Feasibility, Acceptability, and Depression Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindful Self-Compassion for Teens (MSC-T) for Adolescents with Subsyndromal Depression
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Introduction: Adolescents are experiencing high rates of depressive symptoms, with negative consequences to their long‐term health. Group‐based, mindful self‐compassion programs show promise in mitigating the development of more significant depression in at‐risk adolescents. However, the lack of well‐designed, active control conditions has limited the ability to examine the efficacy of such interventions. Methods: Fifty‐nine adolescents (Mage = 15.81, 70% female) with subsyndromal depressive symptoms from the Southeastern US were randomized to group‐based Mindful Self‐Compassion for Teens (N = 30) or a newly developed active control Healthy Lifestyles group (N = 29) during 2018 and 2019. Participants attended 8 weekly “main” sessions followed by 6 monthly continuation sessions. The feasibility and acceptability of participation in both groups were measured using attrition, attendance, credibility, and satisfaction data. Depression scores were collected weekly, and self‐compassion scores were collected five times across 36 weeks. Results: Both groups were equally feasible and acceptable during the 8‐week program period; however, monthly continuation sessions were poorly attended in both groups. The risk of developing clinically significant depression was 2.6 times higher in the control group compared with the self‐compassion group (p = .037) across 36 weeks. Depression significantly decreased in the self‐compassion group, while it significantly increased in the control group. Both groups increased significantly in reports of self‐compassion. These findings are on par with results noting the efficacy of cognitive‐based interventions for high‐risk adolescents; follow‐up studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted to confirm these findings. Conclusions: Initial examination suggests Mindful Self‐Compassion for Teens programming is feasible, acceptable, and efficacious in preventing the development of clinically significant depression in adolescents with subsyndromal depression. Future studies may benefit from refinements to the self‐compassion measurement and/or the attention control condition; moreover, larger sample sizes are needed to confirm results.
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Studies that integrated gratitude journaling, reflective exercises, or compassion-based techniques reported greater improvements in emotional well-being, particularly in reducing depressive symptoms and enhancing self-compassion.
“Studies that integrated gratitude journaling, reflective exercises, or compassion-based techniques reported greater improvements in emotional well-being, particularly in reducing depressive symptoms and enhancing self-compassion [26,52].”
From The Effects of Mindfulness Techniques on Anxiety, Depression, and Stress, with an Emphasis on Gratitude: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2026) · cites this paper as [26]
The Results (Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms and Self-Compassion; page unavailable) show that depressive symptoms decreased faster with mindful self-compassion training than in the control group. Self-compassion increased in both groups, with no significant difference in their trajectories, so this source does not support a greater improvement in self-compassion from the intervention. It does not establish an effect of gratitude journaling. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Li, S., Fu, Y., Cui, D., He, A., Wang, J., Wang, H., Yu, J., Li, X. Y., & Huang, J. (2026) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2026.2674275
Rashtabad, M. K., Mikaeili, N., & Dafchahi, P. K. (2026) · Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health · doi:10.66224/jcmh.13.2.5
Sun, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1969277
- Authors
- Bluth, K., Lathren, C., Park, J., Lynch, C., Curry, J., Harris‐Britt, A., & Gaylord, S.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Duke University (US)
- AHB Center for Behavioral Health and Wellness Durham North Carolina USA
- Corresponding author
- Bluth, Karen
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescence
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2023-11-27
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 322-336
- ISSN
- 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9254
- PMC
- PMC10948004
- OpenAlex
- W4389069661
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 4.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- mindful self-compassion, adolescents, subthreshold depression, depression prevention, active control, feasibility and acceptability, attrition, self-compassion, group intervention
- MeSH terms
- Self-Compassion, Adolescent, Depression, Feasibility Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Mindfulness
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