Broader visual orientation tuning in patients with schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
Reduced gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in cerebral cortex are thought to contribute to information processing deficits in patients with schizophrenia (SZ), and we have previously reported lower in vivo GABA levels in the visual cortex of patients with SZ. GABA-mediated inhibition plays a role in sharpening orientation tuning of visual cortical neurons. Therefore, we predicted that tuning for visual stimulus orientation would be wider in SZ. We measured orientation tuning with a psychophysical procedure in which subjects performed a target detection task of a low-contrast oriented grating, following adaptation to a high-contrast grating. Contrast detection thresholds were determined for a range of adapter-target orientation offsets. For both SZ and healthy controls, contrast thresholds decreased as orientation offset increased, suggesting that this tuning curve reflects the selectivity of visual cortical neurons for stimulus orientation. After accounting for generalized deficits in task performance in SZ, there was no difference between patients and controls for detection of target stimuli having either the same orientation as the adapter or orientations far from the adapter. However, patients' thresholds were significantly higher for intermediate adapter-target offsets. In addition, the mean width parameter of a Gaussian fit to the psychophysical orientation tuning curves was significantly larger for the patient group. We also present preliminary data relating visual cortical GABA levels, as measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and orientation tuning width. These results suggest that our finding of broader orientation tuning in SZ may be due to diminished visual cortical GABA levels.
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GABA-related functional deficits are seen even in the visual cortex of schizophrenia patients.
“and GABA-related functional deficits are seen even in their visual cortex (68–71).”
From Prolonged Period of Cortical Plasticity upon Redox Dysregulation in Fast-Spiking Interneurons (2015) · cites this paper as [68]
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Aberrant visual salience in participants with schizophrenia during free-viewing of natural imagesPreprint
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No evidence for a cortical origin of pupil constriction responses to isoluminant stimuli
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- Authors
- Rokem, A., Yoon, J. H., Ooms, R. E., Maddock, R. J., Minzenberg, M. J., & Silver, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rokem, Ariel
- Venue
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- 127-127
- ISSN
- 1662-5161 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3208208
- OpenAlex
- W2159031323
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, orientation tuning, visual cortex, GABA, cortical inhibition, contrast detection, orientation adaptation, magnetic resonance spectroscopy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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