Cited by 3,716Psychological Testing and AssessmentChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

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A Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS)

Shaffer, David·1983·Archives of General Psychiatry

DOI 10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010

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Abstract

We evaluated the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), an adaptation of the Global Assessment Scale for adults. Our findings indicate that the CGAS can be a useful measure of overall severity of disturbance. It was found to be reliable between raters and across time. Moreover, it demonstrated both discriminant and concurrent validity. Given these favorable psychometric properties and its relative simplicity, the CGAS is recommended to both clinicians and researchers as a complement to syndrome-specific scales.

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The Global Assessment Scale: A Procedure for Measuring Overall Severity of Psychiatric Disturbance
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“■ CGAS.”
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Method
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Method
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Method
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Method
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“Higher scores indicate better functioning, with categories ranging from ‘extremely impaired’ (1–10) to ‘doing very well’ (91–100) [35].”
Background
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“1987) total score, and positive and negative symptom subscores; Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scale (Guy 1976) scores; Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) (Shaffer et al. 1983); and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) (Endicott et al.”
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“Graduate-level clinicians with established interrater reliability ( k (cid:1) 0.9) rated participants weekly on the CGI-I and PANSS, aswell asthe following measures: YMRS (Young et al. 1978), Children’s Depression Rating Scale (CDRS) (Emslie et al. 1990), and Children’s Global Assessment–Severity (CGA-S) (Shaffer et a…”
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“Whilst both the experimental treatment group and the control group improved on measures of global functioning (assessed by the C-GAS; Shaffer et al., 1983) in the first six months, only the experimental group showed evidence of a shift to a non-clinical range maintained at two year follow-up.”
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“Severity of disability and level of functioning in patients were determined using the Children’s Global Assessment of Functioning (C-GAF) scale.(31) This scale rates the level of functioning in the past month on an ordinal scale ranging from 1 (requires supervision at all times) to 100 (high functioning).”
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“Theseverity of this population’s illness is also evident in the mean (SD) baseline CGI-S ratings (placebo, 4.6 [0.7]; risperidone 1–3 mg, 4.7 [0.8]; and risperidone 4–6 mg, 4.5 [0.7]) and in CGAS scores (placebo, 42.2 [12.3]; risperidone 1–3mg, 39.0 [12.7] and risperidone 4–6 mg, 41.9 [11.6]) (Table 2).”
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“2.7 Children's Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS) and Family Global Assessment Scale (FGAS) The Children's Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS) was administered blind and was adapted from the Global Assessment Scale for Adults (Shaffer et al., 1983).”
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“Upon completion of the parental interview, interviewers were asked to score the Children Global Assessment Scale (CGAS; Shaffer et al, 1983) as an indexofglobalimpairmentofpsychologicalfunctioning.”
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MethodInfluential
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“Helpful, reliable, and valid measures include an assessment of overall functioning, such as the Children’s Global Assessment Scale, a measure of the most common cardinal symptom, the Children’s Yale-Brown ObsessiveCompulsive Scale, and other symptom-specific measures (Clinical Global Impairment Scale, adapted to targe…”
Method

Authors: Shaffer, D.
Affiliations: Columbia University (US)
Corresponding author: Shaffer, David
Venue: Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 1983-11-01
Volume: 40
Issue: 11
Pages: 1228
ISSN: 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010
OpenAlex: W2114776324
Cited by: 3,716
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 114 · 2025: 102 · 2024: 134 · 2023: 138 · 2022: 178 · 2021: 204 · 2020: 185 · 2019: 156 · 2018: 143 · 2017: 137 · 2016: 171 · 2015: 165 · 2014: 174 · 2013: 163 · 2012: 142
FWCI: 11.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: Children's Global Assessment Scale, Global Assessment Scale, child psychiatry, psychometric properties, inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, concurrent validity
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Age Factors, Ambulatory Care, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Mental Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Parents, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics

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A Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS)

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