Nutrients, foods, and colorectal cancer prevention
Open accessAbstract
Diet has an important role in the development of colorectal cancer. In the past few decades, findings from extensive epidemiologic and experimental investigations have linked consumption of several foods and nutrients to the risk of colorectal neoplasia. Calcium, fiber, milk, and whole grains have been associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer, and red meat and processed meat have been associated with an increased risk. There is substantial evidence for the potential chemopreventive effects of vitamin D, folate, fruits, and vegetables. Nutrients and foods also may interact, as a dietary pattern, to influence colorectal cancer risk. Diet likely influences colorectal carcinogenesis through several interacting mechanisms. These include the direct effects on immune responsiveness and inflammation, and the indirect effects of overnutrition and obesity-risk factors for colorectal cancer. Emerging evidence also implicates the gut microbiota as an important effector in the relationship between diet and cancer. Dietary modification therefore has the promise of reducing colorectal cancer incidence.
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Migration and prospective cohort studies have established that diet and lifestyle importantly affect colorectal cancer development.
“Over the past few decades, migration studies and prospective cohort studies have established the important effects of diet and lifestyle in the development of CRC.3”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [3]
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Garrett, W. S. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaa4972 · Cited by 1,404 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer.
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Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer
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Environmental Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Colorectal Cancer Prevention
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Fiber Intake and Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis
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Microbiota-gut brain axis involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders
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Comprehensive Assessment of Diet Quality and Risk of Precursors of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
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Self-citationOverview of anti-inflammatory diets and their promising effects on non-communicable diseases
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- Authors
- Song, M., Garrett, W. S., & Chan, A. T.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chan, Andrew T.
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-05
- Volume
- 148
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1244-1260.e16
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4409470
- OpenAlex
- W2164272712
- Cited by
- 700
- References
- 568
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 14
- FWCI
- 6.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA137178, R01CA154426)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K24DK098311)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- colorectal cancer prevention, diet and cancer risk, colorectal neoplasia, calcium, dietary fiber, whole grains, milk, red meat, processed meat, vitamin D, folic acid, fruits and vegetables, dietary habits, colorectal carcinogenesis, inflammation, obesity, gut microbiota, chemoprevention
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Diet, Energy Metabolism, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Nutritional Status, Nutritive Value, Risk Factors, Vitamins, Colorectal Neoplasms, Anticarcinogenic Agents, Risk Assessment, Gastrointestinal Tract, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Microbiota, Protective Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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