Accelerated Loss of Skeletal Muscle Strength in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
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OBJECTIVE—It has been shown that adults with either long-standing type 1 or type 2 diabetes had lower skeletal muscle strength than nondiabetic adults in cross-sectional studies. The aim of the study was to investigate longitudinal changes of muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling older adults with and without type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We examined leg and arm muscle mass and strength at baseline and 3 years later in 1,840 older adults aged 70–79 years in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Regional muscle mass was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and muscle strength was measured using isokinetic and isometric dynamometers. RESULTS—Older adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 305) showed greater declines in the leg muscle mass (−0.29 ± 0.03 vs. −0.23 ± 0.01 kg, P < 0.05) and strength (−16.5 ± 1.2 vs. −12.4 ± 0.5 Nm, P = 0.001) compared with older adults without diabetes. Leg muscle quality, expressed as maximal strength per unit of muscle mass (Newton meters per kilogram), also declined more rapidly in older adults with diabetes (−1.6 ± 0.2 vs. −1.2 ± 0.1 Nm/kg, P < 0.05). Changes in arm muscle strength and quality were not different between those with and without diabetes. Rapid declines in leg muscle strength and quality were attenuated but remained significant after controlling for demographics, body composition, physical activity, combined chronic diseases, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. CONCLUSIONS—In older adults, type 2 diabetes is associated with accelerated loss of leg muscle strength and quality.
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Diabetes in the aging population is associated with reduced muscle strength, poor muscle quality, and accelerated loss of muscle mass, which may result in sarcopenia and/or osteopenia.
“Diabetes in the aging population is associated with reduced muscle strength, poor muscle quality, and accelerated loss of muscle mass, which may result in sarcopenia and/or osteopenia (74,75).”
From 13. Older Adults: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i> (2024) · cites this paper as [74]
The Results (p. 1) report greater losses of leg muscle mass, strength, and quality in older adults with type 2 diabetes. The discussion (p. 3) defines sarcopenia as decreased skeletal muscle mass, making it a plausible implication of the findings. The paper does not address osteopenia or show that these muscle changes result in it. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDiabetes in the aging population is associated with reduced muscle strength, poor muscle quality, and accelerated loss of muscle mass, which may result in sarcopenia or dynapenia and/or osteopenia.
“Diabetes in the aging population is associated with reduced muscle strength, poor muscle quality, and accelerated loss of muscle mass, which may result in sarcopenia or dynapenia (76) and/or osteopenia (77,78).”
From 13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [77]
Diabetes is associated with accelerated loss of muscle mass and strength; this loss is greater with longer diabetes duration or higher HbA1c and is attenuated by insulin sensitisers.
“In both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, accelerated loss of muscle mass and strength is recorded in individuals with diabetes, is greater with longer diabetes duration or higher HbA1c, and is attenuated by use of insulin sensitisers.36-38”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [37]
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- Authors
- Park, S. W., Goodpaster, B. H., Strotmeyer, E. S., Kuller, L. H., Broudeau, R., Kammerer, C., de Rekeneire, N., Harris, T. B., Schwartz, A. V., Tylavsky, F. A., Cho, Y.-W., Newman, A. B., & for the Health, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- CHA University (KR)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2007-06-01
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1507-1512
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2129871296
- Cited by
- 766
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 49 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 7.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (N01‐AG‐6–2101, N01AG62106, N01-AG-62103)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, muscle quality, older adults, lower limb muscles, arm muscles, muscle strength decline, longitudinal change, interleukin-6, TNF-α, physical activity, chronic disease
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Anthropometry, Body Composition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, Muscle, Skeletal, Hand Strength, Muscle Strength
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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