Macrophage-derived exosome-mimetic hybrid vesicles for tumor targeted drug delivery
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid and protein constructs which are continuously secreted by cells in the form of smaller (30-200 nm) and larger (micron size) particles. While all of these vesicles are called as EVs, the smaller size are normally called as exosomes. Small EVs (sEVs) have now been explored as a potential candidate in therapeutics delivery owing to their endogenous functionality, intrinsic targeting property, and ability to cooperate with a host defense mechanism. Considering these potentials, we hypothesize that immune cell-derived sEVs can mimic immune cell to target cancer. However, different sEVs isolation technique reported poor yield and loss of functional properties. To solve this problem, herein we hybridized sEVs with synthetic liposome to engineer vesicles with size less than 200 nm to mimic the size of exosome and named as hybrid exosome (HE). To achieve this goal, sEVs from mouse macrophage was hybridized with synthetic liposome to engineer HE. The fluorescence-based experiment confirmed the successful hybridization process yielding HE with the size of 177 ± 21 nm. Major protein analysis from Blot techniques reveal the presence of EV marker proteins CD81, CD63, and CD9. Differential cellular interaction of HE was observed when treated with normal and cancerous cells thereby supporting our hypothesis. Moreover, a water-soluble doxorubicin was loaded in HE. Drug-loaded HE showed enhanced toxicity against cancer cells and pH-sensitive drug release in acidic condition, benefiting drug delivery to acidic cancer environment. These results suggest that the engineered HE would be an exciting platform for tumor-targeted drug delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid and protein constructs which are continuously secreted by cells in the human body. These vesicles can efficiently deliver their parental biomolecules to the recipient cells and assist in intracellular communication without a direct cell-to-cell contact. Moreover, they have the ability to perform some of the molecular task similar to that of its parent cells. For example, exosome derived from immune cells can seek for diseased and/or inflammatory cells by reading the cell surface proteins. However, different EVs isolation techniques reported poor yield and loss of functional properties. Therefore, to overcome this limitation, we herein propose to re-engineer immuno-exosome with a synthetic liposome as a refined biomimetic nanostructure for the delivery of doxorubicin (clinical drug) for breast cancer treatment.
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Engineered exosomes will be a promising platform for tumor-targeted drug delivery.
“It strongly suggests that the engineered exosomes will be a promising platform for tumor-targeted drug delivery [60].”
From The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System (2022) · cites this paper as [60]
Water-soluble doxorubicin loaded in engineered exosomes under acidic conditions had significantly enhanced toxicity to cancer cells.
“For example, the researchers used mouse macrophage exosomes to hybridize with synthetic liposomes to obtain engineered exosomes, water-soluble doxorubicin loaded in the engineered exosomes under acidic conditions had a significantly enhanced toxicity to cancer cells.”
From The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System (2022) · cites this paper as [60]
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- Authors
- Rayamajhi, S., Nguyen, T. D. T., Marasini, R., & Aryal, S.
- Affiliations
- Kansas State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aryal, Santosh
- Venue
- Acta Biomaterialia
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-08
- Volume
- 94
- Pages
- 482-494
- ISSN
- 1742-7061 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2946585494
- Cited by
- 429
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 14.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Biomaterialia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Johnson Cancer Research Center
- Nanotechnology Innovative Centre of Kansas State
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Keywords
- extracellular vesicles, macrophage-derived vesicles, anticancer drug delivery, doxorubicin, pH-responsive drug release, breast cancer, biomimetic nanostructures, vesicle isolation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Macrophages, Neoplasms, Drug Delivery Systems, Biomimetic Materials, NIH 3T3 Cells, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice, Exosomes
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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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