Uniquely human social cognition
Abstract
Recent data identify distinct components of social cognition associated with five brain regions. In posterior temporal cortex, the extrastriate body area is associated with perceiving the form of other human bodies. A nearby region in the posterior superior temporal sulcus is involved in interpreting the motions of a human body in terms of goals. A distinct region at the temporo-parietal junction supports the uniquely human ability to reason about the contents of mental states. Medial prefrontal cortex is divided into at least two subregions. Ventral medial prefrontal cortex is implicated in emotional empathy, whereas dorsal medial prefrontal cortex is implicated in the uniquely human representation of triadic relations between two minds and an object, supporting shared attention and collaborative goals.
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Some social cognition regions important for empathy were significantly activated in a paradigm using photographs of older own vs other children (5-12 years), including anterior paracingulate, posterior cingulate, and superior temporal sulcus (Leibenluft et al., 2004; Saxe, 2006).
“Some social cognition regions which are important for empathy were significantly activated in this paradigm, including anterior paracingulate, posterior cingulate and superior temporal sulcus (Saxe, 2006).”
From Approaching the biology of human parental attachment: Brain imaging, oxytocin and coordinated assessments of mothers and fathers (2014) · cites this paper as Saxe, 2006
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- Authors
- Saxe, R.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Saxe, Rebecca
- ORCID
- Saxe, Rebecca
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-04
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 235-239
- ISSN
- 0959-4388 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2000917789
- Cited by
- 919
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 55 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 55
- FWCI
- 6.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Keywords
- social cognition, human uniqueness, extrastriate body area, posterior superior temporal sulcus, temporoparietal junction, medial prefrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, theory of mind, joint attention, affective empathy, triadic relationships
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Cognition, Emotions, Humans, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychology, Parietal Lobe, Social Behavior, Temporal Lobe, Thinking, Prefrontal Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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