The effects of physical exercise on fatty liver disease.
Open accessAbstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity has made nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) the most common chronic liver disease. As a consequence, NAFLD and especially its inflammatory form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the fastest increasing etiology of end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Physical inactivity is related to the severity of fatty liver disease irrespective of body weight, supporting the hypothesis that increasing physical activity through exercise can improve fatty liver disease. This review summarizes the evidence for the effects of physical exercise on NAFLD and NASH. Several clinical trials have shown that both aerobic and resistance exercise reduce the hepatic fat content. From clinical and basic scientific studies, it is evident that exercise affects fatty liver disease through various pathways. Improved peripheral insulin resistance reduces the excess delivery of free fatty acids and glucose for free fatty acid synthesis to the liver. In the liver, exercise increases fatty acid oxidation, decreases fatty acid synthesis, and prevents mitochondrial and hepatocellular damage through a reduction of the release of damage-associated molecular patterns. In conclusion, physical exercise is a proven therapeutic strategy to improve fatty liver disease.
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Physical activity has proven to be an effective intervention for treating and preventing NAFLD.
“Physical activity has proven to be an effective intervention for treating and preventing NAFLD”
From Effect of Exercise Training on Fat Loss—Energetic Perspectives and the Role of Improved Adipose Tissue Function and Body Fat Distribution (2021) · cites this paper as van der Windt et al., 2018
The Conclusions state that exercise benefits NAFLD, and the Introduction says clinical guidelines recommend it as a treatment. But the Introduction describes its preventive value as theoretical; the reported preventive finding concerns progression from fatty liver to NASH, not proven prevention of NAFLD itself. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- van der Windt, D. J., Sud, V., Zhang, H., Tsung, A., & Huang, H.
- Affiliations
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Gene Expression
- Publisher
- Xia & He Publishing
- Published
- 2018-05-18
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 89-101
- ISSN
- 1052-2166 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5954622
- OpenAlex
- W2774108532
- Cited by
- 294
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Gene Expression (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA214865)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (T32AI074490)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- physical activity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, aerobic exercise, resistance training, hepatic fat content, insulin resistance, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial damage, hepatocyte injury, damage-associated molecular patterns, obesity, end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Energy Metabolism, Exercise Therapy, Humans, Insulin, Lipid Metabolism, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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