Cited by 192Smoking Behavior and CessationStress Responses and CortisolSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Attenuated adrenocorticotropic responses to psychological stress are associated with early smoking relapse

al’Absi, Mustafa, Hatsukami, Dorothy, Davis, Gary L.·2005·Psychopharmacology

Abstract

Rationale Research has demonstrated that psychosocial stressors increase smoking and risk for smoking relapse. Alterations in biological systems involved in the stress response caused by chronic smoking may contribute to early relapse.Objectives We examined the extent to which pituitary-adrenocortical and cardiovascular responses to stress following the first 24 h of a quit attempt predict early relapse.Methods Seventy-two smokers interested in cessation attended a laboratory stress session 24 h after the beginning of their cessation attempt. Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), plasma and salivary cortisol concentrations, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) responses to acute psychological stressors (public speaking and cognitive challenges) were used to predict relapse over a 4-week follow-up period.Results Those who relapsed within 4 weeks showed attenuated hormonal and cardiovascular responses to stress and exaggerated withdrawal symptoms. Cox proportional hazards survival analysis showed that attenuated ACTH, plasma cortisol, systolic and diastolic BP, positive affect, and exaggerated withdrawal symptoms and smoking urges during acute stress predicted early relapse. Stepwise model showed that ACTH, diastolic BP, and exaggerated withdrawal symptoms remain as significant predictors. When baseline smoking and psychological measures were included in the model, changes in ACTH, diastolic BP, and both factors of smoking urges remained significant predictors of relapse.Conclusions These results demonstrate that altered stress response predicts increased vulnerability for smoking relapse.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s00213-005-2225-3

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  1. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch R, Lushene R (1983) State–trait anxiety manual. Consulting Psychological Press, Palo Alto, CA

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Authors
al’Absi, M., Hatsukami, D., & Davis, G. L.
Affiliations
University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
al’Absi, Mustafa
Venue
Psychopharmacology
Published
2005-04-15
Volume
181
Issue
1
Pages
107-117
ISSN
  • 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-2072
OpenAlex
W2054126870
Cited by
192
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 11
FWCI
4.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (1r03da013435-01)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA013435, R01DA016351, DA 016351)
  • National Cancer Institute (R21CA088272, CA88272)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
smoking relapse, psychological stress, ACTH, cortisol, pituitary-adrenal axis, cardiovascular stress response, blood pressure, heart rate, nicotine withdrawal symptoms, smoking urges, smoking cessation
MeSH terms
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Blood Pressure, Breath Tests, Carbon Monoxide, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Regression Analysis, Saliva, Sex Factors, Stress, Psychological, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Time Factors, Smoking Cessation

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