Cited by 295Nutrition and Health in AgingBalance, Gait, and Falls PreventionFrailty in Older Adults

Role of muscle mass and muscle quality in the association between diabetes and gait speed

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Volpato, Stefano, Bianchi, Lara, Lauretani, Fulvio, Lauretani, Fabrizio, Bandinelli, Stefania, Guralnik, Jack M., Zuliani, Giovanni, Ferrucci, Luigi·2012·Diabetes Care

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Older people with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of mobility disability. We investigated the association of diabetes with lower-limb muscle mass and muscle quality to verify whether diabetes-related muscle impairments mediate the association between diabetes and low walking speed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 835 participants (65 years old and older) enrolled in the InCHIANTI (Invecchiare in Chianti, aging in the Chianti area) population-based study. Total, muscular, and fat cross-sectional areas of the calf and relative muscle density were measured using peripheral quantitative computerized tomography. Indicators of muscle performance included knee-extension torque, ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion strength, lower-extremity muscle power, and ankle muscle quality (ratio of ankle strength to the muscle area [kilograms per centimeters squared]). Gait performance was assessed by 4- and 400-m walking speed. Diabetes was ascertained by standard American Diabetes Association criteria. RESULTS: Prevalence of diabetes was 11.4%. After adjustment for age and sex, participants with diabetes had lower muscle density, knee and ankle strength, and muscle power and worse muscle quality (all P < 0.05). Diabetic participants were also slower on both 4-m (β: −0.115 ± 0.024 m/s, P < 0.001) and 400-m (β:−0.053 ± 0.023 m/s, P < 0.05) walking tests. In multivariable linear regression models, lower-limb muscle characteristics accounted for 24.3 and 15.1% of walking speed difference comparing diabetic and nondiabetic subjects in the 4- and 400-m walks, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In older persons, diabetes is associated with reduced muscle strength and worse muscle quality. These impairments are important contributors of walking limitations related to diabetes.

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Authors
Volpato, S., Bianchi, L., Lauretani, F., Lauretani, F., Bandinelli, S., Guralnik, J. M., Zuliani, G., & Ferrucci, L.
Affiliations
  • University of Ferrara (IT)
  • Ospedale di Parma (IT)
  • Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze (IT)
  • University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
  • National Institute on Aging (US)
Corresponding author
Volpato, Stefano
Venue
Diabetes Care
Published
2012-07-14
Volume
35
Issue
8
Pages
1672-1679
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
OpenAlex
W2164208500
Cited by
294
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 4
FWCI
10.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Ministero della Salute (ICS 110.1/RF97.71, 263 MD 821336, 263 MD 9164)
  • National Institute on Aging (263 MD 9164, 821336, ICS 110.1/RF97.71, 263MD821336)
  • National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (263MD9164, 263MD 821336, R01MD009164)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
Keywords
type 2 diabetes, walking speed, muscle mass, muscle quality, muscle density, muscle strength, muscle power, lower limb muscles, older adults, mobility impairment, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, knee extension torque, ankle dorsiflexion strength, InCHIANTI cohort
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Gait, Humans, Male, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Strength

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