The Latest Neuroimaging Findings in Borderline Personality Disorder
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder, characterized by pronounced deficits in emotion regulation, cognitive disturbances including dissociation, impulsivity, and interpersonal disturbances. Over the last decades, neuroimaging has become one of the most important methods to investigate neurobiological alterations possibly underlying core features of BPD. The aim of our article is to provide an overview of the latest neuroimaging research in BPD focusing on functional and structural MRI studies published since 2010. Findings of these studies are depicted and discussed referring to central domains of BPD psychopathology. On a neurochemical level, altered function in neurotransmitter systems including the serotonin, glutamate, and GABA systems was observed in patients with BPD. On a neural level, individuals with BPD showed structural and functional abnormalities in a fronto-limbic network including regions involved in emotion processing (e.g., amygdala, insula) and frontal brain regions implicated in regulatory control processes (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex, medial frontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). Limbic hyperreactivity and diminished recruitment of frontal brain regions may yield a link between disturbed emotion processing and other core features of BPD such as impulsivity and interpersonal disturbances. To clarify whether findings are specific to BPD, comparisons with other clinical groups are needed.
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In BPD, deficits in interpersonal trust, tolerance of aloneness, and recognition of conventional norms of social cooperation/fairness also have been documented and shown to be associated with altered patterns of anterior cingulate, temporal lobe, and insula activation.
“In BPD, deficits in interpersonal trust, tolerance of aloneness, and recognition of conventional norms of social cooperation/fairness also have been documented and shown to be associated with altered patterns of anterior cingulate, temporal lobe, and insula activation [97, 149].”
From Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [97]
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Self-citationMedial prefrontal cortex hyperactivation during social exclusion in borderline personality disorder
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Self-citationAmygdala Functional Connectivity in Young Women with Borderline Personality Disorder
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Cerebrospinal fluid glutamate concentration correlates with impulsive aggression in human subjects
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Microstructural white matter damage at orbitofrontal areas in borderline personality disorder
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Self-citationThe Stigma of Personality Disorders
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“In BPD, deficits in interpersonal trust, tolerance of aloneness, and recognition of conventional norms of social cooperation/fairness also have been documented and shown to be associated with altered patterns of anterior cingulate, temporal lobe, and insula activation [97, 149].”
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Complex PTSD, affect dysregulation, and borderline personality disorder
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Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability
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“has been implicated in emotional dysregulation and emotion processing in BPD (Ruocco et al., 2013; Krause-Utz et al., 2014).”
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Review on Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation and Music: Implications for Emotion Dysregulation
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Interoceptive Mechanisms and Emotional Processing
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A Recurrent Question: What Is Borderline?
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Social Judgement in Borderline Personality Disorder
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How Do Stress Exposure and Stress Regulation Relate to Borderline Personality Disorder?
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Genetic and Neuroimaging Features of Personality Disorders: State of the Art
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Less is more: Morphometric and psychological differences between low and high reappraisers
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Brain structure and symptom dimensions in borderline personality disorder
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Enhanced memory for negative social information in borderline personality disorder.
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Borderline Personality Disorder Features and Sensitivity to Injustice.
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Aberrant link between empathy and social attribution style in borderline personality disorder
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- Authors
- Krause-Utz, A., Winter, D., Niedtfeld, I., & Schmahl, C.
- Affiliations
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schmahl, Christian
- Venue
- Current Psychiatry Reports
- Published
- 2014-02-05
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 438-438
- ISSN
- 1523-3812 (ISSN-L)
- 1535-1645
- OpenAlex
- W2012062688
- Cited by
- 235
- References
- 129
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 3.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Psychiatry Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, neuroimaging, emotion regulation, emotional processing, fronto-limbic network, amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, impulsivity, interpersonal problems, serotonin, glutamate, GABA, structural MRI, functional MRI
- MeSH terms
- Borderline Personality Disorder, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neural Pathways, Neuroimaging, Connectome
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