Autonomic and brain responses associated with empathy deficits in autism spectrum disorder
Open accessAbstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that autonomic signals and their cortical representations are closely linked to emotional processes, and that related abnormalities could lead to social deficits. Although socio‐emotional impairments are a defining feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), empirical evidence directly supporting the link between autonomic, cortical, and socio‐emotional abnormalities in ASD is still lacking. In this study, we examined autonomic arousal indexed by skin conductance responses (SCR), concurrent cortical responses measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging, and effective brain connectivity estimated by dynamic causal modeling in seventeen unmedicated high‐functioning adults with ASD and seventeen matched controls while they performed an empathy‐for‐pain task. Compared to controls, adults with ASD showed enhanced SCR related to empathetic pain, along with increased neural activity in the anterior insular cortex, although their behavioral empathetic pain discriminability was reduced and overall SCR was decreased. ASD individuals also showed enhanced correlation between SCR and neural activities in the anterior insular cortex. Importantly, significant group differences in effective brain connectivity were limited to greater reduction in the negative intrinsic connectivity of the anterior insular cortex in the ASD group, indicating a failure in attenuating anterior insular responses to empathetic pain. These results suggest that aberrant interoceptive precision, as indexed by abnormalities in autonomic activity and its central representations, may underlie empathy deficits in ASD. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3323–3338, 2015. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published byWiley Periodicals, Inc.
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In high-functioning adults with ASD during an empathy for pain task, DCM found greater disinhibition in the anterior insula compared to a control group.
“They found a greater disinhibition in the anterior insula in a group of high-functioning adults with ASD compared to a control group.”
From Can Bayesian Theories of Autism Spectrum Disorder Help Improve Clinical Practice? (2016) · cites this paper as [136]
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Schoeller, F., Horowitz, A. H., Jain, A., Maes, P., Reggente, N., Christov-Moore, L., Pezzulo, G., Barca, L., Allen, M., Salomon, R., et al. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105478 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationInteroceptive awareness mitigates deficits in emotional prosody recognition in Autism
Mulcahy, J. S., Davies, M., Quadt, L., Critchley, H. D., & Garfinkel, S. N. (2019) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.05.011 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gu, X., Eilam‐Stock, T., Zhou, T., Anagnostou, E., Kolevzon, A., Soorya, L., Hof, P. R., Friston, K. J., & Fan, J.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (GB)
- Queens College, CUNY (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Rush University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gu, Xiaosi
- Fan, Jin
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-05-21
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3323-3338
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC4545680
- OpenAlex
- W1495061807
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 4.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Health [NIH] (R21 MH083164)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- James S. McDonnell Foundation Grant (22002078)
- Wellcome Trust
- Wellcome Trust Principal Award (Dr. Read Montague)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, empathy deficits, skin conductance response, autonomic arousal, anterior insula, interoception, effective brain connectivity, dynamic causal modeling, high-functioning adults
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adult, Bayes Theorem, Brain, Brain Mapping, Discrimination, Psychological, Empathy, Galvanic Skin Response, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Neurological, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Pain, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Linear Models
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