Collagen fragmentation promotes oxidative stress and elevates matrix metalloproteinase-1 in fibroblasts in aged human skin
Open accessAbstract
Aged human skin is fragile because of fragmentation and loss of type I collagen fibrils, which confer strength and resiliency. We report here that dermal fibroblasts express increased levels of collagen-degrading matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1) in aged (>80 years old) compared with young (21 to 30 years old) human skin in vivo. Transcription factor AP-1 and alpha2beta1 integrin, which are key regulators of MMP-1 expression, are also elevated in fibroblasts in aged human skin in vivo. MMP-1 treatment of young skin in organ culture causes fragmentation of collagen fibrils and reduces fibroblast stretch, consistent with reduced mechanical tension, as observed in aged human skin. Limited fragmentation of three-dimensional collagen lattices with exogenous MMP-1 also reduces fibroblast stretch and mechanical tension. Furthermore, fibroblasts cultured in fragmented collagen lattices express elevated levels of MMP-1, AP-1, and alpha2beta1 integrin. Importantly, culture in fragmented collagen raises intracellular oxidant levels and treatment with antioxidant MitoQ(10) significantly reduces MMP-1 expression. These data identify positive feedback regulation that couples age-dependent MMP-1-catalyzed collagen fragmentation and oxidative stress. We propose that this self perpetuating cycle promotes human skin aging. These data extend the current understanding of the oxidative theory of aging beyond a cellular-centric view to include extracellular matrix and the critical role that connective tissue microenvironment plays in the biology of aging.
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MitoQ has been tested successfully in human diseases such as Hepatitis C induced liver disease and skin photo damage and in experimental animal models including ischemia-reperfusion, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and alcohol-induced hepatosteatosis.
“For example, Mitoquinone (MitoQ) has been tested successfully in human diseases such as Hepatitis C induced liver disease and skin photo damage as well as a number of experimental animal models including ischemia-reperfusion, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and alcohol-induced hepatosteatosis [8–14].”
From Mitochondrially targeted compounds and their impact on cellular bioenergetics (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 1 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIncreased expression of MMP-1 can be both age- and ROS-dependent.
“The increased expression of MMP-1 can be both age- and ROS-dependent”
From Redox control of senescence and age-related disease. (2017) · cites this paper as [138]
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Research works printed but not linked: 5
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- Authors
- Fisher, G. J., Quan, T., Purohit, T., Shao, Y., Cho, M. K., He, T., Varani, J., Kang, S., & Voorhees, J. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fisher, Gary J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Pathology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 174
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 101-114
- ISSN
- 0002-9440 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2631323
- OpenAlex
- W1983125814
- Cited by
- 487
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 16.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal Of Pathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (NIH5P60 DK20572, DK20572)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG019364, AG019364)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (5P60DK-20572, P60DK020572)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Keywords
- skin aging, collagen fragmentation, MMP-1, oxidative stress, dermal fibroblasts, AP-1 transcription factor, alpha2beta1 integrin, collagen fibrils, extracellular matrix, mechanical tension, MitoQ, antioxidants
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, 80 and over, Antioxidants, Fibroblasts, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Organ Culture Techniques, RNA, Messenger, Blotting, Western, Skin Aging, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Transcription Factor AP-1, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1, Collagen Type I, Integrin alpha2beta1, Microdissection
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