A Randomized Trial of MBSR Versus Aerobic Exercise for Social Anxiety Disorder
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Effective treatments for social anxiety disorder (SAD) exist, but additional treatment options are needed for nonresponders as well as those who are either unable or unwilling to engage in traditional treatments. Mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) is one nontraditional treatment that has demonstrated efficacy in treating other mood and anxiety disorders, and preliminary data suggest its efficacy in SAD as well. Method: Fifty‐six adults (52% female; 41% Caucasian; age mean [M] ± standard deviation [SD]: 32.8 ± 8.4) with SAD were randomized to MBSR or an active comparison condition, aerobic exercise (AE). At baseline and post‐intervention, participants completed measures of clinical symptoms (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory‐II, and Perceived Stress Scale) and subjective well‐being (Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Self‐Compassion Scale, and UCLA‐8 Loneliness Scale). At 3 months post‐intervention, a subset of these measures was readministered. For clinical significance analyses, 48 healthy adults (52.1% female; 56.3% Caucasian; age [M ± SD]: 33.9 ± 9.8) were recruited. MBSR and AE participants were also compared with a separate untreated group of 29 adults (44.8% female; 48.3% Caucasian; age [M ± SD]: 32.3 ± 9.4) with generalized SAD who completed assessments over a comparable time period with no intervening treatment. Results: A 2 (Group) x 2 (Time) repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) on measures of clinical symptoms and well‐being were conducted to examine pre‐intervention to post‐intervention and pre‐intervention to 3‐month follow‐up. Both MBSR and AE were associated with reductions in social anxiety and depression and increases in subjective well‐being, both immediately post‐intervention and at 3 months post‐intervention. When participants in the randomized controlled trial were compared with the untreated SAD group, participants in both interventions exhibited improvements on measures of clinical symptoms and well‐being. Conclusion: Nontraditional interventions such as MBSR and AE merit further exploration as alternative or complementary treatments for SAD. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Clin. Psychol. 68:715‐731, 2012
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Two recent RCTs have reported MBSR as an effective intervention for social anxiety disorder.
“there are two recent RCTs that have reported MBSR as an effective intervention for SAD (Jazaieri, Goldin, Werner, Ziv, & Gross, 2012; Koszycki, Benger, Shlik, & Bradwejn, 2007).”
From Facing the fear of failure: An explorative qualitative study of client experiences in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program for university students with academic evaluation anxiety. (2015) · cites this paper as Jazaieri, Goldin, Werner, Ziv, & Gross, 2012
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Assessment and Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Wehry, A. M., Beesdo‐Baum, K., Hennelly, M. M., Connolly, S. D., & Strawn, J. R. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0591-z · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Exercise and Physical Activity in Mental Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Evidence
Zschucke, E., Gaudlitz, K., & Ströhle, A. (2013) · Journal of Preventive Medicine & Public Health · doi:10.3961/jpmph.2013.46.s.s12 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
“Social phobia Only one study targeted EX interventions for social phobia so far, comparing EX to mindfulness-based stress reduction [40].”
BackgroundBritton, W. B., Lepp, N. E., Niles, H. F., Rocha, T., Fisher, N. E., & Gold, J. (2014) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2014.03.002 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Aylett, E., Small, N., & Bower, P. (2018) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-018-3313-5 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
“Participants in these trials had a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder according to DSM criteria [23, 34, 35, 38, 39, 42, 44, 46] or had high anxiety levels / anxiety sensitivity levels on a validated anxiety rating scale [33, 36, 37, 40, 41, 43, 45].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRodebaugh, T. L., Tonge, N., Piccirillo, M. L., Fried, E. I., Horenstein, A., Morrison, A. S., Goldin, P. R., Gross, J. J., Lim, M. H., Fernandez, K. C., et al. (2018) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000336 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness-based stress reduction effects on moral reasoning and decision making
Shapiro, S. L., Jazaieri, H., & Goldin, P. R. (2012) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.723732 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationdeVibe, M., Bjørndal, A., Fattah, S., Dyrdal, G. M., Halland, E., & Tanner-Smith, E. E. (2017) · Campbell Systematic Reviews: Better Evidence for a Better World · doi:10.4073/csr.2017.11 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Apaolaza, V., Hartmann, P., D'Souza, C., & Gilsanz, A. (2019) · Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2018.0681 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
The Role of Emotion and Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder
Jazaieri, H., Morrison, A. S., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0531-3 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness and Self-esteem: A Systematic Review
Randal, C., Pratt, D., & Bucci, S. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0407-6 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“2012), adults with social anxiety disorder (Goldin et al. 2009; Jazaieri et al. 2012) and adults with a range of medical and/or psychological problems (Roth and Creaser 1997).”
InfluentialOn the Run for Hippocampal PlasticityPreprint
Cooper, C. P., Moon, H. Y., & van Praag, H. (2017) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a029736 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Meta-analysis: Aerobic exercise for the treatment of anxiety disorders
Bartley, C. A., Hay, M., & Bloch, M. H. (2013) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.04.016 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Moylan, S., Eyre, H. A., Maes, M., Baune, B. T., Jacka, F. N., & Berk, M. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.02.003 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Waldron, E. M., Hong, S., Moskowitz, J. T., & Burnett-Zeigler, I. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0920-5 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Ströhle, A. (2018) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-018-0891-5 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
MBSR<i>vs</i>aerobic exercise in social anxiety: fMRI of emotion regulation of negative self-beliefs
Goldin, P., Ziv, M., Jazaieri, H., Hahn, K., & Gross, J. J. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss054 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“…by guest on 27 July 2018 that improvement in clinical and well-being measures with AE in patients with SAD (Jazaieri et al., 2012) is likely related to mechanisms other than meta-cognitive attention regulation, such as reduction in autonomic reactivity or…”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationGoldin, P. R., Lee, I., Ziv, M., Jazaieri, H., Heimberg, R. G., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.02.005 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Self-citationGoldin, P., Ziv, M., Jazaieri, H., & Gross, J. J. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00295 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
“From our previous published report (Jazaieri et al., 2012), we know that AE (and MBSR) were associated with significant increases in selfesteem, and that increased self-esteem is associated with pre-topost-AE decreases in social anxiety symptoms (r = 0.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationde Bruin, E. I., van der Zwan, J. E., & Bögels, S. M. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0561-5 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Foroughi, B., Griffiths, M. D., Iranmanesh, M., & Salamzadeh, Y. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-021-00510-5 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Hjeltnes, A., Binder, P.-E., Moltu, C., & Dundas, I. (2015) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.3402/qhw.v10.27990 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Sundquist, J., Lilja, Å., Palmér, K., Memon, A. A., Wang, X., Johansson, L. M., & Sundquist, K. (2015) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.150243 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Goldin, P. R., Morrison, A. S., Jazaieri, H., Heimberg, R. G., & Gross, J. J. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.06.001 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationLeBouthillier, D. M., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2017) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.09.005 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Coronado-Montoya, S., Levis, A. W., Kwakkenbos, L., Steele, R. J., Turner, E. H., & Thombs, B. D. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153220 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“, depression [1, 10], anxiety [11, 12], posttraumatic stress disorder [13], eating disorders [14], substance use disorders [15]), and other medical conditions (e.”
BackgroundA systematic review of mindfulness and acceptance-based treatments for social anxiety disorder
Norton, A. R., Abbott, M. J., Norberg, M. M., & Hunt, C. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22144 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
“, 2007) and AE was equivalently effective (Jazaieri et al., 2012).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialNam, S., & Toneatto, T. (2016) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-016-9667-1 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based interventions for social anxiety disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Liu, X., Yi, P., Ma, L., Liu, W., Deng, W., Yang, X., Liang, M., Luo, J., Li, N., & Li, X. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113935 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Fermented foods, neuroticism, and social anxiety: An interaction model
Hilimire, M. R., DeVylder, J., & Forestell, C. A. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.023 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
“This relationship corresponds to the findings from a recent clinical trial that demonstrated a reduction in social anxiety symptoms following two months of aerobic exercise (Jazaieri et al., 2012).”
ResultA Systematic Review of Loneliness Interventions Among Non-elderly Adults
Bessaha, M. L., Sabbath, E. L., Morris, Z. A., Malik, S., Scheinfeld, L., & Saragossi, J. (2019) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-019-00724-0 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
de Abreu Costa, M., D’Alò de Oliveira, G. S., Tatton-Ramos, T., Manfro, G. G., & Salum, G. A. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-1058-1 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Britton, W. B., Desbordes, G., Acabchuk, R. L., Peters, S., Lindahl, J. R., Canby, N. K., Vago, D. R., Dumais, T., Lipsky, J., Kimmel, H. J., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.730972 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Fogarty, F. A., Lu, L. M., Sollers, J. J., Krivoschekov, S. G., Booth, R. J., & Consedine, N. S. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0242-6 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Khusid, M. A., & Vythilingam, M. (2016) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-14-00677 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“At the 3-month follow-up, both MBSR and aerobic exercise were associated with reduced SAD severity and increased well-being and selfesteem when compared with the untreated SAD group.(54)”
ResultEffects of Relaxation Therapy on Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Kim, H.-S., & Kim, E. J. (2017) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2017.11.015 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“…AR 12 ∗ 60 ∗ 12wks STAI-T, BDI-II, PSWQ ++ Hoge et al. (2013) GAD 89 48 41 18 < MBSR 8 ∗ 120 ∗ 8wks BAI ++ Hoyer et al. (2009) GAD 57 28 29 18–70 AR 15 ∗ 60 ∗ 15wks HAMA, BDI, PSWQ ++ Jazaieri et al. (2012) SAD 56 31 25 adult MBSR 8 ∗ 150 ∗ 8wks LSAS, BDI-II ++ Koszycki, Benger, Shlik, and…”
Foroughi, B., Iranmanesh, M., Nikbin, D., & Hyun, S. S. (2019) · Telematics and Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.tele.2019.101247 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The effects of physical exercise on anxiety symptoms of college students: A meta-analysis
Lin, Y., & Gao, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136900 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Wong, M. Y. C., Chung, P., & Leung, K. M. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01513-4 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“Moreover, the aerobic exerciseonly intervention study by Jazaieri and his colleagues (Jazaieri et al. 2012) stated that aerobic exercises have been examined in the effects on reducing anxiety disorder so as mindfulness-based stress reduction programme; thus, it is expected to influence other…”
BackgroundCan Mindfulness Help to Alleviate Loneliness? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Teoh, S. L., Letchumanan, V., & Lee, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.633319 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Lam, K. K. L., & Zhou, M. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110262 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Evans, S., Wyka, K., Blaha, K. T., & Allen, E. S. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0872-1 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“…undergraduate and graduate students intending to enter helping professions (Felton et al. 2015; Newsome et al. 2012; Shapiro et al. 2007), parents and caregivers of children with developmental disabilities (Bazzano et al. 2013), and individuals with social anxiety disorder (Jazaieri et al. 2012).”
BackgroundVancampfort, D., Ramos-Sánchez, C. P., Hallgren, M. Å., Schuch, F. B., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Damme, T. V., & Stubbs, B. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.003 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Koszycki, D., Thake, J., Mavounza, C., Daoust, J.-P., Taljaard, M., & Bradwejn, J. (2016) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2015.0108 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“25 Our good retention rate indicates that extending a mindfulness program from 8 to 12 weeks and including mindful exposure and self-compassion training as treatment components is feasible, acceptable, and credible to individuals with SAD.”
Individual differences in valence bias: fMRI evidence of the initial negativity hypothesis
Petro, N. M., Tong, T. T., Henley, D. J., & Neta, M. (2018) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsy049 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The Effects of Exercise Training on Anxiety
Herring, M. P., Lindheimer, J. B., & O’Connor, P. J. (2013) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827613508542 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“Exercise and MBSR training were associated with equivalent reductions in self-reported emotional reactivity in response to the negative social anxietyrelated memories and both groups had similar patterns of change in brain responses measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).93 Exercise and MBSR traini…”
ResultInfluentialVan Dam, N. T., Hobkirk, A. L., Sheppard, S. C., Aviles-Andrews, R., & Earleywine, M. (2014) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0229-3 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Evidence is emerging that MMT can be superior (Grossman et al. 2007; Jain et al. 2007) or at least comparable to traditional interventions (e.g., Arch et al. 2013; Jazaieri et al. 2012; Manicavasgar et al. 2011).”
BackgroundMason, J. E., Faller, Y., LeBouthillier, D. M., & Asmundson, G. (2019) · Mental Health and Physical Activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2018.11.003 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Epidemiology of loneliness in a cohort of UK mental health community crisis service users
Wang, J., Lloyd-Evans, B., Marston, L., Ma, R., Mann, F., Solmi, F., & Johnson, S. (2020) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-019-01734-6 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review
Moura, A. D. S., Lamego, M. K., Paes, F., Rocha, N., Simões-Silva, V., Rocha, S., Filho, A. S. S., Rimes, R., Manochio, J., Budde, H., et al. (2015) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527315666151111121259 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Ștefan, C. A., Căpraru, C., & Szilágyi, M. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0899-y · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“In addition, these results are also in accordance with those obtained in clinical samples of SAD reporting decreased levels of emotional distress for participants in the MBSR intervention condition (Jazaieri et al. 2012).”
BackgroundResultMindfulness and acceptance-based behavioral therapies for anxiety disorders.
Roemer, L., Williston, S. K., Eustis, E. H., & Orsillo, S. M. (2013) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-013-0410-3 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“A second study compared MBSR to an aerobic exercise condition and found that both interventions yielded significant, large effects on self-reported social anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and well-being, with no significant difference between treatments [55].”
ResultChung, A. H., Gevirtz, R., Gharbo, R. S., Thiam, M. A., & Ginsberg, J. P. (2021) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-021-09519-x · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Hedman-Lagerlöf, M., Hedman-Lagerlöf, E., & Öst, L.-G. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718000259 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“Eight studies (Piet et al. 2010; Asmaee Majid et al. 2012; Jazaieri et al. 2012; Kearney et al. 2013; Guardino et al. 2014; Ong et al. 2014; Zhang et al. 2015; Wahbeh et al. 2016) out of 19 had high risk of detection bias and only five studies (Barnhofer et al.”
BackgroundTreating Social Anxiety Disorder with CBT: Impact on Emotion Regulation and Satisfaction with Life
Jazaieri, H., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2016) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9762-4 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“To our knowledge, aside from the work in our laboratory (Jazaieri et al. 2012), we are unaware of any published studies that specifically report on satisfaction with life in SAD.”
BackgroundSelf-citationKim, H.-J., Lee, S., Jung, D., Hur, J.-W., Lee, H.-J., Lee, S., Kim, G., Cho, C., Choi, S., Lee, S., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/23024 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“In particular, SAD can impair work, research, and social life [4,5], as well as reduce well-being [6].”
BackgroundYe, S., Cheng, H., Zhai, Z., & Liu, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.698748 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Joss, D., & Teicher, M. H. (2021) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-021-00240-4 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Zika, M. A., & Becker, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.653108 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“We could not conduct a meta-analysis for stress as a moderator between PA and SA symptoms, as stress was reported in two studies only, which present different study designs and used different stress measures (Mamen et al., 2011; Jazaieri et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialAn open trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction for young adults with social anxiety disorder.
Hjeltnes, A., Molde, H., Schanche, E., Vøllestad, J., Lillebostad Svendsen, J., Moltu, C., & Binder, P. (2017) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12342 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Kirby, J. N., & Gilbert, P. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-1088-8 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Nylocks, K. M., Rafaeli, E., Bar‐Kalifa, E., Flynn, J. J., & Coifman, K. G. (2018) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-018-9729-8 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Compassionate meditation to heal from race-related stress: A pilot study with Asian Americans.
Hwang, W., & Chan, C. P. (2019) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/ort0000372 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Platt, L. M., Whitburn, A. I., Platt-Koch, A. G., & Koch, R. L. (2016) · Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services · doi:10.3928/02793695-20160725-07 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Filipe, M. G., Magalhães, S., Veloso, A. S., Costa, A. F., Ribeiro, L., Araújo, P., Castro, S. L., & Limpo, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660650 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder
Goldin, P. R., Jazaieri, H., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Social Anxiety · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394427-6.00017-0 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationMa, R., Wang, J., Lloyd-Evans, B., Marston, L., & Johnson, S. (2021) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03430-9 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Díaz‐Silveira, C., de la Hera, C. M. A., Burgos, F., Marcos, A., & Germán, M. Á. S. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17082839 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“and practised with no time or location restrictions [47].”
BackgroundTrkulja, V., & Barić, H. (2020) · Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_22 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Bandealy, S. S., Sheth, N., Matuella, S. K., Chaikind, J., Oliva, I. A., Philip, S. R., Jones, P. M., & Hoge, E. A. (2021) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.20200042 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Fernando, A. T., Consedine, N. S., & Hill, A. G. (2014) · ANZ Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1111/ans.12695 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kashdan, T. B., Adams, L. M., Farmer, A. S., Ferssizidis, P., McKnight, P. E., & Nezlek, J. B. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0171-4 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-esteem Mediates Associations of Physical Activity with Anxiety in College Women
Herring, M. P., O’CONNOR, P. J., & Dishman, R. K. (2014) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000323 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Woodward, S. H., Shurick, A. A., Alvarez, J., Kuo, J. R., Nonyieva, Y., Jens Blechert, A., Kateri Mcrae, A., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12392 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationEdwards, M. K., & Loprinzi, P. D. (2017) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2018.1409049 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The effects of meditation on individuals facing loneliness: a scoping review
Saini, G. K., Haseeb, S. B., Taghi-Zada, Z., & Ng, J. Y. (2021) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-021-00585-8 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“5%) of the RCT studies made no mention of a small sample size limitation, even though their sample sizes were 153, 323, and 48 participants respectively [25, 26, 33].”
BackgroundInfluentialFelsch, C. L., & Kuypers, K. P. C. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104724 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Halamová, J., Kanovský, M., Jurková, V., & Kupeli, N. (2018) · Studia Psychologica · doi:10.21909/sp.2018.04.766 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“However, other studies have not always found a positive effect of MBSR on self-compassion (Abercrombie et al., 2007; Jazaieri et al., 2012; Shapiro et al., 2011).”
ResultZhu, F., Yu, W., Fan, S. X., & Jonathan, J. G. (2022) · Journal of Business Venturing Insights · doi:10.1016/j.jbvi.2022.e00368 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Hjeltnes, A., Moltu, C., Schanche, E., Jansen, Y., & Binder, P.-E. (2018) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2016.1169330 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Jazaieri et al. (2012) conducted a randomized trial with 56 adult patients undergoing MBSR or aerobic exercise (AE), finding that both MBSR and AE were associated with significant reductions in social anxiety, depression and increases in subjective well-being.”
BackgroundKoszycki, D., Guérin, E., DiMillo, J., & Bradwejn, J. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2502 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Status Update on Social Anxiety Disorder
McGinn, L. K., & Newman, M. G. (2013) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2013.6.2.88 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
McDaniels, B. W., & Subramanian, I. (2022) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2022.03.003 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Berlowitz, J. B., Hall, D. L., Joyce, C. T., Fredman, L., Sherman, K. J., Saper, R. B., & Roseen, E. J. (2020) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnaa150 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Adolescent Social Anxiety: A Unique Convergence of Factors
Carlton, C. N., Sullivan-Toole, H., Strege, M. V., Ollendick, T., & Richey, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01783 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Jazaieri, H., Lee, I. A., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12060 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“…the two interventions (replicating prior findings suggesting that MBSR and AE have an equivalent impact on preto-post social anxiety severity; Jazaieri et al., 2012), exploratory analyses revealed that patients with lower pre-treatment social anxiety severity had significantly less weekly…”
ResultSelf-citationHirten, R. P., Danieletto, M., Landell, K., Zweig, M., Golden, E., Pyzik, R., Kaur, S., Chang, H. L., Helmus, D. S., Sands, B. E., et al. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/55552 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“This has prompted several studies using HRV biofeedback remotely and outside the laboratory setting with computer-based programs that demonstrated effect [36,41,42].”
BackgroundMorrison, A. S., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2024) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102874 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationMasumeh, N., Ghazanfarpour, M., Ahmadi, A., Mirzaee, M., & Alidousti, K. (2022) · Reproductive Health · doi:10.1186/s12978-022-01543-2 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“In their study, the effectiveness of MBSR was shown to immediately reduce anxiety, stress, and depression and increase mental well-being after the last intervention [11].”
Background
- Authors
- Jazaieri, H., Goldin, P. R., Werner, K., Ziv, M., & Gross, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jazaieri, Hooria
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-05-23
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 715-731
- ISSN
- 0021-9762 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-4679
- PMC
- PMC4136448
- OpenAlex
- W2155083274
- Cited by
- 210
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 25.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH76074, R01MH076074)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R21AT003644, AT003644)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, mindfulness-based stress reduction, aerobic exercise, depression, subjective well-being, self-esteem, loneliness, self-compassion, treatment-resistant anxiety
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Phobic Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Exercise, Treatment Outcome, Meditation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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