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Microfiber Emissions from Functionalized Textiles: Potential Threat for Human Health and Environmental Risks

Periyasamy, Aravin·2023·Toxics
DOI 10.3390/toxics11050406PMC PMC10221355
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Abstract

The growing worldwide population is directly responsible for the increased production and consumption of textile products. One of the key reasons for the generation of microfibers is the use of textiles and garment materials, which is expected to increase. The textile industry is responsible for the invisible pollution that is created by textile microfibers, which have been detected in marine sediments and organisms. The present review paper demonstrates that the microfibers discharged from functionalized textiles exhibit non-biodegradable characteristics and that a considerable proportion of them possess toxic properties. This is primarily attributed to the impact of textiles’ material functionalization on their biodegradability. The potential for these microfibers, which are released from textiles that contain a variety of dyes, toxic chemicals, and nanomaterials, to pose a variety of health risks to both humans and other living organisms is discussed in this paper. In addition, this paper covers a wide variety of preventative and minimizing measures for reduction, which are discussed in terms of several phases ranging from sustainable production through the consumer, end of life, domestic washing, and wastewater treatment phases.

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  • Effluents discharged by the textile industry in their untreated state consist of a wide array of organic contaminants, including unfixed colors, acids, alkalis, and notably, very poisonous dyes.

    “The effluents discharged by the textile industry in their untreated state consist of a wide array of organic contaminants, including unfixed colors, acids, alkalis, and notably, very poisonous dyes [70].”

    From Recent Advances in the Remediation of Textile-Dye-Containing Wastewater: Prioritizing Human Health and Sustainable Wastewater Treatment (2024) · cites this paper as [70]

    Section 2.1 (Coloration; page unavailable) says textile dyeing releases colored pollutants, that dyes remain in water baths, and that azo dyes can degrade into toxic compounds. It does not establish the claimed composition of untreated effluent, including acids and alkalis, or characterize the dyes in it as uniformly very poisonous. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Textile dye ingestion or inhalation can irritate the skin and eyes, particularly if it occurs in dusty conditions.

    “Typically, there are two paths, which include textile dye ingestion or inhalation can irritate the skin and eyes [26,70,103], particularly if it occurs in dusty conditions [70].”

    From Recent Advances in the Remediation of Textile-Dye-Containing Wastewater: Prioritizing Human Health and Sustainable Wastewater Treatment (2024) · cites this paper as [70]

    Section 2.1 (Coloration) discusses textile dyes and some health hazards, while Section 3 identifies ingestion and inhalation as exposure routes for microfibers. Neither section says that ingesting or inhaling textile dyes irritates the skin or eyes, particularly in dusty conditions; searches for eye irritation and dusty conditions found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.72)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Metadata

Authors
Periyasamy, A.
Venue
Toxics
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-04-24
Volume
11
Issue
5
Pages
406
ISSN
2305-6304
DOI
10.3390/toxics11050406
PMC
PMC10221355
Cited by
80
References
20
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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