Emotion regulation in children and adolescents with autism Spectrum disorder
Open accessAbstract
Emotion dysregulation is not a formal criterion for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ). However, parents and clinicians have long noted the importance of emotional problems in individuals with ASD (e.g. tantrums and “meltdowns”). In this study, 21 high‐functioning children and adolescents with ASD and 22 age and gender group‐matched typically developing ( TD ) controls completed a Reactivity and Regulation Situation Task. This task assesses emotional reactivity and spontaneous use of emotion regulation strategies (problem solving, cognitive reappraisal, avoidance, distraction, venting, suppression, and relaxation) in the context of age‐appropriate ambiguous and potentially threatening negative scenarios. After the concept of cognitive reappraisal was explained, the scenarios were presented again to participants, and they were prompted to use this strategy. Results indicated that individuals with ASD exhibited the same level of reactivity to negative stimuli as TD participants. Furthermore, youth with ASD had a different emotion regulation profile than TD individuals, characterized by a less frequent use of cognitive reappraisal and more frequent use of suppression. When prompted to use cognitive reappraisal, participants with ASD were less able to implement reappraisal, but benefitted from this strategy when they were able to generate a reappraisal. Findings from this study suggest that cognitive reappraisal strategies may be useful to children and adolescents with ASD . Therefore, the development of treatment programs that focus on enhancing the use of adaptive forms of emotion regulation might decrease emotional problems and optimize long‐term outcomes in youth with ASD . Autism Res 2015, 8: 9–18 . © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Several studies suggest that emotional dysregulation can help explain higher rates of anxiety disorders, marking a prevalence greater than 50% of cases.
“Son varios los estudios que sugieren que la DRE puede ayudar a explicar las mayores tasas de trastornos de ansiedad marcando una prevalencia mayor al 50 % de los casos (Mazefsky y White, 2014;Samson et al., 2015).”
From Ansiedad y trastornos del espectro del autismo: notas para la intervención psicoeducativa (2022) · cites this paper as Samson et al., 2015
The “Emotion Dysregulation in ASD” section reports both emotion-regulation difficulties and elevated anxiety in people with ASD. It does not say that dysregulation explains higher rates of anxiety disorders or give a prevalence above 50%. Its figure of more than 60% concerns problematic emotional behaviors in youth with ASD, not anxiety disorders; page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAutism spectrum disorder individuals have been reported to show lower adaptive behaviors, less use of cognitive reappraisal and more use of emotional suppression than typically developing controls and even attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients.
“ASD individuals have been reported to show lower adaptive behaviors, less use of cognitive reappraisal and more use of emotional suppression than TD controls (46) and even ADHD patients (69).”
From Emotional dysregulation as a part of the autism spectrum continuum: a literature review from late childhood to adulthood (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAdolescents with autism spectrum disorder presented a different emotion regulation profile than typically developing individuals, characterized by a less frequent use of cognitive reappraisal and more frequent use of suppression.
“Furthermore, ASD adolescents presented a different emotion regulation profile than TD individuals, characterized by a less frequent use of cognitive reappraisal and more frequent use of suppression.”
From Emotional dysregulation as a part of the autism spectrum continuum: a literature review from late childhood to adulthood (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
When instructed to use cognitive reappraisal, participants with autism spectrum disorder showed difficulties to use it, but benefitted from this strategy when they were able to generate a reappraisal.
“In addition, when instructed to use cognitive reappraisal, ASD participants showed difficulties to use it, but benefitted from this strategy when they were able to generate a reappraisal (46).”
From Emotional dysregulation as a part of the autism spectrum continuum: a literature review from late childhood to adulthood (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder showed the same level of reactivity to negative stimuli as typically developing participants.
“According to the findings, individuals with ASD showed the same level of reactivity to negative stimuli as TD participants.”
From Emotional dysregulation as a part of the autism spectrum continuum: a literature review from late childhood to adulthood (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
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“Según recientes estimaciones, la prevalencia de los TEA supera el 1 % de la población mundial (Lord et al., 2020), 1,85 en población infantil en USA (CDC, 2020) o valores similares (1-1,5”
BackgroundInfluential
- Authors
- Samson, A. C., Hardan, A. Y., Podell, R. W., Phillips, J. M., & Gross, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Samson, Andrea C.
- Venue
- Autism Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-05-23
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-18
- ISSN
- 1939-3792 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-3806
- OpenAlex
- W2164761125
- Semantic Scholar
- 11422e12989048a336d86e643a4bd0b7a32e20dc
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 6.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Autism Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Swiss National Science Foundation (PA00P1_136380)
- Mosbacher Family Fund
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, emotion regulation, emotional reactivity, cognitive reappraisal, emotional suppression, emotion regulation strategies
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Child, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Young Adult
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