MicroRNAs in brown and beige fat
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy as heat and its activity correlates with leanness in human adults. Understanding the mechanisms behind the activation of BAT and the process of "browning", i.e. the appearance of inducible brown adipocytes called beige or brite (brown-in-white) cells in white adipose tissue (WAT), is of great interest for developing novel therapies to combat obesity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small transcriptional regulators that control gene expression in a variety of tissues, including WAT and BAT. Recently, miRNAs were reported to regulate browning. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to fully understand the miRNA networks that are involved in the control of brown and beige/brite adipocytes. Particularly, most miRNAs have so far been studied in mice, underlining the importance of additional human studies. In this review, we focus on the regulation of brown fat by miRNAs including their role in promoting or inhibiting the browning process. In recent years, RNA-based therapeutical approaches have entered clinical trials for treatment of other diseases, thus miRNAs could potentially be used to enhance brown and beige fat mass and activity as novel therapies against overweight and its complications.
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White adipose tissue functions as an important endocrine organ regulating metabolism through releasing adipokines, in addition to energy storage and adaptive thermogenesis.
“Presently, it is acknowledged that white adipose tissue (WAT) not only has functions in energy storage and adaptive thermogenesis but also serves as an important endocrine organ, regulating metabolism through releasing adipokines [73].”
From Exerkines and Sarcopenia: Unveiling the Mechanism Behind Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Homeostasis (2025) · cites this paper as [73]
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Ghesmati, Z., Rashid, M., Fayezi, S., Gieseler, F., Alizadeh, E., & Darabi, M. (2024) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-023-09850-0 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Goody, D., & Pfeifer, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Pfeifer, Alexander
- ORCID
- Pfeifer, Alexander
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 1864
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-36
- ISSN
- 1388-1981 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2799933422
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8
- FWCI
- 0.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- microRNA, brown adipose tissue, beige adipocytes, browning, white adipose tissue, thermogenesis, obesity, RNA therapeutics, gene expression regulation
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Beige, Animals, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Humans, MicroRNAs, Adipogenesis
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