Consumption of red meat and whole-grain bread in relation to biomarkers of obesity, inflammation, glucose metabolism and oxidative stress
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PURPOSE: To examine the association of red meat and whole-grain bread consumption with plasma levels of biomarkers related to glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation and obesity. METHODS: Our cross-sectional study was based on 2,198 men and women who were selected as a sub-cohort for an investigation of biological predictors of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam study. Circulating levels of glycated hemoglobin, adiponectin, hs-CRP, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alanine-aminotransferase, fetuin-A, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were measured from random blood samples. Diet and lifestyle data were assessed by questionnaires, and anthropometric data were measured. RESULTS: After multivariable adjustment, higher consumption of whole-grain bread was significantly (P trend <0.05) associated with lower levels of GGT, ALT and hs-CRP, whereas higher consumption of red meat was significantly associated with higher levels of GGT and hs-CRP when adjusted for potential confounding factors related to lifestyle and diet. Further adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference attenuated the association between red meat and hs-CRP (P = 0.19). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that high consumption of whole-grain bread is related to lower levels of GGT, ALT and hs-CRP, whereas high consumption of red meat is associated with higher circulating levels of GGT and hs-CRP.
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Reported associations of red meat consumption with biomarkers of inflammation, glucose metabolism, and hepatocellular and oxidative stress were mostly explainable by differences in BMI.
“Reported associations of red meat consumption with biomarkers of inflammation, glucose metabolism, and hepatocellular and oxidative stress were mostly explainable by differences in BMI (7,8).”
From Amino acids, lipid metabolites, and ferritin as potential mediators linking red meat consumption to type 2 diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Montonen, J., Boeing, H., Fritsche, A., Schleicher, E., Joost, H.-G., Schulze, M. B., Steffen, A., & Pischon, T.
- Affiliations
- German Institute of Human Nutrition (DE)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Max Delbrück Center (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Steffen, Annika
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Nutrition
- Published
- 2012-03-18
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 337-345
- ISSN
- 1436-6207 (ISSN-L)
- 1436-6215
- PMC
- PMC3549403
- OpenAlex
- W1982890062
- Cited by
- 234
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 17.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- European Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- MDC Repository (Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (0315381A)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- red meat consumption, whole grain bread, obesity biomarkers, inflammation, glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, fetuin-A, HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, body mass index, waist circumference, diabetes risk
- MeSH terms
- Alanine Transaminase, Animals, Blood Glucose, Bread, C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cattle, Edible Grain, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Female, gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Inflammation, Life Style, Cholesterol, HDL, Male, Meat, Middle Aged, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Triglycerides, Biomarkers, Body Mass Index, Oxidative Stress, Adiponectin, Waist Circumference, alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein
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