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The Two Facets of Collaboration: Cooperation and Coordination in Strategic Alliances

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Gulati, Ranjay, Wohlgezogen, Franz, Zhelyazkov, Pavel·2012·Academy of Management Annals
DOI 10.5465/19416520.2012.691646
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Abstract

This paper unpacks two underspecified facets of collaboration: cooperation and coordination. Prior research has emphasized cooperation, specifically partners' commitment and alignment of interests, as the key determinant of collaborative success. Scholars have paid less attention to the critical role of coordination—the effective alignment and adjustment of partners' actions. To redress this imbalance, we conceptually disentangle cooperation and coordination in the context of inter-organizational collaboration, and examine how the two phenomena play out in the partner selection, design, and post-formation stages of an alliance's life cycle. As we demonstrate, a coordination perspective helps resolve some empirical puzzles, but it also represents a challenge to received wisdom grounded in the salience of cooperation. To stimulate future research, we discuss alternative conceptualizations of the relationship between cooperation and coordination, and elaborate on their normative implications.

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Metadata

Authors
Gulati, R., Wohlgezogen, F., & Zhelyazkov, P.
Affiliations
Northwestern University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Academy of Management Annals
Publisher
Academy of Management
Published
2012-06
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
531-583
ISSN
  • 1941-6067 (ISSN-L)
  • 1941-6520
DOI
10.5465/19416520.2012.691646
OpenAlex
W4235080863
Cited by
768
References
10
Citations by year
2026: 59 · 2025: 90 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 92 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 1
FWCI
63.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Academy of Management Annals (publishedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Bocconi (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Business Strategy and Innovation
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Innovation and Knowledge Management
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management
Keywords
strategic alliances, inter-organizational collaboration, cooperation, coordination, mate choice, alliance design, partner commitment, interest alignment, alliance success

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