Day Napping and Short Night Sleeping Are Associated With Higher Risk of Diabetes in Older Adults
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OBJECTIVE: To examine whether day napping or short night sleeping is associated with higher risk of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a prospective study of hours of day napping and night sleeping assessed in 1996–1997 in relation to diabetes diagnosed between 2000 and 2006 (n = 10,143) among 174,542 participants in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP Diet and Health Study. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI were derived from multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS: Longer day napping was associated with a higher risk of diabetes. After adjustment for potential confounders, ORs were 1.23 (95% CI 1.18–1.29) for those reporting <1 h and 1.55 (95% CI 1.45–1.66) for those reporting ≥1 h of napping compared with individuals who did not nap (Ptrend < 0.0001). For night sleeping, with 7–8 h as the referent, the OR was 1.46 (95% CI 1.31–1.63) for <5 h, 1.11 (1.06–1.16) for 5–6 h, and 1.11 (0.99–1.24) for ≥9 h. In both analyses, additional adjustment for BMI only modestly attenuated the associations. Further analysis showed a statistically significant interaction between hours of napping and sleeping on diabetes (Pinteraction < 0.0001). Among participants with no napping, only short night sleeping was associated with higher occurrence of diabetes, whereas among those with ≥1 h of napping, both long and short sleeping was associated with higher risk. CONCLUSIONS: Day napping and short night sleeping are associated with higher risk of diabetes. The association between sleep duration and diabetes may be modified by napping habit.
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A recent study of 174,542 middle-aged subjects showed that short sleepers had an OR of 1.46 (1.31-1.63) for developing diabetes after 3-10 years of follow-up.
“A recent study of 174,542 middle-aged subjects showed that short sleepers had an OR of 1.46 (1.31–1.63) for developing diabetes after 3–10 years of follow-up.30”
From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [30]
Some studies observed a U-shaped association between short sleep duration and diabetes.
“Many studies reported increased odds of diabetes associated with short sleep duration (≤5h and/or ≤6h) and some observed a U-shaped association [183–187].”
From Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities (2016) · cites this paper as [187]
Many studies reported increased odds of diabetes associated with short sleep duration (≤5h and/or ≤6h).
“Many studies reported increased odds of diabetes associated with short sleep duration (≤5h and/or ≤6h) and some observed a U-shaped association [183–187].”
From Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities (2016) · cites this paper as [187]
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- [1]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. QuickStats: percentage of adults aged >18 years who reported an average of <6 hours of sleep per 24-hour period, by sex and age group—National Health Interview Survey, United States, 1985 and 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008; 57: 209
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- Authors
- Xu, Q., Song, Y., Hollenbeck, A., Blair, A., Schatzkin, A., & Chen, H.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- AARP (US)
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Honglei
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2009-10-13
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 78-83
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC2797990
- OpenAlex
- W2163916656
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 9.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1z01es101986-03, Z01-ES101986)
- National Cancer Institute (Z01CP010196)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES 101986)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- short sleep duration, diabetes risk, older adults, sleep duration, body mass index, NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Cohort Studies, Odds Ratio
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