Do cortical areas emerge from a protocortex?

O'Leary, Dennis D.M.

doi:10.1016/0166-2236(89)90080-5

Cited by 536Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsDevelopmental Biology and Gene RegulationMemory and Neural Mechanisms

Do cortical areas emerge from a protocortex?

O'Leary, Dennis D.M.·1989·Trends in Neurosciences

DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(89)90080-5

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Abstract

The adult mammalian neocortex consists of numerous 'areas' distinguished from one another largely on the basis of distinctions in cytoarchitecture and connections. The developing neocortex, though, lacks many of these area-specific distinctions, and is more uniform across its extent. This less differentiated structure, here termed the 'protocortex' undergoes considerable modification after neurogenesis which results in the emergence of well-defined neocortical areas. To what extent, then, are neocortical areas predetermined? This issue is considered in the context of recent findings on the generation of the neocortex and its subsequent parcellation into distinct areas.

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Cortical patterning is likely a result of intrinsic signaling, controlled in part by graded expression of transcription factors during early cortical development, followed by extrinsic signaling from thalamic afferents after the start of corticogenesis.
“Cortical patterning is likely a result of intrinsic signaling, controlled in part by graded expression of transcription factors during early cortical development, followed by extrinsic signaling from thalamic afferents after the start of corticogenesis46–49.”
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Authors: O'Leary, D. D. M.
Venue: Trends in Neurosciences
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1989-01
Volume: 12
Issue: 10
Pages: 400-406
ISSN: 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0166-2236(89)90080-5
OpenAlex: W2054621947
Cited by: 536
References: 73
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 2.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords: neocortex development, cortical parcellation, cytoarchitecture, cortical connectivity, neurogenesis
MeSH terms: Aging, Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Embryonic and Fetal Development

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Do cortical areas emerge from a protocortex?

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