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Iron-induced carcinogenesis: The role of redox regulation

Toyokuni, Shinya·1996·Free Radical Biology and Medicine
DOI 10.1016/0891-5849(95)02111-6
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Abstract

Redox cycling is a characteristic of transition metals such as iron. Iron is hypothesized to have been actively involved in the birth of primitive life on earth through the generation of reducing equivalents in the presence of UV light. Iron is an essential metal in mammals for oxygen transport by hemoglobin and for the function of many enzymes including catalase and cytochromes. However, the "free" or "catalytic" form of iron mediates the production of reactive oxygen species via the Fenton reaction and induces oxidative stress. Serum "free" iron is observed in rare situations such as in severe hemochromatosis in which serum transferrin is saturated. However, it is known that superoxide can release "free" iron from ferritin and hemosiderin in the cell. "Free" iron is quite cytotoxic as well as mutagenic and carcinogenic. Iron compounds were first reported to induce sarcomas in rats by Richmond in 1959. Thereafter, several iron-induced carcinogenesis models were established, including the ferric nitrilotriacetate model by Okada and colleagues. Iron may have a role in the carcinogenic process of other transition metals such as copper and nickel, or other kinds of carcinogens such as nitrosamine and even virus-induced carcinogenesis. In humans, genetic hemochromatosis and asbestosis are two major diseases associated with iron-induced carcinogenesis. There is an increasing number of reports of an association between increased body iron stores and increased risk of cancer. Iron-i…

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Metadata

Authors
Toyokuni, S.
Venue
Free Radical Biology and Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1996
Volume
20
Issue
4
Pages
553-566
ISSN
0891-5849
DOI
10.1016/0891-5849(95)02111-6
Cited by
471
References
3
Language
en
Licence

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