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The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows
Open accessAbstract
Chopped barley forage was ensiled untreated or treated with several doses (1 x 10(5) to 1 x 10(6) cfu/g of fresh forage) of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 in laboratory silos and untreated or treated (4 x 10(5) cfu/g) in a farm silo. Silage from the farm silos was fed to lactating cows. In the laboratory silo, the effects of inoculation on fermentation and aerobic stability were also compared to silage treated with a commercial inoculant and a buffered propionic acid additive. Inoculation with L. buchneri 40788 decreased the final concentrations of lactic acid but increased concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol in silage from laboratory and farm silos. Silages stored in laboratory silos did not heat after exposure to air for 7 d and were then mixed with alfalfa silage and a concentrate to form total mixed rations (TMR) that were further exposed to air. The TMR containing silages treated with L. buchneri 40788 or a buffered propionic-acid-based additive took longer to heat and spoil than the TMR containing untreated silage or silagetreated with the commercial inoculant. Silage stored in a farm silo and treated with L. buchneri 40788 had fewer yeasts and molds than did untreated silage. Aerobic stability was greater in treated silage alone and in a TMR containing treated silage. Dry matter intake (18.6 kg/d), milk production (25.7 kg/d), and milk composition did not differ between cows fed a TMR containinguntreated or treated silage. These findings show that L. buchneri can improve the aerobic stability of barley silage in laboratory and farm silos and that feeding treated silage had no negative effect on intake or performance.
Overview
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
Treating whole-plant barley silage with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 increased acetic acid and ethanol, reduced lactic acid, improved aerobic stability in laboratory and farm silos, and had no negative effect on intake or milk production in lactating dairy cows. The highest laboratory dose was most effective for TMR stability, while farm-treated silage had fewer yeasts and longer stability than untreated.
Key findings
- In laboratory silos after 120 d, L. buchneri 40788 lowered lactic acid (control 3.53% vs 2.11–2.51% for LB1–LB3) and raised acetic acid (control 2.48% vs 4.06–4.98%) and ethanol (control 0.43% vs average 0.91% for treated); propionic acid was greater for LB2 (1.29%) and LB3 (1.44%) than control (0.28%).
- Laboratory silages did not heat after 7 d air exposure, but TMR containing L. buchneri-treated barley was more stable than TMR with untreated silage (95 h); BPA was 105 h and LB1/LB2 averaged 106 h, with the highest dose most effective.
- In the farm silo after 10 mo, treated barley silage had fewer yeasts (2.63 vs 4.89 log10 cfu/g) and greater aerobic stability (190 h vs 66 h) than untreated; TMR stability was also greater with treated silage.
- Lactation study: DMI (18.6 kg/d), milk production (25.7 kg/d), and milk composition did not differ between cows fed TMR containing untreated vs treated barley silage.
Methods
- Laboratory silo study: chopped whole-plant barley wilted to ~36% DM, ensiled in macro silos in triplicate with untreated, L. buchneri 40788 at 1 × 10^5, 5 × 10^5, or 1 × 10^6 cfu/g plus enzymes, a commercial inoculant, or a buffered propionic acid additive; stored 120 d at 20–27°C, then analyzed for fermentation, microbes, DM recovery, and aerobic stability alone and in TMR.
- Lactation study: barley harvested at early heading, wilted to ~40% DM, ensiled untreated or treated with L. buchneri 40788 at 4 × 10^5 cfu/g in a bag silo; after 10 mo, 20 Holstein cows (14 multiparous, 6 primiparous; average 25 kg milk/d, 184 ± 28 DIM) were used in a crossover design with two 4-wk periods, last 2 wk collection, fed TMR with 35% untreated or treated barley silage, 15% corn silage, 50% concentrate.
- Analyses: microbial data log10-transformed; chemical data on DM basis; ANOVA via SAS GLM, Tukey’s test, P < 0.05.
Limitations
- Stated: the lactation study was designed to evaluate potential negative effects of feeding L. buchneri-treated silage during moderate weather (22–28°C), not to show positive effects under severely hot weather and/or poor management.
- Stated: 1,2-propanediol was not measured, and some findings (e.g., propionic acid increases, lower starch/CP in LB2) were unexplained.
- Evident: the farm-scale silo comparison used one bag silo split into untreated and treated halves rather than replicated farm silos; laboratory silages did not heat after 7 d, so TMR stability was assessed using alfalfa silage with high yeast/mold counts (5.17 and 3.00 log10 cfu/g) that spoiled after 124 h.
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Claims the paper makes
62 Own result · 15 Not checked yet · 6 No basis given · 5 Own interpretation · 3 Own method · 2 Partly supported · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“As in past studies, treatment with L. buchneri 40788 and enzymes had no effects on the ADF, NDF, CP, or starch content of silage (Ranjit and Kung, 2000;Kung and Ranjit, 2001).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Ranjit and Kung, 2000 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Silage Composition section (page not specified) reports no treatment effect on CP or ADF and no NDF difference for the L. buchneri treatments. This paper does not report starch content or test a treatment combining L. buchneri 40788 with enzymes, so it supports only part of the attributed claim. (LLM, conf=0.88)
- Partly supportedcites Kung and Ranjit, 2001 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results (page not provided) report that L. buchneri did not affect CP, and that the two higher application rates with enzymes did not affect fiber or starch content. But the lowest rate increased starch and reduced NDF, so the claim of no effects across treatments is too broad. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The TMR containing silages treated with L. buchneri 40788 or a buffered propionicacid-based additive took longer to heat and spoil than the TMR containing untreated silage or silage treated with the commercial inoculant.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Dry matter intake (18.6 kg/d), milk production (25.7 kg/d), and milk composition did not differ between cows fed a TMR containing untreated or treated silage.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
“Dry matter intake, milk production, and milk composition were not different between treatments (Table 7).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Aerobic stability was greater in treated silage alone and in a TMR containing treated silage.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
“The aerobic stability of untreated silage was 66 h, whereas treated silage was stable for 190 h.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Dry matter intake (18.6 kg/d), milk production (25.7 kg/d), and milk composition did not differ between cows fed a TMR containing untreated or treated silage.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
“Dry matter intake, milk production, and milk composition were not different between treatments (Table 7).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The TMR containing silages treated with L. buchneri 40788 or a buffered propionicacid-based additive took longer to heat and spoil than the TMR containing untreated silage or silage treated with the commercial inoculant.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inoculation with L. buchneri 40788 decreased the final concentrations of lactic acid but increased concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol in silage from laboratory and farm silos.”
- Also stated in: § Laboratory Silo Study · plain
“Concentrations of lactic acid were lower in silages treated with L. buchneri 40788 when compared to other silages.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · hedged
“Treated silage also had a tendency (P < 0.08) for a lower concentration of lactic acid but higher concentration of acetic acid than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Laboratory Silo Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Silage stored in a farm silo and treated with L. buchneri 40788 had fewer yeasts and molds than did untreated silage.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
“Untreated silage contained 4.89 log 10 cfu of yeasts per gram of silage, but treated silage had only 2.63 log 10 cfu of yeasts per gram of silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inoculation with L. buchneri 40788 decreased the final concentrations of lactic acid but increased concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol in silage from laboratory and farm silos.”
- Also stated in: § Laboratory Silo Study · plain
“In contrast, the concentrations of acetic acid were greater in all silages treated with L. buchneri 40788.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · hedged
“Treated silage also had a tendency (P < 0.08) for a lower concentration of lactic acid but higher concentration of acetic acid than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Laboratory Silo Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The TMR containing silages treated with L. buchneri 40788 or a buffered propionicacid-based additive took longer to heat and spoil than the TMR containing untreated silage or silage treated with the commercial inoculant.”
- Also stated in: § Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002 · plain
“All TMR containing barley silages inoculated with L. buchneri 40788 were more stable than the TMR containing untreated silage (95 h).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002 · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Silages stored in laboratory silos did not heat after exposure to air for 7 d”
- Also stated in: § Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002 · plain
“After exposure to air for 7 d, barley silage from laboratory silos did not heat (data not shown).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002 · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The TMR containing silages treated with L. buchneri 40788 or a buffered propionicacid-based additive took longer to heat and spoil than the TMR containing untreated silage or silage treated with the commercial inoculant.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Aerobic stability was greater in treated silage alone and in a TMR containing treated silage.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
“The aerobic stability of the TMR was greater when it contained barley treated with L. buchneri 40788.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inoculation with L. buchneri 40788 decreased the final concentrations of lactic acid but increased concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol in silage from laboratory and farm silos.”
- Also stated in: § Laboratory Silo Study · plain
“treatment with L. buchneri 40788 caused an increase in the accumulation of ethanol in silages (0.43% in untreated silage and an average of 0.91% in silages treated with LB 40788).”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
“Treated silage also had a higher concentration of ethanol than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Laboratory Silo Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Silage stored in a farm silo and treated with L. buchneri 40788 had fewer yeasts and molds than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In our farm silages, treatment with L. buchneri 40788 decreased the numbers of yeasts and molds and increased aerobic stability when compared to untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The current study provides evidence that when applied at ensiling, L. buchneri 40788 can improve the aerobic stability of barley silage when made in laboratory and farm-scale silos.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Treated silage also had a tendency (P < 0.08) for a lower concentration of lactic acid but higher concentration of acetic acid than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Lactation Study
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Alfalfa silage alone spoiled after 124 h of exposure to air.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
plainSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Our results showed that feeding silage treated with L. buchneri 40788, which contained a high concentration of acetic acid, had no effect on the DMI or production of lactating cows.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After 120 d of ensiling in laboratory silos, the concentrations of WSC, CP, ADF, NDF, and starch were not affected by treatment (Table 2).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In laboratory silos, all rates of application of L. buchneri 40788 (1 × 10 5 to 1 × 10 6 cfu/g) increased the number of hours that a TMR remained stable when exposed to air, but the highest dose was most effective.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Barley ensiled in laboratory silos with L. buchneri 40788 had lower concentrations of lactic acid but increased concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol when compared to untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An exception in this study was a lower concentration of starch and CP in silage treated with LB2, and we have no explanation for this finding.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Barley ensiled in laboratory silos with L. buchneri 40788 had lower concentrations of lactic acid but increased concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol when compared to untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As found in the laboratory study, mixing silage from a farm-scale silo that had been treated with L. buchneri 40788 to make a TMR improved its aerobic stability.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yeasts ranged from 4.46 to 5.83 log 10 cfu/g, and molds ranged from 3.85 to 4.50 log 10 cfu/g.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because the numbers of yeasts and molds were low in all silages stored in the laboratory silos, these silages remained stable even after 7 d of exposure to air.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, the concentrations of propionic acid were greater in silages treated with LB2 (1.29%) and LB3 (1.44%) than in untreated silage (0.28%).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Dry matter intake (18.6 kg/d), milk production (25.7 kg/d), and milk composition did not differ between cows fed a TMR containing untreated or treated silage.”
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
“Dry matter intake, milk production, and milk composition were not different between treatments (Table 7).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Lactation Study · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, silage treated with the buffered propionic acid preservative improved the aerobic stability of the TMR to an extent that was similar to that found from TMR made with barley silage treated with 1 and 5 × 10 5 cfu/g of L. buchneri 40788.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Our results showed that feeding silage treated with L. buchneri 40788, which contained a high concentration of acetic acid, had no effect on the DMI or production of lactating cows.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, when these silages were mixed with untreated alfalfa silage and a dairy concentrate to make an experimental TMR, the aerobic stabilities of the TMR were better when they contained silages that had been treated with L. buchneri 40788.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When compared to untreated silage, inoculation with the commercial inoculant had few effects on the fermentation of barley silage in laboratory silos, with the exception of a lower concentration of butyric acid.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In our farm silages, treatment with L. buchneri 40788 decreased the numbers of yeasts and molds and increased aerobic stability when compared to untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The pH of treated silages were not different when compared to the pH of untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, propionic acid was not detected in any of our silages from the farm silo.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After the 10 mo of storage, barley silage treated with L. buchneri 40788 fed during the lactation study had slightly greater concentrations of ADF and NDF than did untreated silage (Table 4).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Lactation Study
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“but silage treated with BPA was as stable (105 h) as silages treated with LB1 and LB2 (average 106 h).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Barley ensiled in laboratory silos with L. buchneri 40788 had lower concentrations of lactic acid but increased concentrations of acetic acid and ethanol when compared to untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When compared to untreated silage, inoculation with the commercial inoculant had few effects on the fermentation of barley silage in laboratory silos, with the exception of a lower concentration of butyric acid.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Treatments also had no effects on the recovery of DM when compared to untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In general, increasing the application of L. buchneri 40788 above 1 × 10 5 cfu/g had few effects on these end products.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Treated silage also had a tendency (P < 0.08) for a lower concentration of lactic acid but higher concentration of acetic acid than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Lactation Study
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because the numbers of yeasts and molds were low in all silages stored in the laboratory silos, these silages remained stable even after 7 d of exposure to air.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the current study, barley silages that had been treated with L. buchneri 40788 and stored in laboratory silos had greater concentrations of propionic acid than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Only BPA had detectable concentrations of propionic acid (0.28%).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The commercial inoculant also had no effect on the aerobic stability of the TMR, and although it contained propionibacteria, it did not contain higher concentrations of propionic acid.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Our barley silage stored in the farm silo and treated with 4 × 10 5 cfu/g of L. buchneri 40788 also had a concentration of acetic acid that was greater (>40%) than that found in untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Treatment with IN had no effect on aerobic stability”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Treatment with IN and BPA had no effects on the concentrations of these acids compared with untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The commercial inoculant also had no effect on the aerobic stability of the TMR, and although it contained propionibacteria, it did not contain higher concentrations of propionic acid.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Treated silage also had a higher concentration of ethanol than did untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Lactation Study
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An exception in this study was a lower concentration of starch and CP in silage treated with LB2, and we have no explanation for this finding.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Feeding cows a TMR containing silage treated with L. buchneri 40788 had no adverse effects on DM intake or milk production.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Addition of 0.2% (wt/wt) of a buffered propionic acid-based additive to barley forage also improved the aerobic stability of a TMR to an extent similar to that found with the low and moderate dose of L. buchneri 40788, but it was not as effective as the highest dose of L. buchneri 40788.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The addition of a commercial inoculant to barley silage in laboratory silos did not affect the aerobic stability of a TMR containing that silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Addition of 0.2% (wt/wt) of a buffered propionic acid-based additive to barley forage also improved the aerobic stability of a TMR to an extent similar to that found with the low and moderate dose of L. buchneri 40788, but it was not as effective as the highest dose of L. buchneri 40788.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Feeding cows a TMR containing silage treated with L. buchneri 40788 had no adverse effects on DM intake or milk production.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In laboratory silos, all rates of application of L. buchneri 40788 (1 × 10 5 to 1 × 10 6 cfu/g) increased the number of hours that a TMR remained stable when exposed to air, but the highest dose was most effective.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Our study was not designed to show potential positive effects of animals fed silages treated with L. buchneri 40788 when compared to untreated silage under conditions of severely hot weather and/or poor management.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“When the current study was undertaken, only one other study had been conducted where silage treated with L. buchneri was fed to lactating cows (Driehuis et al., 1999b).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Driehuis et al., 1999b
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, silage treated with L. buchneri 40788 often has a moderately high concentration of ethanol despite having lower numbers of yeasts, which are inhibited by the higher concentration of acetic acid.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Higher concentrations of acetic acid inhibit yeasts.
In the paper
“Driehuis et al. (1999b) also reported that cows fed silage treated with L. buchneri 40788 consumed similar amounts of DM, as did cows fed a diet with untreated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Driehuis et al. (1999b)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“In contrast, and inexplicably, applying L. buchneri 40788 at rates of at least 5 × 10 5 cfu/g of fresh forage were required to elicit similar changes in corn silage (Ranjit and Kung, 2000).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ranjit and Kung, 2000 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“However, after evaluating 136 grass silages, Steen et al. (1998) concluded that silage intake was not closely related to products of fermentation such as lactic acid or VFA.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Steen et al. (1998) source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“However, this tenet is controver-sial, as few strong relations between silage acids and intake have been observed in recent summaries (Steen et al., 1998;Wright et al., 2000).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Diets met all requirements for lactating cows (NRC, 1989).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites NRC, 1989
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Yeasts that assimilate lactic acid usually initiate the spoilage process (Woolford, 1990)”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Woolford, 1990 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“The change in fermentation end products that we observed in laboratory and farm silos were consistent with the anaerobic degradation pathway of lactic acid to acetic acid, ethanol, and 1,2 propanediol (not measured in our study) by L. buchneri 40788 proposed by Oude Elferink et al. (2001).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Oude Elferink et al. (2001) source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“feeding spoiled silage can result in reduced intake and animal performance (Hoffman and Ocker, 1997;Whitlock et al., 2000).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Hoffman and Ocker, 1997
- Not checked yetcites Whitlock et al., 2000
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These findings show that L. buchneri can improve the aerobic stability of barley silage in laboratory and farm silos”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These results show that treating barley silage with L. buchneri 40788 can improve the aerobic stability of barley silage alone or when combined in a TMR via production of moderate amounts of acetic acid in laboratory and field conditions.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 8
- Probably not a substantial claim. 13
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Treatment with L. buchneri 40788 has also increased the concentrations of propionic acid in some (Driehuis et , 1999a;Kung and Ranjit, 2001) but not all silages (Ranjit and Kung, 2000), and the reason for this finding is unclear at this time.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Driehuis et , 1999a
- Partly supportedcites Kung and Ranjit, 2001 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results and Discussion report increased propionic acid in barley silage treated with L. buchneri, supporting this paper’s citation for an increase in some silages. The Materials and Methods identify the organism only as L. buchneri, not strain 40788, so our copy does not verify the strain-specific attribution. The citing sentence assigns the ‘not all’ finding to a different citation. (LLM, conf=0.82)
- Supportedcites Ranjit and Kung, 2000 source
The citation to Ranjit and Kung (2000) supports the 'but not all silages' portion of the sentence. In the Discussion, the authors say they did not observe the increase in propionic acid reported elsewhere; Silage Composition likewise reports negligible propionate in the L. buchneri treatments. The statement that the reason is unclear is the citing authors’ framing, not a finding attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.94)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Butyric acid was 0.84% in untreated silage and was lower in silage treated with LB2, LB3, IN, and BPA”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The alfalfa silage had been ensiled without additives and contained 5.17 and 3.00 log 10 cfu of yeasts and molds, respectively.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The numbers of yeasts and molds were very low (less than 2.5 log 10 cfu/g) and not different among treatments.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the number of yeasts averaged 5.22 log 10 cfu/g, and the aerobic stability of corn silage alone was 60 h.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Lactation Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Small differences were observed in DM, pH, and concentration of WSC in freshly chopped barley forage before ensiling (Table 1).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Treatments had no effects on the concentration of residual NH 3 -N, with the exception of a higher level of NH 3 -N for silage treated with LB1.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yeasts ranged from 4.46 to 5.83 log 10 cfu/g, and molds ranged from 3.85 to 4.50 log 10 cfu/g.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the number of yeasts averaged 5.22 log 10 cfu/g, and the aerobic stability of corn silage alone was 60 h.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Lactation Study
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Under farm conditions, a moderate dose (4 × 10 5 ) of L. buchneri 40788 also improved the aerobic stability of barley silage alone and of a TMR comprised of the treated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After the pretreatment period, cows were blocked on DIM, parity, and milk yield and randomly allocated to one of two treatments.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and that feeding treated silage had no negative effect on intake or performance.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study during the treatment period was a crossover design that consisted of two 4-wk periods.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The quote only partly states this claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“In past studies, high concentrations of acetic acid in silages have sometimes been associated with lower DMI (Wilkins et al., 1971;Rook and Gill, 1990).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wilkins et al., 1971 source
- Not checked yetcites Rook and Gill, 1990
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Recently, the aerobic stability of a variety of silage crops has been markedly improved by inoculation with a heterolactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus buchneri.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Muck, 1996
- Not checked yetcites Driehuis et al., 1999a
- Not checked yetcites Ranjit and Kung, 2000 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In circumstances where DMI is depressed and associated with feeding silages with high concentrations of acetic acid (but not from treatment with L. buchneri 40788), other unidentified factors related to the undesirable fermentation may be contributing to the depression in intake.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“However, this tenet is controver-sial, as few strong relations between silage acids and intake have been observed in recent summaries (Steen et al., 1998;Wright et al., 2000).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“the care of animals was via accepted protocols (Federation of Animal Science Societies, 1999).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Federation of Animal Science Societies, 1999
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“In previous studies, treatment with low levels of buffered propionic acid additives have consistently improved the aerobic stability of silages ensiled in laboratory silos (Kung et al., 1998;Kung et al., 2000).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“In that study, DMI was not affected when cows were fed treated silage.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Driehuis et al., 1999b
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Bunker silos result in considerable amounts of silage that are exposed to air.
“However, these structures result in considerable amounts of silage that are exposed to air”
The paper relies on this without support.
Complaints related to the poor aerobic stability of silages from bunker silos have increased.
“complaints related to the poor aerobic stability of silages from these types of silos have increased.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Unless silages are packed tightly and managed well during removal, infiltration of air into the silage mass can stimulate the growth of aerobic microbes and cause silage to spoil quickly.
“Unless the silages are packed tightly and managed well during removal from the silo, infiltration of air into the silage mass can stimulate the growth of aerobic microbes and cause silage to spoil quickly.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Lactobacillus buchneri inhibits the proliferation of yeasts in silage via the production of acetic acid.
“Lactobacillus buchneri has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of yeasts in silage via the production of acetic acid.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Higher concentrations of acetic acid inhibit yeasts.
“Thus, silage treated with L. buchneri 40788 often has a moderately high concentration of ethanol despite having lower numbers of yeasts, which are inhibited by the higher concentration of acetic acid.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Previous studies showed that inoculation with P. freudenreichii (1 × 10 4 cfu/g) with or without homolac-tic bacteria did not affect propionic acid concentration, yeast and mold counts, or aerobic stability of maize and barley silages (Ranjit et al., 2002;Taylor et al., 2002).”
From Control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in corn silage with or without various inoculants: Efficacy and mode of action (2010) · cites this paper as Taylor et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“As in this study, inoculation with L. buchneri typically results in acetate concentrations ranging from 36 to 50 g/kg of DM (Driehuis et al., 2001;Taylor et al., 2002).”
From Control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in corn silage with or without various inoculants: Efficacy and mode of action (2010) · cites this paper as Taylor et al., 2002
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
“After 7 d of exposure to air, silages (30%, DM basis) were combined with alfalfa silage (30%) and a dairy concentrate (40%) from the University of Delaware Dairy to form a TMR.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85, No. 7, 2002
“Thus, experimental TMR were created by mixing these silages (35%, DM basis) with alfalfa silage (15%) that had been stored in a commercial bag silo (on-farm) and a pelleted concentrate (50% [Table 3]).”
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > DISCUSSION
“An exception in this study was a lower concentration of starch and CP in silage treated with LB2, and we have no explanation for this finding.”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
“After 120 d of ensiling in laboratory silos, the concentrations of WSC, CP, ADF, NDF, and starch were not affected by treatment (Table 2).”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > Laboratory Silo Study
“After 120 d of ensiling in laboratory silos, the concentrations of WSC, CP, ADF, NDF, and starch were not affected by treatment (Table 2).”
§ The Effect of Treating Whole-Plant Barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on Silage Fermentation, Aerobic Stability, and Nutritive Value for Dairy Cows 1 > CONCLUSIONS
“| CP, % | 9.53 ab | 9.93 a | 8.63 c | 9.63 ab | 9.33 b | 9.93 a | 0.11 |”
Citations
Cites
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A PHOTOMETRIC ADAPTATION OF THE SOMOGYI METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSE
Nelson, N. (1944) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)71980-7 · Cited by 10,376
Snedecor, G. W., & Cochran, W. G. (1967) · Cited by 6,573
Estimación lineal de los requerimientos nutricionales del NRC para ganado de leche.
Elizondo-Salazar, J. A. (2014) · Agronomía Mesoamericana · doi:10.15517/am.v13i1.13244 · Cited by 6,497
Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia
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The Analysis of dietary fiber in food
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Anaerobic Conversion of Lactic Acid to Acetic Acid and 1,2-Propanediol by Lactobacillus buchneri
Oude Elferink, S. J. W. H., Krooneman, J., Gottschal, J. C., Spoelstra, S. F., Faber, F., & Driehuis, F. (2001) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.67.1.125-132.2001 · Cited by 685
Ranjit, N. K., & Kung, L. (2000) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(00)74912-5 · Cited by 429
Self-citationThe detrimental effects of air on silage
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Hoffman, 1997, Quantification of milk yield losses associated with feeding aerobically unstable high moisture corn, J. Dairy Sci., 80, 234
- Whitlock, 2000, Effect of level of surface-spoiled silage on the nutritive value of corn silage diets, J. Dairy Sci., 83, 110
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives
Muck, R. E., Nadeau, E. M. G., McAllister, T. A., Contreras-Govea, F. E., Santos, M. C., & Kung, L. (2018) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2017-13839 · Cited by 1,038
Self-citationNew Approaches for Bioaugmentation as a Remediation Technology
Gentry, T. J., Rensing, C., & Pepper, I. L. (2004) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643380490452362 · Cited by 364
Kleinschmit, D. H., & Kung, L. (2006) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72444-4 · Cited by 356
Self-citationThe effects of various antifungal additives on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage
Kleinschmit, D. H., Schmidt, R. J., & Kung, L. (2005) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(05)72889-7 · Cited by 233
Self-citationHu, W., Schmidt, R. J., McDonell, E. E., Klingerman, C. M., & Kung, L. (2009) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2008-1788 · Cited by 211
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Taylor, C. C., Ranjit, N. J., Mills, J. A., Neylon, J. M., & Kung, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Delaware (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kung, L.
- ORCID
- Kung, L.
- Venue
- Journal of Dairy Science
- Publisher
- American Dairy Science Association
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1793-1800
- ISSN
- 0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1993794810
- Semantic Scholar
- 5bcf8c7aca2eb0893e51230a7e7768fca0169920
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 9.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Keywords
- barley silage, silage inoculation, aerobic stability, silage fermentation, lactic acid, acetic acid, ethanol, silage spoilage, molds and yeasts, silage inoculants, total mixed ration, dairy cattle, dry matter intake, milk production, milk composition
- MeSH terms
- Aerobiosis, Animals, Animal Feed, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Hordeum, Cattle, Female, Fermentation, Food Preservation, Lactation, Lactobacillus, Nutritive Value, Propionates, Silage, Colony Count, Microbial, Acetic Acid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-09, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-09 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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