Loneliness in Older Persons: A Predictor of Functional Decline and Death
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Loneliness is a common source of distress, suffering, and impaired quality of life in older persons. We examined the relationship between loneliness, functional decline, and death in adults older than 60 years in the United States. METHODS: This is a longitudinal cohort study of 1604 participants in the psychosocial module of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative study of older persons. Baseline assessment was in 2002 and follow-up assessments occurred every 2 years until 2008. Subjects were asked if they (1) feel left out, (2) feel isolated, or (3) lack companionship. Subjects were categorized as not lonely if they responded hardly ever to all 3 questions and lonely if they responded some of the time or often to any of the 3 questions. The primary outcomes were time to death over 6 years and functional decline over 6 years on the following 4 measures: difficulty on an increased number of activities of daily living (ADL), difficulty in an increased number of upper extremity tasks, decline in mobility, or increased difficulty in stair climbing. Multivariate analyses adjusted for demographic variables, socioeconomic status, living situation, depression, and various medical conditions. RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 71 years. Fifty-nine percent were women; 81% were white, 11%, black, and 6%, Hispanic; and 18% lived alone. Among the elderly participants, 43% reported feeling lonely. Loneliness was associated with all outcome measures. Lonely subjects were more likely to experience decline in ADL (24.8% vs 12.5%; adjusted risk ratio [RR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.23-2.07); develop difficulties with upper extremity tasks (41.5% vs 28.3%; adjusted RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08-1.52); experience decline in mobility (38.1% vs 29.4%; adjusted RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.99-1.41); or experience difficulty in climbing (40.8% vs 27.9%; adjusted RR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.10-1.57). Loneliness was associated with an increased risk of death (22.8% vs 14.2%; adjusted HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.11-1.88). CONCLUSION: Among participants who were older than 60 years, loneliness was a predictor of functional decline and death.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Loneliness is linked to a variety of negative health outcomes, including high blood pressure, disability, functional decline, depression, and cognitive decline.
“research demonstrates that loneliness is linked to a variety of negative health outcomes, including high blood pressure [4], disability [5], functional decline [2], depression [6], and cognitive decline [7].”
In a sample of over 1600 older adults participating in the Health and Retirement Study, 43% reported feeling lonely.
“In a sample of over 1600 older adults participating in the Health and Retirement Study, 43% reported feeling lonely105.”
From Psychobiological factors of resilience and depression in late life (2019) · cites this paper as [105]
Surveys in Europe and the USA estimate the prevalence of loneliness ranges from 5% to 43% in the elderly.
“Surveys in Europe and the USA estimate the prevalence of loneliness ranges from 5% to 43% in the elderly 1-4 , with similar figures for China 5 .”
From An overview of systematic reviews on the public health consequences of social isolation and loneliness (2017) · cites this paper as [4]
Social isolation and loneliness are common in populations throughout the world.
“In populations throughout the world, social isolation (defined as an objective lack of interactions with others or the wider community) and loneliness (defined as the subjective feeling of the absence of a social network or a companion) are common.”
From An overview of systematic reviews on the public health consequences of social isolation and loneliness (2017) · cites this paper as [4]
Theeke estimated that 19.3% of noninstitutionalized or community-dwelling US adults over age 65 reported feeling lonely for much of the previous week.
“using a single-item direct question from the 2002 Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n = 8,932), Theeke [14] estimated that 19.3% of noninstitutionalized or community-dwelling US adults over the age of 65 years reported feeling lonely for much of the previous week.”
From Loneliness and health in older adults: a mini-review and synthesis (2016) · cites this paper as [14]
Perceived isolation, or loneliness, is associated with worse physical and mental health and higher mortality.
“even just the perception of isolation (colloquially referred to as loneliness) is associated with poor physical and mental health10,11 and higher mortality rates6,8,12,13.”
From Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis (2019) · cites this paper as [13]
Loneliness, independent of social network size, is associated with higher mortality.
“Consistent with this, loneliness—independent of social network size—is associated with higher mortality13,193 increased blood pressure11,194, higher rate of diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, emphysema195, and Alzheimer’s disease196, along with poor health habits stemming from a lack of self-control197,198.”
From Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis (2019) · cites this paper as [13]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A Short Scale for Measuring Loneliness in Large Surveys: Results From Two Population-Based Studies
Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2004) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027504268574 · Cited by 4,781 · see citing works
Loneliness and health: potential mechanisms
Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Crawford, L. E., Ernst, J. M., Burleson, M. H., Kowalewski, R. B., Malarkey, W. B., Van Cauter, E., & Berntson, G. G. (2002) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200205000-00005 · Cited by 1,149 · see citing works
Loneliness, social isolation, and behavioral and biological health indicators in older adults.
Shankar, A., McMunn, A., Banks, J., & Steptoe, A. (2011) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022826 · Cited by 1,100 · see citing works
Depressive Symptoms and Physical Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Persons
Penninx, B. W. J. H. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.279.21.1720 · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Index for 4-Year Mortality in Older Adults
Lee, S. J. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.7.801 · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Hawkley, L. C., Thisted, R. A., Masi, C. M., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0017805 · Cited by 726 · see citing works
Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Norman, G. J., & Berntson, G. G. (2011) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06028.x · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2007) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00501.x · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Association Between Late-Life Social Activity and Motor Decline in Older Adults
Buchman, A. S., Boyle, P. A., Wilson, R. S., Fleischman, D. A., Leurgans, S. E., & Bennett, D. A. (2009) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.135 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Cognitive Impairment, Depressive Symptoms, and Functional Decline in Older People
Mehta, K. M., Yaffe, K. S., & Covinsky, K. E. (2002) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50259.x · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Self-citationSegrin, C. G., & Passalacqua, S. A. (2010) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410231003773334 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Lenze, E. J., Schulz, R., Martire, L. M., Zdaniuk, B., Glass, T. A., Kop, W. J., Jackson, S., & Reynolds, C. F. (2005) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53202.x · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Tsai, H.-H., Tsai, Y.-F., Wang, H.-H., Chang, Y.-C., & Chu, H. H. (2010) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2010.501057 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Morbidity and disability in older persons in the years prior to death.
Guralnik, J. M., LaCroix, A. Z., Branch, L. G., Kasl, S. V., & Wallace, R. B. (1991) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.81.4.443 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Loneliness and nursing home admission among rural older adults.
Russell, D. W., Cutrona, C. E., de la Mora, A., & Wallace, R. B. (1997) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037//0882-7974.12.4.574 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Loneliness as a predictor of quality of life among older caregivers
Ekwall, A. K., Sivberg, B. V., & Hallberg, I. R. (2004) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03260.x · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Loneliness and nursing home admission among rural older adults.
Russell, D. W., Cutrona, C. E., de la Mora, A., & Wallace, R. B. (1997) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.12.4.574 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Buchman, A. S., Boyle, P. A., Wilson, R. S., James, B. D., Leurgans, S. E., Arnold, S. E., & Bennett, D. A. (2010) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-10-77 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Social Support, Loneliness, Recuperative Processes, and Their Direct and Indirect Effects on Health
Segrin, C. G., & Domschke, T. J. (2011) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2010.546771 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Cattan, M., Kime, N., & Bagnall, A.-M. (2010) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2010.00967.x · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Cummings, S. M., Neff, J. A., & Husaini, B. (2003) · Health & Social Work · doi:10.1093/hsw/28.1.23 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Chronic Conditions and Mortality Among the Oldest Old
Lee, S. J., Go, A. S., Lindquist, K. J., Bertenthal, D., & Covinsky, K. E. (2008) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2007.130955 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationPerry, D. (2005) · Rejuvenation Research · doi:10.1089/rej.2005.8.267 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Positive affect and distressed affect over the day in older people.
Steptoe, A., Leigh, E. S., & Meena Kumari, B. (2011) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0023303 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Weiner, A., Roe, D., Mashiach‐Eizenberg, M., Baloush-Kleinman, V., Maoz, H., & Yanos, P. T. (2009) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-009-9279-3 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Mortality: A Meta-Analytic Review
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., Baker, M., Harris, T., & Stephenson, D. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691614568352 · Cited by 6,043 · see citing works
Social isolation, loneliness, and all-cause mortality in older men and women
Steptoe, A., Shankar, A., Demakakos, P., & Wardle, J. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1219686110 · Cited by 2,503 · see citing works
Leigh-Hunt, N., Bagguley, D., Bash, K., Turner, V., Turnbull, S., Valtorta, N., & Caan, W. (2017) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2017.07.035 · Cited by 2,158 · see citing works
Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: a scoping review
Courtin, E., & Knapp, M. (2017) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.12311 · Cited by 1,463 · see citing works
Loneliness: clinical import and interventions
Cacioppo, S., Grippo, A. J., London, S., Goossens, L., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691615570616 · Cited by 1,206 · see citing works
Factors influencing acceptance of technology for aging in place: A systematic review
Peek, S. T. M., Wouters, E. J. M., van Hoof, J., Luijkx, K. G., Boeije, H. R., & Vrijhoef, H. J. M. (2014) · International Journal of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2014.01.004 · Cited by 1,206 · see citing works
Social relationships and health: The toxic effects of perceived social isolation
Cacioppo, J. T., & Cacioppo, S. (2014) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12087 · Cited by 1,057 · see citing works
Advancing social connection as a public health priority in the United States.
Holt-Lunstad, J., Robles, T. F., & Sbarra, D. A. (2017) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000103 · Cited by 978 · see citing works
The trajectory of loneliness in response to COVID-19
Luchetti, M., Lee, J. H., Aschwanden, D., Sesker, A., Strickhouser, J. E., Terracciano, A., & Sutin, A. R. (2020) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000690 · Cited by 903 · see citing works
Loneliness and health in older adults: a mini-review and synthesis
Ong, A. D., Uchino, B. N., & Wethington, E. (2016) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000441651 · Cited by 868 · see citing works
Holt-Lunstad, J. (2018) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011902 · Cited by 873 · see citing works
Donovan, N. J., & Blazer, D. (2020) · The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2020.08.005 · Cited by 739 · see citing works
Cohen-Mansfield, J., Hazan, H., Lerman, Y., & Shalom, V. (2016) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610215001532 · Cited by 691 · see citing works
Cotten, S. R., Anderson, W. A., & McCullough, B. M. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2306 · Cited by 664 · see citing works
Toward a neurology of loneliness
Cacioppo, S., Capitanio, J. P., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0037618 · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Gale, C. R., Westbury, L., & Cooper, C. (2018) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afx188 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
“However, prospective findings linking high levels of loneliness with decline in gait speed [7] or mobility [8], and increased difficulties with activities of daily life [7], or upper extremity tasks [8] suggest that loneliness may increase the likelihood of sarcopenia, an agerelated syndrome characterised by loss of s…”
BackgroundEvolutionary mechanisms for loneliness
Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., & Boomsma, D. I. (2014) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2013.837379 · Cited by 576 · see citing works
Loneliness, depression and cognitive function in older U.S. adults
Donovan, N. J., Wu, Q., Rentz, D. M., Sperling, R. A., Marshall, G. A., & Glymour, M. M. (2017) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4495 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Reynolds, C. F., Jeste, D. V., Sachdev, P. S., & Blazer, D. G. (2022) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20996 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Social relationships and depression: ten-year follow-up from a nationally representative study
Teo, A. R., Choi, H., & Valenstein, M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062396 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Lonely young adults in modern Britain: findings from an epidemiological cohort study
Matthews, T., Danese, A., Caspi, A., Fisher, H. L., Goldman-Mellor, S., Kepa, A., Moffitt, T. E., Odgers, C. L., & Arseneault, L. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718000788 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Pain, depression, and fatigue: Loneliness as a longitudinal risk factor.
Jaremka, L. M., Andridge, R. R., Fagundes, C. P., Alfano, C. M., Povoski, S. P., Lipari, A. M., Agnese, D. M., Arnold, M. W., Farrar, W. B., Yee, L. D., et al. (2014) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034012 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
SMITH, K. J., & VICTOR, C. (2019) · Ageing and Society · doi:10.1017/s0144686x18000132 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis
Matthews, G. A., & Tye, K. M. (2019) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14016 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
The Need for a Mental Health Technology Revolution in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Figueroa, C. A., & Aguilera, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00523 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
The default network of the human brain is associated with perceived social isolation
Spreng, R. N., Dimas, E., Mwilambwe-Tshilobo, L., Dagher, A., Koellinger, P., Nave, G., Ong, A., Kernbach, J. M., Wiecki, T. V., Ge, T., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20039-w · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Psychobiological factors of resilience and depression in late life
Laird, K. T., Krause, B., Funes, C., & Lavretsky, H. (2019) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0424-7 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
A systematic review of loneliness and smoking: small effects, big implications
Dyal, S. R., & Valente, T. W. (2015) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2015.1027933 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
The role of social isolation in social anxiety disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Teo, A. R., Lerrigo, R., & Rogers, M. A. M. (2013) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.03.010 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
A biopsychosocial model of chronic pain for older adults
Miaskowski, C., Blyth, F., Nicosia, F., Haan, M., Keefe, F., Smith, A., & Ritchie, C. (2020) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnz329 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Holwerda, T. J., van Tilburg, T. G., Deeg, D. J. H., Schutter, N., Van, R., Dekker, J., Stek, M. L., Beekman, A. T. F., & Schoevers, R. A. (2016) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.115.168005 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Voice‐Controlled Intelligent Personal Assistants to Support Aging in Place
O'Brien, K., Liggett, A., Ramirez‐Zohfeld, V., Sunkara, P., & Lindquist, L. A. (2020) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.16217 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Loneliness among older adults in the community during COVID-19: A cross-sectional survey in Canada
Savage, R. D., Wu, W., Li, J., Lawson, A., Bronskill, S. E., Chamberlain, S. A., Grieve, J., Gruneir, A., Reppas-Rindlisbacher, C., Stall, N. M., et al. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044517 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Salinas, J., Beiser, A. S., Samra, J. K., O'Donnell, A., DeCarli, C. S., Gonzales, M. M., Aparicio, H. J., & Seshadri, S. (2022) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000200039 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Addressing Social Isolation To Improve the Health of Older Adults: A Rapid Review
Veazie, S., Gilbert, J., Winchell, K., Paynter, R., & Guise, J.-M. (2019) · doi:10.23970/ahrqepc-rapidisolation · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Impact of living alone on institutionalization and mortality: A population-based longitudinal study
Pimouguet, C., Rizzuto, D., Schön, P., Shakersain, B., Angleman, S., Lagergren, M., Fratiglioni, L., & Xu, W. (2016) · The European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckv052 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Social support agents for older adults: longitudinal affective computing in the home
Ring, L., Shi, L., Totzke, K., & Bickmore, T. (2015) · Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces · doi:10.1007/s12193-014-0157-0 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Loneliness, Health, and Longevity
Stessman, J., Rottenberg, Y., Shimshilashvili, I., Ein-Mor, E., & Jacobs, J. M. (2014) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/glt147 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Decoding the invisible forces of social connections
Cacioppo, S., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00051 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Van Orden, K. A., Stone, D. M., Rowe, J., McIntosh, W. L., Podgorski, C., & Conwell, Y. (2013) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2013.03.003 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Bott, N., Wexler, S., Drury, L., Pollak, C., Wang, V., Scher, K., & Narducci, S. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/13440 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
An investigation into the patterns of loneliness and loss in the oldest old – Newcastle 85+ Study
BRITTAIN, K., KINGSTON, A., DAVIES, K., COLLERTON, J., ROBINSON, L. A., KIRKWOOD, T. B. L., BOND, J., & JAGGER, C. (2017) · Ageing and Society · doi:10.1017/s0144686x15001142 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Cognitive and Neural Correlates of Loneliness and Wisdom during Emotional Bias
Grennan, G., Balasubramani, P. P., Alim, F., Zafar-Khan, M., Lee, E. E., Jeste, D. V., & Mishra, J. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab012 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Sullivan, K. M. (2014) · Journal of Gerontological Social Work · doi:10.1080/01634372.2013.867002 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Byrne, K. A., Anaraky, R. G., Dye, C., Ross, L. A., Chalil Madathil, K., Knijnenburg, B., & Levkoff, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.723925 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Dworschak, C., Heim, E., & Maercker, A. (2022) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2022.100498 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Social media and social wellbeing in later life
Quinn, K. (2021) · Ageing and Society · doi:10.1017/s0144686x19001570 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Verma, R., Harris, N. M., Friedler, B. D., Crapser, J., Patel, A. R., Venna, V., & McCullough, L. D. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep25176 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Stegen, H., Duppen, D., Savieri, P., Stas, L., Pan, H., Aartsen, M., Callewaert, H., Dierckx, E., & De Donder, L. (2024) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610224000425 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Liu, C., Fabius, C. D., Howard, V. J., Haley, W. E., & Roth, D. L. (2021) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264320961946 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Elder orphans on facebook: Implications for mattering and social isolation
Francis, J. (2022) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.107023 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Personality traits and the risk of becoming lonely in old age: A 5-year follow-up study
Ormstad, H., Eilertsen, G., Heir, T., & Sandvik, L. (2020) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-020-01303-5 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Chung, J., Gendron, T., Winship, J., Wood, R. E., Mansion, N., Parsons, P., & Demiris, G. (2024) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnad145 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Loneliness and low life satisfaction associated with older adults’ poor oral health
Finlayson, T. L., Moss, K. L., Jones, J. A., Preisser, J. S., & Weintraub, J. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1428699 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Zhou, M., Cheng, Z., Sabran, K., & Zahari, Z. A. (2024) · Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology · doi:10.1080/17483107.2023.2294988 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Kascakova, N., Furstova, J., Hasto, J., & Tavel, P. (2025) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.102982 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
A proactive phone intervention for older adults to address loneliness identified by a health plan
Hough, K. A., Tha, S. H., Perissinotto, C. M., Burnes, P., & Kotwal, A. A. (2024) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.15223 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationRobinson, E., Dickins, M., Lad, L., Beard, S., McGill, D., Hayes, J., Fabri, A. M., Wade, H., Meyer, C., & Lowthian, J. A. (2024) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnae034 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Younes, R. S., Ziade, C., Moukarzel, C., & Abboud Mzawak, M. (2026) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci15080497 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Perissinotto, C. M., Stijacic Cenzer, I., & Covinsky, K. E.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Perissinotto, Carla M.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2012-07-23
- Volume
- 172
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1078-83
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4383762
- OpenAlex
- W2008067465
- Cited by
- 1,269
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 60 · 2025: 130 · 2024: 117 · 2023: 125 · 2022: 135 · 2021: 157 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 99 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 54.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Health Resources and Services Administration
- U.S. Public Health Service (K01HP20489)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG028481, K24AG029812)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- loneliness, older adults, functional decline, activities of daily living, mobility decline, stair climbing, mortality, social isolation, companionship, quality of life, living alone, Health and Retirement Study, psychosocial well-being, depression, socioeconomic status, living situation, social connectedness
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Loneliness, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, United States, Walking, Upper Extremity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
