Cited by 63Functional Brain Connectivity StudiesTraumatic Brain Injury ResearchAdvanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications

Functional Neuroimaging in Traumatic Brain Injury: From Nodes to Networks

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Medaglia, John D.·2017·Frontiers in Neurology

Abstract

Since the invention of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), thousands of studies in healthy and clinical samples have enlightened our understanding of the organization of cognition in the human brain and neuroplastic changes following brain disease and injury. Increasingly, studies involve analyses rooted in complex systems theory and analysis applied to clinical samples. Given the complexity in available approaches, concise descriptions of the theoretical motivation of network techniques and their relationship to traditional approaches and theory are necessary. To this end, this review concerns the use of fMRI to understand basic cognitive function and dysfunction in the human brain scaling from emphasis on basic units (or "nodes") in the brain to interactions within and between brain networks. First, major themes and theoretical issues in the scientific study of the injured brain are introduced to contextualize these analyses, particularly concerning functional "brain reorganization." Then, analytic approaches ranging from the voxel level to the systems level using graph theory and related approaches are reviewed as complementary approaches to examine neurocognitive processes following TBI. Next, some major findings relevant to functional reorganization hypotheses are discussed. Finally, major open issues in functional network analyses in neurotrauma are discussed in theoretical, analytic, and translational terms.

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Crossref · 10.3389/fneur.2017.00407

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  • Shearing forces during mTBI are thought to cause diffuse axonal injury, which results in dysregulated structural and functional connectivity.

    “Because of the shearing forces during the mTBI injury, a complex spectrum of axonal abnormalities known as diffuse axonal injury (DAI) are thought to result in dysregulated structural and functional connectivity”

    From Investigation of neurobiological responses to theta burst stimulation during recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) (2023) · cites this paper as Medaglia, 2017

    The TBI Epidemic and Basic Pathophysiology section says rotational forces can stretch and shear axons, causing focal and diffuse axonal damage. Nodes, Networks, and TBI links anatomical injury to changes in functional connectivity, and Scaling to Graph Theoretic Analyses reports functional connectivity disturbances. The paper presents these points for TBI generally; it does not explicitly establish the claimed sequence specifically for mild TBI or call the abnormalities diffuse axonal injury. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [50]Newman MEJ Networks: An Introduction. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press (2010).

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Authors
Medaglia, J. D.
Affiliations
University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author
Medaglia, John D.
Venue
Frontiers in Neurology
Published
2017-08-24
Volume
8
Pages
407-407
ISSN
1664-2295 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2750177698
Cited by
63
References
152
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 3
FWCI
0.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Frontiers in Neurology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • NIH Office of the Director (1-DP5 OD021352-01)
  • Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
Keywords
traumatic brain injury, functional brain networks, brain reorganization, graph theory, complexity theory, neuroplasticity, cognitive impairment, functional MRI, network analysis, voxel-based analysis

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