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Age-related performance of human subjects on saccadic eye movement tasks
Abstract
We measured saccadic eye movements in 168 normal human subjects, ranging in age from 5 to 79 years, to determine age-related changes in saccadic task performance. Subjects were instructed to look either toward (pro-saccade task) or away from (anti-saccade task) an eccentric target under different conditions of fixation. We quantified the percentage of direction errors, the time to onset of the eye movement (saccadic reaction time: SRT), and the metrics and dynamics of the movement itself (amplitude, peak velocity, duration) for subjects in different age groups. Young children (5-8 years of age) had slow SRTs, great intra-subject variance in SRT, and the most direction errors in the anti-saccade task. Young adults (20-30 years of age) typically had the fastest SRTs and lowest intra-subject variance in SRT. Elderly subjects (60-79 years of age) had slower SRTs and longer duration saccades than other subject groups. These results demonstrate very strong age-related effects in subject performance, which may reflect different stages of normal development and degeneration in the nervous system. We attribute the dramatic improvement in performance in the anti-saccade task that occurs between the ages of 5-15 years to delayed maturation of the frontal lobes.
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“In concert with motivation, inhibitory control, which is a core component of executive function, continues to mature through adolescence (Fischer et al., 1997, Luna et al., 2004, Munoz et al., 1998)”
From Effects of incentives, age, and behavior on brain activation during inhibitory control: a longitudinal fMRI study (2015) · cites this paper as Munoz et al., 1998
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Metadata
- Authors
- Munoz, D. P., Broughton, J. R., Goldring, J. E., & Armstrong, I. T.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- ORCID
- Munoz, D. P.
- Venue
- Experimental Brain Research
- Published
- 1998-08-10
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 391-400
- ISSN
- 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1106
- OpenAlex
- W1992441758
- Cited by
- 656
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 5.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- saccades, aging, age-related changes, saccade latency, antisaccade task, saccade amplitude, saccade velocity, saccade duration, frontal lobe maturation, cognitive development, older adults, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aging, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Fixation, Ocular, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Saccades
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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