Reward uncertainty enhances incentive salience attribution as sign-tracking
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Conditioned stimuli (CSs) come to act as motivational magnets following repeated association with unconditioned stimuli (UCSs) such as sucrose rewards. By traditional views, the more reliably predictive a Pavlovian CS-UCS association, the more the CS becomes attractive. However, in some cases, less predictability might equal more motivation. Here we examined the effect of introducing uncertainty in CS-UCS association on CS strength as an attractive motivation magnet. In the present study, Experiment 1 assessed the effects of Pavlovian predictability versus uncertainty about reward probability and/or reward magnitude on the acquisition and expression of sign-tracking (ST) and goal-tracking (GT) responses in an autoshaping procedure. Results suggested that uncertainty produced strongest incentive salience expressed as sign-tracking. Experiment 2 examined whether a within-individual temporal shift from certainty to uncertainty conditions could produce a stronger CS motivational magnet when uncertainty began, and found that sign-tracking still increased after the shift. Overall, our results support earlier reports that ST responses become more pronounced in the presence of uncertainty regarding CS-UCS associations, especially when uncertainty combines both probability and magnitude. These results suggest that Pavlovian uncertainty, although diluting predictability, is still able to enhance the incentive motivational power of particular CSs.
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Reward uncertainty, like drugs of abuse, may sensitize neural systems to rewards and reward-related cues.
“It is thought that reward uncertainty, like drugs of abuse, may also sensitize neural systems to rewards and reward-related cues (Anselme & Robinson, 2013; Anselme, Robinson, & Berridge, 2013; Berridge, 2007; Mascia et al., 2018; M. J. F. Robinson, Anselme, Fischer, & Berridge, 2014a; Rømer Thomsen et al., 2014).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Anselme, Robinson, & Berridge, 2013
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How unpredictable access to food increases the body fat of small passerines: A mechanistic approach
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Uncertainty modulates value-driven attentional capture
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A Biosocial Model of Affective Decision Making
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The nature of phenotypic variation in Pavlovian conditioning.
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Acquiring competence from both extrinsic and intrinsic rewards
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Enhanced exploratory activity in woodlice exposed to random visuo-tactile patterns
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Implementations of sign- and goal-tracking behavior in humans: A scoping review
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Effects of partial reinforcement on autoshaping in inbred Roman high- and low-avoidance rats
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Sources of maladaptive behavior in ‘normal’ organisms
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Overmatching under food uncertainty in foraging pigeons
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- Authors
- Anselme, P., Robinson, M. J. F., & Berridge, K. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Anselme, Patrick
- Venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 238
- Pages
- 53-61
- ISSN
- 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4066390
- OpenAlex
- W2111104955
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 4.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Belgian American Educational Foundation
- Educational Foundation of America
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-63649, R01MH063649)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA015188, DA015188-01-A1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- reward uncertainty, incentive salience, sign-tracking, goal tracking, classical conditioning, reward probability, reward magnitude, autoshaping, motivation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Attention, Behavior, Animal, Conditioning, Classical, Female, Motivation, Reward, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Uncertainty, Rats
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