Employment and adults with autism spectrum disorders: Challenges and strategies for success
Abstract
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have the ability and desire to work, but there are still several obstructions. Research overwhelmingly demonstrates disappointing employment outcomes for this group. The vast majority is unemployed and for those who do have gainful employment, underemployment is common. The increased prevalence of ASD coupled with unique social, communication, and behavioral characteristics translate into the need for services to help them achieve employment success. Consideration of individual characteristics including strengths, needs, as well as specific interests, coupled with implementation of proper supports can result in successful and ongoing employment. This paper provides a review of evidence based research related to employment for individuals with ASD. Specific areas addressed include benefits of employment, state of employment, obstacles to employment, current service options, and an in depth review of supports needed for success. These supports focus not only on job tasks, but also the interpersonal skills needed to foster a positive work experience.
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People with hidden disabilities such as autism, Asperger, learning disabilities, anxiety disorders and mental health problems are far more likely to experience high levels of discrimination, isolation, fear, anxiety, unemployment and poverty.
“People with hidden disabilities such as autism, Asperger, learning disabilities, anxiety disorders and mental health problems are far more likely to experience high levels of discrimination, isolation, fear, anxiety, unemployment and poverty (Wilton, 2003; Cameto et al., 2004; Hendricks, 2010; Madriaga, 2010; Davidson et al., 2018).”
From iSenseVR: bringing VR exposure therapy outside the laboratory (2019) · cites this paper as Hendricks, 2010
The benefits of in-person workforce participation to social functioning over time are well documented and include improved social relationships, community integration, improved sense of self-worth, and general quality of life.
“The benefits of in-person workforce participation to social functioning over time are well documented and include improved social relationships, community integration, improved sense of self-worth, and general quality of life [4,5,6].”
From Remote work support needs of employees with autism spectrum disorder in Poland: perspectives of individuals with autism and their coworkers (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Hendricks, D.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hendricks, Dawn
- Venue
- Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 125-134
- ISSN
- 1052-2263 (ISSN-L)
- 1878-6316
- OpenAlex
- W2139103218
- Cited by
- 610
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 71 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 26.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Employment and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, employment, underemployment, unemployment, employment support, vocational rehabilitation services, workplace accommodations, social skills, employment effects, barriers to employment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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