazzullo, P., Cairella, G., Casiraghi, M. C., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02426-7 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Potential health benefits of (poly)phenols derived from fruit and 100% fruit juice
Ho, K. K. H. Y., Ferruzzi, M. G., & Wightman, J. D. (2019) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz041 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
What’s behind Purple Tomatoes? Insight into the Mechanisms of Anthocyanin Synthesis in Tomato Fruits
Colanero, S., Pierdomenico Perata, A., & Gonzali, S. (2020) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.19.01530 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Stote, K. S., Wilson, M. M., Hallenbeck, D., Thomas, K., Rourke, J. M., Sweeney, M. I., Gottschall‐Pass, K. T., & Gosmanov, A. R. (2020) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/cdn/nzaa030 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Aschoff, J. K., Rolke, C. L., Breusing, N., Bosy‐Westphal, A., Högel, J., Carle, R., & Schweiggert, R. M. (2015) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201500327 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Farvid, M. S., Barnett, J. B., & Spence, N. D. (2021) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-021-01373-2 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Modifiable Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors: 10-Year Health Outcomes From a Health Promotion Program
Byrne, D. W., Rolando, L. A., Aliyu, M. H., McGown, P. W., Connor, L. R., Awalt, B. M., Holmes, M. C., Wang, L., & Yarbrough, M. I. (2016) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.012 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Fallah, A. A., Sarmast, E., & Jafari, T. (2020) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109379 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Burton‐Freeman, B. M., Brzeziński, M., Park, E., Sandhu, A. K., Xiao, D., & Edirisinghe, I. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11040841 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
In vitro assessment of the antihyperglycemic and antioxidant properties of araçá, butiá and pitanga
Vinholes, J. R., Lemos, G. S., Barbieri, R. L., Franzon, R. C., & Vizzotto, M. (2017) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2017.06.005 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Luna‐Vital, D. A., & de Mejı́a, E. G. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200449 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Fructose and Uric Acid: Major Mediators of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Starting at Pediatric Age
Russo, E., Leoncini, G., Esposito, P. B., Garibotto, G., Pontremoli, R., & Viazzi, F. C. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21124479 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
EAT-Lancet Healthy Reference Diet score and diabetes incidence in a cohort of Mexican women
López, G. E., Batis, C., González, C., Chávez, M., Cortés-Valencia, A., López‐Ridaura, R., Lajous, M., & Stern, D. (2022) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-022-01246-8 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
- Authors
- Muraki, I., Imamura, F., Manson, J. E., Hu, F. B., Willett, W. C., van Dam, R. M., & Sun, Q.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sun, Q.
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2013-08-28
- Volume
- 347
- Issue
- aug28 1
- Pages
- f5001-f5001
- ISSN
- 1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3978819
- OpenAlex
- W2010234625
- Cited by
- 544
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 6.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2013-12-04)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12015/5)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R00HL098459)
- National Cancer Institute (CA-167552, CA-87969, CA-55075, P01CA087969, CA50385, UM1CA176726, CA176726, P01CA055075, R01CA050385, UM1CA167552)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK058845, DK-082486, R01DK082486, DK58845, T32DK007703)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, fruit consumption, whole fruit, fruit juice, blueberry, prunes, banana, grapefruit, strawberry, cantaloupe, dietary risk factors, Nurses' Health Study, Health Professionals Follow-up Study, prospective cohort, pooled hazard ratio, diabetes prevention
- MeSH terms
- Beverages, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Fruit, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
