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microRNAs as early biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease: a synaptic perspective

Siedlecki-Wullich, Dolores, Miñano-Molina, Alfredo J., Rodríguez-Álvarez, José·2021·Cells
DOI 10.3390/cells10010113PMC PMC7827653
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Abstract

Pathogenic processes underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affect synaptic function from initial asymptomatic stages, long time before the onset of cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Therefore, reliable biomarkers enabling early AD diagnosis and prognosis are needed to maximize the time window for therapeutic interventions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as promising cost-effective and non-invasive biomarkers for AD, since they can be readily detected in different biofluids, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. Moreover, a growing body of evidence indicates that miRNAs regulate synaptic homeostasis and plasticity processes, suggesting that they may be involved in early synaptic dysfunction during AD. Here, we review the current literature supporting a role of miRNAs during early synaptic deficits in AD, including recent studies evaluating their potential as AD biomarkers. Besides targeting genes related to Aβ and tau metabolism, several miRNAs also regulate synaptic-related proteins and transcription factors implicated in early synaptic deficits during AD. Furthermore, individual miRNAs and molecular signatures have been found to distinguish between prodromal AD and healthy controls. Overall, these studies highlight the relevance of considering synaptic-related miRNAs as potential biomarkers of early AD stages. However, further validation studies in large cohorts, including longitudinal studies, as well as implementation of standardized protocols, are needed to establish miRNA-based biomarkers as reliable diagnostic and prognostic tools.

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  • MiRNAs are relatively stable in CSF, plasma, and EVs, in part because they are protected within vesicles or Argonaute-containing protein complexes.

    “MiRNAs are relatively stable in CSF, plasma, and EVs, in part because they are protected within vesicles or Argonaute-containing protein complexes, making them attractive candidates for minimally invasive biomarkers and disease-staging tools in AD (Arroyo et al., 2011; Siedlecki-Wullich et al., 2021).”

    From Cell-specific MicroRNA networks orchestrate the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2026) · cites this paper as Siedlecki-Wullich et al., 2021

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Siedlecki-Wullich, D., Miñano-Molina, A. J., & Rodríguez-Álvarez, J.
Affiliations
Department Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
ORCID
Venue
Cells
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-01-09
Volume
10
Issue
1
Pages
113
ISSN
2073-4409
DOI
10.3390/cells10010113
PMC
PMC7827653
Cited by
76
References
20
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
  • Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (SAF2017-89271-R)
  • Fundacio La Maratò TV3 (TV3-2014-3610)
  • Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CB06/05/0042 and PI2017/01)
  • Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR2017-749)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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