Differential neural processing of social exclusion and inclusion in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury and young adults with borderline personality disorder
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Introduction: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a symptom of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, NSSI often occurs independently of BPD. Altered neural processing of social exclusion has been shown in adolescents with NSSI and adults with BPD with additional alterations during social inclusion in BPD patients. Aims of this study were to investigate differences in neural processing of social inclusion and exclusion situations between adolescents with NSSI and young adults with BPD and NSSI. Methods: Using fMRI, neural processing of positive and negative social situations (paradigm: ‘Cyberball’) was explored. Participants were 14 adolescents with NSSI, but without BPD (Mage=15,4; SD=1,9), 15 adults with BPD and NSSI (Mage=23,3; SD=4,1), as well as 15 healthy adolescents (Mage=14,5; SD=1,7) and 16 healthy adults (Mage=23,2; SD=4,4). Results: Behavioral results showed enhanced feelings of social exclusion in both patient groups as compared to healthy controls but only the NSSI group showed enhanced activation during social exclusion vs. inclusion compared to the other groups. While both, NSSI and BPD group showed enhanced activation in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex during social exclusion as compared to their age-matched controls, enhanced activation during social inclusion as compared to a passive watching condition was mainly observed in the BPD group in the dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and the anterior insula. Discussion: While neural processing of social exclusion was pronounced in adolescents with NSSI, BPD patients also showed increased activity in a per se positive social situation. These results might point towards a higher responsiveness to social exclusion in adolescents with NSSI, which might then develop into a generalized increased sensitivity to all kind of social situations in adults with BPD.
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Among self-injuring youth, there is enhanced left putamen activation during exclusion versus inclusion relative to BPD adults and healthy youth.
“In a subsequent study among the self-injuring youth, there is enhanced activation in the left putamen within the same contrast relative to BPD adults and healthy youth (90).”
From Neural correlates associated with suicide and nonsuicidal self-injury in youth (2021) · cites this paper as [90]
Collectively, neuroimaging studies demonstrate consistent evidence of engagement in subgenual ACC, vlPFC, posterior midline regions, and ventral striatum during social exclusion; paradigms looking at anticipation/receipt of social evaluative feedback additionally elicit responses in amygdala and medial orbitofrontal cortex.
“Collectively, these studies demonstrate consistent evidence of engagement in subgenual ACC (sgACC), vlPFC, posterior midline regions, and ventral striatum (for a meta-analysis, see (124)); the paradigms that look at anticipation/receipt of social evaluative feedback additionally elicit responses in amygdala and medial orbitofrontal cortex.(39,122,123,125)”
From Puberty Initiates Cascading Relationships Between Neurodevelopmental, Social, and Internalizing Processes Across Adolescence (2021) · cites this paper as [125]
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- Authors
- Brown, R. C., Plener, P. L., Groen, G., Neff, D., Bonenberger, M., & Abler, B.
- Affiliations
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Rebecca C.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2017-11-29
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 267-267
- ISSN
- 1664-0640 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5712536
- OpenAlex
- W2769257575
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 8.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OPen Access Repositorium der Universität Ulm (OPARU) (Ulm University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Universität Ulm, Kommunikations- und Informationszentrum (kiz) (cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- non-suicidal self-injury, borderline personality disorder, social exclusion, social inclusion, adolescents, young adults, Cyberball paradigm, ventral anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex, anterior insula
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