Cited by 520Sleep and related disordersSleep and Work-Related FatigueCircadian rhythm and melatonin

Sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: A review of the epidemiologic evidence

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Knutson, Kristen L.·2010·Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Abstract

Laboratory studies have found that short-term sleep restriction is associated with impairments in glucose metabolism, appetite regulation and blood pressure regulation. This chapter reviews the epidemiologic evidence for an association between habitual sleep duration and quality and risk of cardiometabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes and hypertension. Multiple studies observed a cross-sectional association between short sleep duration (generally <6 h per night) and increased body mass index or obesity, prevalent diabetes and prevalent hypertension. Many studies also reported an association between self-reported long sleep duration (generally >8 h per night) and cardiometabolic disease. There have been a few prospective studies and several, but not all, have found an association between short sleep and incident diabetes, hypertension and markers of cardiovascular disease. Future prospective epidemiologic studies need to include objective measures of sleep, and intervention studies are needed in order to establish a causal link between impaired or insufficient sleep and cardiometabolic disease risk.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.beem.2010.07.001

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  • Prospective epidemiologic studies indicate that insufficient sleep is associated with a higher risk of insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes.

    “Insufficient sleep increases the risk for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, suggesting that sleep restriction may impair peripheral metabolic pathways.”

    From Impaired Insulin Signaling in Human Adipocytes After Experimental Sleep Restriction: A Randomized, Crossover Study (2012) · cites this paper as [8]

    The “Sleep and diabetes” section reports that prospective studies associate short sleep with incident diabetes, and “Sleep and BMI, obesity and appetite regulation” reports prospective associations with weight gain and childhood obesity. The paper discusses insulin resistance as a possible metabolic consequence in “Potential Mechanisms,” not as a risk established by prospective epidemiologic studies. It also cautions that observational evidence does not establish the causal claim that insufficient sleep increases these risks. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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  • Chronic sleep loss adversely affects glucose tolerance and cardiovascular function.

    “Shift work is generally associated with chronic sleep loss, which adversely affects glucose tolerance and cardiovascular function (10–13).”

    From Circadian Misalignment Augments Markers of Insulin Resistance and Inflammation, Independently of Sleep Loss (2014) · cites this paper as [11]

    The Potential Mechanisms section links sleep loss to reduced glucose tolerance and describes changes in cardiac autonomic balance and blood pressure after sleep restriction. But the Introduction says laboratory studies were short-term, and the Summary treats the effects of insufficient sleep on cardiometabolic risk as suggestive; the paper does not establish that chronic sleep loss causes these effects. Page numbers were not provided. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • The association of sleep duration with bodyweight appears to be best described by a U-shape, where long sleep durations may also be associated with increased bodyweight.

    “We also note that the association of sleep duration with bodyweight appears to be best described by a U-shape, where long sleep durations may also be associated with increased bodyweight.108”
  • Prospective epidemiologic studies strongly suggest that subjective short or long sleep duration and sleep disturbances predict the development of diabetes.

    “Thus, taken together, prospective epidemiologic studies strongly suggest that subjective short or long sleep duration and sleep disturbances predict the development of diabetes.”

    From Sleep and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as [80]

  • Short sleep duration predicted a higher incidence of diabetes in seven of nine prospective studies, while poor sleep quality was associated with increased risk in five of six studies.

    “Short sleep duration (mostly ≤5and/or ≤6h) was found to predict a higher incidence of diabetes in seven of the nines studies, while poor sleep quality was associated with an increased risk of diabetes in five of the six studies [80].”

    From Sleep and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as [80]

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  1. [51]Houyez F Sommeil et hypertension artérielle Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1990 83 1085 1088 2124445

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Authors
Knutson, K. L.
Affiliations
University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author
Knutson, Kristen L.
Venue
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-10
Volume
24
Issue
5
Pages
731-743
ISSN
1521-690X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2043746871
Cited by
520
References
94
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 53 · 2012: 35
FWCI
4.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P30HL101859)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords
sleep duration, sleep quality, cardiometabolic risk, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, body mass index, glucose metabolism, blood pressure regulation, appetite regulation, cardiovascular disease, long sleep, short sleep duration
MeSH terms
Appetite Regulation, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Models, Biological, Obesity, Risk Factors, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Body Mass Index

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