Reduced amygdala-prefrontal functional connectivity in children with autism Spectrum disorder and co-occurring disruptive behavior
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BACKGROUND: Disruptive behaviors are prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and often cause substantial impairments. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of disruptive behaviors remain poorly understood in ASD. In children without ASD, disruptive behavior is associated with amygdala hyperactivity and reduced connectivity with the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC). This study examined amygdala reactivity and connectivity in children with ASD with and without co-occurring disruptive behavior disorders. We also investigated differential contributions of externalizing behaviors and callous-unemotional traits to variance in amygdala connectivity and reactivity. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved behavioral assessments and neuroimaging in three groups of children 8 to 16 years of age: 18 children had ASD and disruptive behavior, 20 children had ASD without disruptive behavior, and 19 children were typically developing control participants matched for age, gender, and IQ. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants completed an emotion perception task of fearful versus calm faces. Task-specific changes in amygdala reactivity and connectivity were examined using whole-brain, psychophysiological interaction, and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Children with ASD and disruptive behavior showed reduced amygdala–vlPFC connectivity compared with children with ASD without disruptive behavior. Externalizing behaviors and callous-unemotional traits were associated with amygdala reactivity to fearful faces in children with ASD after controlling for suppressor effects. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced amygdala–vlPFC connectivity during fear processing may differentiate children with ASD and disruptive behavior from children with ASD without disruptive behavior. The presence of callous-unemotional traits may have implications for identifying differential patterns of amygdala activity associated with increased risk of aggression in ASD. These findings suggest a neural mechanism of emotion dysregulation associated with disruptive behavior in children with ASD.
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Emotional dysregulation in autism spectrum disorder has been related with specific genetic polymorphisms as well as with anatomical alteration such as reduced amygdala connectivity.
“Noticeably, ED in ASD has been related with specific genetic polymorphisms (43) as well as with anatomical alteration such as reduced amygdala connectivity (70).”
From Emotional dysregulation as a part of the autism spectrum continuum: a literature review from late childhood to adulthood (2023) · cites this paper as [70]
The Discussion reports reduced amygdala–vlPFC functional connectivity during emotional face processing in children with ASD and co-occurring disruptive behavior, and relates it to an emotion-dysregulation account. It does not establish an anatomical alteration; the measured difference is functional connectivity. The separate genetic-polymorphism claim is attributed to citation 43, not this source. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredReduced amygdala-vIPFC connectivity during fear processing may differentiate children with autism spectrum disorder plus disruptive behavior from children with only autism spectrum disorder.
“The authors analyzed task-specific changes in amygdala reactivity and connectivity by using whole-brain, psychophysiological interaction, and multiple-regression analyses and concluded that reduced amygdala-vIPFC connectivity during fear processing may differentiate children with ASD + DB from children with only ASD.”
From Emotional dysregulation as a part of the autism spectrum continuum: a literature review from late childhood to adulthood (2023) · cites this paper as [70]
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- Authors
- Ibrahim, K., Eilbott, J. A., Ventola, P., He, G., Pelphrey, K. A., McCarthy, G., & Sukhodolsky, D. G.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Virginia Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ibrahim, Karim
- Sukhodolsky, Denis G.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1031-1041
- ISSN
- 2451-9022 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7173634
- OpenAlex
- W2914954417
- Semantic Scholar
- b8ce7855bbc96b48348d383b9965d2db101a21a8
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 4.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH101514)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver (R01HD083881)
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Training Program (T32 MH18268)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, disruptive behavior disorders, amygdala, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, amygdala-prefrontal connectivity, amygdala reactivity, fear processing, callous-unemotional traits, externalizing problems, emotional dysregulation, aggression risk, children
- MeSH terms
- Facial Recognition, Problem Behavior, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Emotional Regulation, Adolescent, Amygdala, Behavioral Symptoms, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Social Perception, Prefrontal Cortex, Connectome
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