Almond Consumption and Processing Affects the Composition of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Healthy Adult Men and Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Background: Almond processing has been shown to differentially impact metabolizable energy; however, the effect of food form on the gastrointestinal microbiota is under-investigated. Objective: We aimed to assess the interrelationship of almond consumption and processing on the gastrointestinal microbiota. Design: A controlled-feeding, randomized, five-period, crossover study with washouts between diet periods was conducted in healthy adults (n = 18). Treatments included: (1) zero servings/day of almonds (control); (2) 1.5 servings (42 g)/day of whole almonds; (3) 1.5 servings/day of whole, roasted almonds; (4) 1.5 servings/day of roasted, chopped almonds; and (5) 1.5 servings/day of almond butter. Fecal samples were collected at the end of each three-week diet period. Results: Almond consumption increased the relative abundances of Lachnospira, Roseburia, and Dialister (p ≤ 0.05). Comparisons between control and the four almond treatments revealed that chopped almonds increased Lachnospira, Roseburia, and Oscillospira compared to control (p < 0.05), while whole almonds increased Dialister compared to control (p = 0.007). There were no differences between almond butter and control. Conclusions: These results reveal that almond consumption induced changes in the microbial community composition of the human gastrointestinal microbiota. Furthermore, the degree of almond processing (e.g., roasting, chopping, and grinding into butter) differentially impacted the relative abundances of bacterial genera.
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A significant impact on the gut microbiota has previously been displayed through the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, walnuts, and almonds (consumption and processing) amongst others.
“A significant impact on the gut microbiota has previously been displayed through the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, walnuts, and almonds (consumption and processing) amongst others [113,114,115].”
From Effect of Diet on the Gut Microbiota: Rethinking Intervention Duration (2019) · cites this paper as [115]
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Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in Traditional Chinese Medicine against COVID-19
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Micronutrients: Essential Treatment for Inflammatory Arthritis?
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Diet Quality and the Fecal Microbiota in Adults in the American Gut Project
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Effects of Peanuts and Pistachios on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome: A Review
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Diet Affects the Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Health
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Effect of Crushing Peanuts on Fatty Acid and Phenolic Bioaccessibility: A Long-Term Study
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Effect of Nuts on Gastrointestinal Health
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Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review
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Metabolite Profiling of the Gut Microbiome in Mice with Dietary Administration of Black Raspberries
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Perspective: Challenges and Future Directions in Clinical Research with Nuts and Berries
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An Overview of Current Knowledge of the Gut Microbiota and Low-Calorie Sweeteners
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Self-citationThe impacts of bovine milk, soy beverage, or almond beverage on the growing rat microbiome
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Food as Medicine for Hypertension: Microbiota as Mediators
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Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effect on Multivariate Responses Using Random Forests
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- Authors
- Holscher, H., Taylor, A., Swanson, K., Novotny, J., & Baer, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Holscher, Hannah
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2018-01-26
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 126
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5852702
- OpenAlex
- W2788531829
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7
- FWCI
- 4.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- Almond Board of California
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- almond consumption, almond processing, gut microbiota, gut microbiota composition, Lachnospira, Roseburia, Dialister, Oscillospira, food form, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Clostridiales, Eubacteriales, Prunus dulcis, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Aged, Condiments, Cooking, Feces, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Food Handling, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nuts, Cross-Over Studies, Veillonellaceae, Functional Food, Molecular Typing, Dysbiosis
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