Cited by 129Memory and Neural MechanismsNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Maturation of the hippocampal formation and amygdala in Macaca mulatta: A volumetric magnetic resonance imaging study

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Payne, Christa, Machado, Christopher J., Bliwise, Nancy G., Bachevalier, Jocelyne·2010·Hippocampus

Abstract

Malformations of the hippocampal formation and amygdala have been implicated in several neurodevelopmental disorders; yet relatively little is known about their normal structural development. The purpose of this study was to characterize the early developmental trajectories of the hippocampus and amygdala in the rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) using noninvasive MRI techniques. T1‐weighted structural scans of 22 infant and juvenile monkeys (11 male, 11 female) were obtained between 1 week and approximately 2 yrs of age. Ten animals (five males, five females) were scanned multiple times and 12 monkeys (six males, six females) were scanned once between 1 and 4 weeks of age. Both structures exhibited significant age‐related changes throughout the first 2 yrs of life that were not explained by overall brain development. The hippocampal formation increased 117.05% in males and 110.86% in females. No sex differences were evident, but the left hemisphere was significantly larger than the right. The amygdala increased 86.49% in males and 72.94% in females with males exhibiting a larger right than left amygdala. For both structures, the most substantial volumetric increases were seen within the first month, but the hippocampal formation appeared to develop more slowly than the amygdala with the rate of hippocampal maturation stabilizing around 11 months and that of amygdala maturation stabilizing around 8 months. Differences in volumetric developmental trajectories of the hippocampal formation and amygdala largely mirror differences in the timing of the functional development of these structures. The current results emphasize the importance of including early postnatal ages when assessing developmental trajectories of neuroanatomical structures and reinforces the utility of nonhuman primates in the assessment of normal developmental patterns. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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  • The amygdala may be particularly vulnerable to early stressors because of high glucocorticoid receptor density and a postnatal developmental trajectory of rapid initial growth and gradual pruning.

    “The amygdala may be particularly vulnerable to such effects of early stressors due to high glucocorticoid receptor density (7) and to a postnatal developmental trajectory characterized by rapid initial growth and gradual pruning (8, 9).”

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Authors
Payne, C., Machado, C. J., Bliwise, N. G., & Bachevalier, J.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
  • Emory University (US)
Corresponding author
Payne, Christa
Venue
Hippocampus
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2010-07-21
Volume
20
Issue
8
Pages
922-935
ISSN
  • 1050-9631 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-1063
OpenAlex
W2106644459
Cited by
129
References
87
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 15
FWCI
4.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Hippocampus (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Autism Speaks (AS1657)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH058846, MH 58846)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR-00 165, P51RR000165)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01HD035471, HD35471)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
hippocampal formation, amygdala, brain development, neurodevelopmental disorders, rhesus monkeys, volumetric growth, sex differences, hemispheric lateralization, postnatal development, developmental trajectories, nonhuman primate model
MeSH terms
Amygdala, Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Hippocampus, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Longitudinal Studies, Macaca mulatta, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male

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