Effects of Meditative Movements on Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
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Background: Tai Chi, Qigong, and Yoga are recognized as the most popular complementary approaches for alleviating musculoskeletal pain, improving sleep quality, and reducing blood pressure. The therapeutic effects of these meditative movements for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) is yet to be determined. Therefore, we examined whether meditative movements (Tai Chi, Qigong, and Yoga) are effective for treating MDD. Seven electronic databases (SPORTDiscus, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang) were used to search relevant articles. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) using Tai Chi, Qigong or Yoga as intervention for MDD were considered for the meta-analysis (standardized mean difference: SMD). Results: Meta-analysis on 15 fair-to-high quality RCTs showed a significant benefit in favor of meditative movement on depression severity (SMD = −0.56, 95% CI −0.76 to −0.37, p < 0.001, I2 = 35.76%) and on anxiety severity (SMD = −0.46, 95% CI −0.71 to −0.21, p < 0.001, I2 = 1.17%). Meditative movement interventions showed significantly improved treatment remission rate (OR = 6.7, 95% CI 2.38 to 18.86, p < 0.001) and response rate (OR = 5.2, 95% CI 1.73 to 15.59, p < 0.001) over passive controls. Conclusions: Emphasizing the therapeutic effects of meditative movements for treating MDD is critical because it may provide a useful alternative to existing mainstream treatments (drug therapy and psychotherapy) for MDD. Given the fact that meditative movements are safe and easily accessible, clinicians may consider recommending meditative movements for symptomatic management in this population.
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Recent systematic review and meta-analysis have further evaluated the remarkable feasibility and efficacy of meditation techniques in people with depressive disorders.
“In brief, both the recent systematic review and meta-analysis38 43 44 have further evaluated the remarkable feasibility and efficacy of meditation techniques in people with depressive disorders.”
From Biological mechanism study of meditation and its application in mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Zou, L., Yeung, A., Li, C., Wei, G.-X., Chen, K. W., Kinser, P. A., Chan, J. S. M., & Ren, Z.
- Affiliations
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Harvard University (US)
- Education University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Shenzhen University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zou, Liye
- Ren, Zhanbing
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2018-08-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 195
- ISSN
- 2077-0383 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6111244
- OpenAlex
- W2886792751
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 3.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repository of Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Shenzhen University (17QNFC59)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, Tai Chi, qigong, yoga, complementary therapy, depression severity, anxiety levels, treatment remission, treatment response
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