IL-15 activates the Jak3/STAT3 signaling pathway to mediate glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells
Open accessAbstract
Myokines are specialized cytokines that are secreted from skeletal muscle (SKM) in response to metabolic stimuli, such as exercise. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a myokine with potential to reduce obesity and increase lean mass through induction of metabolic processes. It has been previously shown that IL-15 acts to increase glucose uptake in SKM cells. However, the downstream signals orchestrating the link between IL-15 signaling and glucose uptake have not been fully explored. Here we employed the mouse SKM C2C12 cell line to examine potential downstream targets of IL-15-induced alterations in glucose uptake. Following differentiation, C2C12 cells were treated overnight with 100 ng/ml of IL-15. Activation of factors associated with glucose metabolism (Akt and AMPK) and known downstream targets of IL-15 (Jak1, Jak3, STAT3, and STAT5) were assessed with IL-15 stimulation. IL-15 stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane. IL-15 treatment had no effect on phospho-Akt, phospho-Akt substrates, phospho-AMPK, phospho-Jak1, or phospho-STAT5. However, with IL-15, phospho-Jak3 and phospho-STAT3 levels were increased along with increased interaction of Jak3 and STAT3. Additionally, IL-15 induced a translocation of phospho-STAT3 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. We have evidence that a mediator of glucose uptake, HIF1α, expression was dependent on IL-15 induced STAT3 activation. Finally, upon inhibition of STAT3 the positive effects of IL-15 on glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation were abolished. Taken together, we provide evidence for a novel signaling pathway for IL-15 acting through Jak3/STAT3 to regulate glucose metabolism.
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IL-15 augments glucose uptake in skeletal muscle by increasing transcription and membrane translocation of GLUT4 via JAK3/STAT3 signaling.
“IL-15 augments glucose uptake in SkM by increasing transcription [124] and membrane translocation of GLUT4 via JAK3/STAT3 signaling [125]”
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- Authors
- Krolopp, J. E., Thornton, S. M., & Abbott, M. J.
- Affiliations
- Chapman University (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Abbott, Marcia J.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Physiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2016-12-20
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 626-626
- ISSN
- 1664-042X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5167732
- OpenAlex
- W2560777271
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 4.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Chapman University Digital Commons (Chapman University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Chapman University (16SDG30680003)
- American College of Sports Medicine
- American Heart Association
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- IL-15, myokines, glucose uptake, skeletal muscle, GLUT4 translocation, HIF-1α, Akt, AMPK, STAT3 nuclear translocation, C2C12 myoblasts, skeletal muscle glucose metabolism
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