Circular RNA: a new star of noncoding RNAs
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of RNA that, unlike linear RNAs, form a covalently closed continuous loop and are highly represented in the eukaryotic transcriptome. Recent studies have discovered thousands of endogenous circRNAs in mammalian cells. CircRNAs are largely generated from exonic or intronic sequences, and reverse complementary sequences or RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are necessary for circRNA biogenesis. The majority of circRNAs are conserved across species, are stable and resistant to RNase R, and often exhibit tissue/developmental-stage-specific expression. Recent research has revealed that circRNAs can function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, regulators of splicing and transcription, and modifiers of parental gene expression. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs might play important roles in atherosclerotic vascular disease risk, neurological disorders, prion diseases and cancer; exhibit aberrant expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); and serve as diagnostic or predictive biomarkers of some diseases. Similar to miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circRNAs are becoming a new research hotspot in the field of RNA and could be widely involved in the processes of life. Herein, we review the formation and properties of circRNAs, their functions, and their potential significance in disease.
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CircRNAs are synthesized by the back-splicing of protein-coding precursor mRNAs, primarily in eukaryotes.
“Originating from various genomic regions, circRNAs are synthesized by the back-splicing of protein-coding precursor mRNAs (primarily in eukaryotes) [25,26].”
From Circular RNAs in depression: Biogenesis, function, expression, and therapeutic potential (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
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“Although the functional role of circRNAs is evolving each day, several studies have to date demonstrated that circRNAs harbor specific binding sites and primarily act as miRNA sponges or gene regulators [144].”
BackgroundZhao, Y., Alexandrov, P. N., Jaber, V. R., & Lukiw, W. J. (2016) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes7120116 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
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“Therefore, circRNA is more stable than linear RNA in any environment because it is not easy to be degraded by RNA enzyme [79, 80].”
BackgroundCircNT5E Acts as a Sponge of miR-422a to Promote Glioblastoma Tumorigenesis
Wang, R., Zhang, S., Chen, X., Li, N., Li, J., Jia, R., Pan, Y., & Liang, H. (2018) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0532 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
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“Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently discovered member of the noncoding RNA family and characterized by a covalently closed continuous loop and resistance to RNase R digestion [7, 8].”
Backgroundhsa_circ_0013958: a circular RNA and potential novel biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma
Zhu, X., Wang, X., Wei, S., Chen, Y., Chen, Y., Fan, X., Han, S., & Wu, G. (2017) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.14132 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Long Noncoding RNAs in Cardiovascular Pathology, Diagnosis, and Therapy
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“With the rapid development in the RNA-seq technology, more and more non-coding RNAs previously termed as “junk molecule” were screened and identified, such as long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA)[5].”
BackgroundCircular RNAs as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Wang, F., Nazarali, A. J., & Ji, S. (2016) · PubMed Central · Cited by 254 · see citing works
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Over-expression of CircRNA_100876 in non-small cell lung cancer and its prognostic value
Yao, J., Zhao, S., Liu, Q., Lv, M., Zhou, D., Zi-jun, L., & Nan, K. (2017) · Pathology - Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.prp.2017.02.011 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
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“Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to be a group of endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) [3, 4].”
BackgroundFan, C., Lei, X., Fang, Z., Jiang, Q., & Wu, F. (2018) · Database · doi:10.1093/database/bay044 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
“Normally, circRNAs regulate gene expression at transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels by titrating microRNAs (miRNAs), regulating transcription and interfering with splicing (2, 7, 8).”
BackgroundZhang, X. L., Xu, Y., Qian, Z., Zheng, W., Wu, Q., Chen, Y., Zhu, G., Liu, Y., Bian, Z., Xu, W., et al. (2018) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-018-1132-6 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Circular RNA circRHOBTB3 acts as a sponge for miR-654-3p inhibiting gastric cancer growth
Deng, G., Mou, T., He, J., Chen, D., Lv, D., Liu, H., Yu, J., Wang, S., & Li, G. (2020) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-019-1487-2 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Therapeutic nucleic acids: current clinical status
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Pseudogenes regulate parental gene expression via ce RNA network
An, Y., Furber, K. L., & Ji, S. (2016) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.12952 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
“Apart from serving as ceRNAs, circular RNAs may play other important roles in biological functions [4].”
BackgroundEmerging Epigenetic Regulation of Circular RNAs in Human Cancer
Wu, J., Qi, X., Liu, L., Hu, X. T., Liu, J., Yang, J., Yang, J., Lu, L., Zhang, Z., Ma, S., et al. (2019) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2019.04.011 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
“Molecular T This is an open access article under the CC BY-NCprogression, and metastasis.(6) Therefore, an in-depth analysis of circRNAs should help further clarify the epigenetic level of cancerrelated mechanisms.”
BackgroundWang, K., Sun, Y., Wei, T., Fei, X., & Chang, C. (2017) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2016.12.036 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Emerging roles of circRNA in formation and progression of cancer
Yin, Y., Long, J., He, Q., Li, Y., Liao, Y., He, P., & Zhu, W. (2019) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.30828 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
“Lastly, the vast majority of circRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) [13].”
BackgroundJian, X., He, H., Zhu, J., Zhang, Q., Zheng, Z., Liang, X.-J., Chen, L., Yang, M., Peng, K., Zhang, Z., et al. (2020) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-020-1134-8 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
CircECE1 activates energy metabolism in osteosarcoma by stabilizing c-Myc
Shen, S., Teng, Y., Xu, Y., Zhang, D., Fan, S., & Ma, J. (2020) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-020-01269-4 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
The emerging role of circular RNAs in transcriptome regulation
Huang, S., Yang, B., Chen, B. J., Bliim, N., Ueberham, U., Arendt, T., & Janitz, M. (2017) · Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.06.005 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Noncoding RNAs in Alzheimer's disease
Idda, M. L., Munk, R. B., Abdelmohsen, K., & Gorospe, M. (2018) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews - RNA · doi:10.1002/wrna.1463 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
“…and regulate gene expression at least in part by sponging specific microRNAs and thus modulating their suppressive effect on mRNA translation/stability (Abdelmohsen et al., 2017; Barrett & Salzman, 2016; Han et al., 2017; Kulcheski, Christoff, & Margis, 2016; Liu et al., 2016; Qu et al., 2015).”
BackgroundThe decade of exosomal long RNA species: an emerging cancer antagonist
Zhou, R., Chen, K. K., Zhang, J., Xiao, B., Huang, Z., Ju, C., Sun, J., Zhang, F., Lv, X.-B., & Huang, G. (2018) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-018-0823-z · Cited by 207 · see citing works
“CircRNAs are largely reported as miRNA sponges that affect downstream target genes of miRNAs, regulate alternative splicing, and influence host gene transcription [105, 113, 114].”
BackgroundKumar, L., Shamsuzzama, S., Haque, R., Baghel, T., & Nazir, A. (2016) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0213-8 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
“The research on miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs is developing rapidly and becoming a new hotspot that could be involved in understanding the progression or diagnosis of human diseases [73].”
BackgroundCircular RNA hsa_circ_0000745 may serve as a diagnostic marker for gastric cancer
Huang, M., He, Y., Liang, L., Huang, Q., & Zhu, Z. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i34.6330 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Zhao, Z., Ji, M., Wang, Q., He, N., & Li, Y. (2019) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2019.07.012 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
“A growing body of research suggests that circRNAs participate in many biological and pathological processes.(7) Cdr1as, also known as a circRNA sponge for miR-7 (ciRS-7) or CDR1NAT, is formed by reverse splicing of the antisense strand of the cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen 1 (CDR1) gene.”
BackgroundRetractedCircular RNAs in Cardiovascular Disease: An Overview
Fan, X., Weng, X., Zhao, Y., Chen, W., Gan, T., & Xu, D. (2017) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2017/5135781 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
“Therefore, circRNAs are interrelated with each other, and the competitive balance among them can affect the expression of mRNA [12, 36].”
BackgroundCircular RNA circ-LDLRAD3 as a biomarker in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer
Yang, F., Liu, D., Guo, J., Ge, N., Zhu, P., Liu, X., Wang, S., Wang, G., & Sun, S. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8345 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Cai, Q., Ma, M., Jin, L., Weng, M., Zhou, D., Tang, Z., Wang, J. D., & Quan, Z. (2019) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-019-1078-z · Cited by 196 · see citing works
“Some of circRNAs are identified as potential functional modulators of cellular physiology processes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and tumor progression [9, 10].”
BackgroundShen, Z., Zhou, L., Zhang, C., & Xu, J. (2019) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.006 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Circulating circular RNA hsa_circ_0001785 acts as a diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer detection
Yin, W., Yan, M., Fang, X., Guo, J., Xiong, W., & Zhang, R.-P. (2017) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2017.10.011 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Gu, X., Li, M., Jin, Y., Liu, D., & Wei, F. (2017) · BMC Genetics · doi:10.1186/s12863-017-0569-4 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
“Compared to linear RNA, this circular structure is more stable and resistant to RNase R [19].”
BackgroundLü, L., Sun, J., Shi, P., Kong, W., Xu, K., He, B., Zhang, S., & Wang, J. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.17307 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
“CircRNAs may be generated from exonic or intronic sequences [39] and function as miRNA sponges, regulators of splicing and transcription, and modifiers of parental gene expression [39, 40].”
Su, H., Lin, F., Deng, X., Shen, L., Fang, Y., Fei, Z., Zhao, L., Zhang, X., Pan, H., Xie, D., et al. (2016) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0977-7 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“Circular RNAs (circRNAs), unlike the well known linear RNA, forms a covalently closed continuous loop [7, 8].”
BackgroundDong, W., Dai, Z., Liu, F., Guo, X., Ge, C.-M., Ding, J., Liu, H., & Yang, F. (2019) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.030 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
NPInter v4.0: an integrated database of ncRNA interactions
Teng, X., Chen, X., Xue, H., Tang, Y., Zhang, P., Kang, Q., Hao, Y., Chen, R., Zhao, Y. C., & He, S. (2019) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkz969 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“Recent evidence suggests that circRNAs play critical roles in diverse biological processes via interactions with other biomolecules (37).”
BackgroundLiu, L., Gu, M., Ma, J., Wang, Y., Li, M., Wang, H., Yin, X., & Li, X. (2022) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-022-01619-4 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“As a novel subset of ncRNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are formed by back-splicing and characterized by a covalently closed loop and high conservativeness and stability due to their resistance to RNase R [6].”
BackgroundPeng, L., Chen, G., Zhu, Z., Shen, Z., Du, C., Zang, R., Su, Y., Xie, H., Li, H., Xu, X., et al. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.13656 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
“Lately, there has been increasing evidence indicated that circRNAs could function as miRNA sponges [24].”
BackgroundAqueous humor flow during sleep.
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Non-coding RNAs: the new central dogma of cancer biology
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“…(Bachmayr-Heyda et al., 2015), and when normal tissues were compared with those of colorectal and ovarian cancers, were globally reduced in cancer cell lines and cancer tissues. circRNAs function mostly by sponging miRNAs, which in turn could influence gene expression (Qu et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialPeng, Y., Xu, Y., Zhang, X., Deng, S., Yuan, Y., Luo, X., Hossain, M. T., Zhu, X., Du, K., Hu, F., et al. (2021) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-021-01457-w · Cited by 171 · see citing works
“CircRNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific, developmental stage-specific, and diseasespecific manner [4].”
BackgroundFang, J. C., Hong, H., Xue, X., Zhu, X., Jiang, L., Qin, M., Liang, H., & Gao, L. (2018) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.040 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Jin, X., Feng, C.-Y., Xiang, Z., Chen, Y., & Li, Y. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.12186 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001982 Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Carcinogenesis Through Decreasing miR-143
Tang, Y., Zhao, P., Zou, T., Duan, J.-J., Zhi, R., Yang, S., Yang, D., & Wang, X. (2017) · DNA and Cell Biology · doi:10.1089/dna.2017.3862 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
“CircularRNAs (circRNAs) are type of RNAs characterized by covalent closed loops formed by back-splicing (Qu et al. , 2015).”
Non-Coding RNAs in Breast Cancer: Intracellular and Intercellular Communication
Klinge, C. M. (2018) · Non-Coding RNA · doi:10.3390/ncrna4040040 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
“circRNAs can act as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA, also called ‘sponge’) for microRNAs, thus reducing miRNA repression of their target mRNAs [75].”
BackgroundChen, J., Liu, G., Wu, Y., Ma, J., Wu, H.-F., Xie, Z., Chen, S., Yang, Y., Wang, S., Shen, P., et al. (2019) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-019-1076-1 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
“CircRNA is a class of single-stranded ncRNA derived from exons, introns, or intergenic regions of genes by back-splicing [10, 11].”
BackgroundChen, D., Sheng, H., Zhang, D., Jin, Y., Zhao, B.-T., Chen, N., Song, K., & Xu, R. (2021) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-021-01475-8 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
“Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of recently identified noncoding RNAs or protein-coding RNAs that are characterized by covalently closed loops without 5′ to 3′ polarity or polyadenylation (polyA) tails [16].”
BackgroundCircular RNA Expression Profile of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Revealed by Microarray
Li, H., Hao, X., Wang, H., Liu, Z., He, Y., Pu, M., Zhang, H., Yu, H., Duan, J., & Qu, S. (2016) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000453186 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Prediction of CircRNA-Disease Associations Using KATZ Model Based on Heterogeneous Networks
Fan, C., Lei, X., & Wu, F. (2018) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.28260 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
“In addition, circRNAs can regulate gene expression at transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels by titrating microRNAs (miRNAs), regulating transcription and interfering with splicing [13, 14].”
BackgroundLu, D., & Xu, A.-D. (2016) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00053 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
“These circRNAs are more stable than linear-RNAs, indicating circRNAs themselves could serve as biomarkers of CNS disorders (Qu et al., 2015).”
Guo, J., Li, J., Zhu, C., Feng, W.-T., Shao, J.-X., Wan, L., Huang, M., & He, J. (2016) · OncoTargets and Therapy · doi:10.2147/ott.s123220 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
“Emerging evidence has revealed that circRNAs can serve as microRNA sponges, RNA-binding proteins or transcriptional regulators to participate in the initiation and development of multiple diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, atherosclerosis, and cancers.(4,5) Several circRNAs have already been f…”
BackgroundWang, H., Xiao, Y., Wu, L., & Ma, D. (2018) · International Journal of Oncology · doi:10.3892/ijo.2018.4265 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
“Emerging evidence indicates that some circRNAs act as miRNA sponges to modulate gene transcription and interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) involved in tumorigenesis (13,14).”
Zhang, D., Ni, N., Wang, Y., Tang, Z., Gao, H., Ju, Y., Sun, N., He, X., Gu, P., & Fan, X. (2020) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-020-0600-6 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
“Concerning the mechanisms of action for circRNAs, one mode reported was the microRNAs (miRNAs) “sponges” activity of some exonic circRNAs [16].”
BackgroundGao, D., Qi, X., Zhang, X., Fang, K., Guo, Z., & Li, L. (2018) · Molecular Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1002/mc.22950 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
CircRNAs in hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies
Bonizzato, A., Gaffo, E., Kronnie, G. T., & Bortoluzzi, S. (2016) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/bcj.2016.81 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Ouyang, Q., Wu, J., Jiang, Z., Zhao, J., Wang, R., Lou, A., Zhu, D., Shi, G., & Yang, M. (2017) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000477883 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Wang, M., Chen, B., Ru, Z., & Li, C. (2018) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.175 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Non-coding RNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers in cancer
Toden, S., & Goel, A. (2022) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-021-01672-8 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Xiao‐Long, M., Zhu, K., & Zhang, C. (2018) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.24619 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“Circular RNA (circRNA) is a new class of endogenously expressed non-coding RNA, which is characterized by covalently closed loop structures with neither 5’ to 3’ polarity nor polyadenylated tail[4].”
BackgroundLiu, W., Ma, W., Yuan, Y., Zhang, Y., & Sun, S. (2018) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.172 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Song, Y.-Z., & Li, J. (2017) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.050 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
CircAnks1a in the spinal cord regulates hypersensitivity in a rodent model of neuropathic pain
Zhang, S., Lin, S., Liu, M., Liu, C.-C., Ding, H., Sun, Y., Ma, C., Guo, R., Lv, Y., Wu, S.-L., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12049-0 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Zeng, X., Zhong, Y., Lin, W., & Zou, Q. (2019) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbz080 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Yang, Z., Xie, L., Han, L., Qu, X., Yang, Y., Zhang, Y., He, Z., Wang, Y., & Li, J. (2017) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.19016 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
“CircRNAs exhibit tissue- and developmental-specific expression and play crucial roles in multiple cellular processes, such as functioning as miRNA sponges by sequestering miRNA thereby affecting the stability of target mRNAs and dynamically regulating mRNA translation (Figure 1) [24-26].”
BackgroundRETRACTED: Exosome-mediated transfer of circRNA CircNFIX enhances temozolomide resistance in glioma
Ding, C., Yi, X., Wu, X., Bu, X., Wang, D., Wu, Z., Zhang, G., Gu, J., & Kang, D. (2020) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2020.03.002 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
RetractedNUDT21 regulates circRNA cyclization and ceRNA crosstalk in hepatocellular carcinoma
Li, X., Ding, J., Wang, X., Cheng, Z., & Zhu, Q. (2019) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-019-1030-0 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
The emerging role of circRNAs and their clinical significance in human cancers
Qian, L., Yu, S., Chen, Z., Meng, Z., Huang, S., & Wang, P. (2018) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.06.002 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Si, X., Zheng, H., Wei, G., Li, M., Li, W., Wang, H., Guo, H., Sun, J., Li, C., Zhong, S., et al. (2020) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2020.06.024 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
SomamiR 2.0: a database of cancer somatic mutations altering microRNA–ceRNA interactions
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Hsa_circ_0001361 promotes bladder cancer invasion and metastasis through miR-491-5p/MMP9 axis
Liu, F., Zhang, H., Xie, F., Tao, D., Xiao, X., Huang, C., Wang, M., Gu, C., Zhang, X., & Jiang, G. (2019) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-019-1092-z · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Increased expression of circRNA_102231 in lung cancer and its clinical significance
Zong, L., Sun, Q., Zhang, H., Chen, Z., Deng, Y., Li, D., & Zhang, L. (2018) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.084 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Zhang, S., Cheng, J., Quan, C., Wen, H., Feng, Z., Hu, Q., Zhu, J., Huang, Y., & Wu, X. (2019) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2019.12.005 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
“These unique features make circRNA a research hotspot.(9) It is becoming increasingly apparent that dysregulated circRNAs are implicated in carcinogenesis and progression of numerous cancers, acting as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors.”
BackgroundZhou, Y., Zheng, X. W., Xu, B., Chen, L., Wang, Q., Deng, H., & Jiang, J. (2018) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.157 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Using circular RNA SMARCA5 as a potential novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma
Li, Z., Zhou, Y., Yang, G., He, S., Qiu, X., Zhang, L., Deng, Q., & Zheng, F. (2019) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2019.02.001 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Microarray Expression Profile and Functional Analysis of Circular RNAs in Osteosarcoma
Liu, W., Zhang, J., Zou, C., Xie, X., Wang, Y., Wang, B., Zhao, Z., Tu, J., Wang, X., Li, H., et al. (2017) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000481650 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Circ-BPTF promotes bladder cancer progression and recurrence through the miR-31-5p/RAB27A axis
Bi, J., Liu, H., Cai, Z., Dong, W., Jiang, N., Yang, M., Huang, J., & Lin, T. (2018) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.101520 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
“The molecules are cyclized, lacking 5’ caps and 3’ poly (A) tails [6].”
BackgroundZheng, F., Yu, X., Huang, J., & Dai, Y. (2017) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.7638 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“…the function of miRNAs by binding to miRNAs as sponges was reported (7). circRNAs, form as integral and conserved closed continuous loops structures wherein the 3' and 5' ends are interconnected, are a large novel class of non‑coding RNAs that is highly exist in the eukaryotic transcriptome (8,9).”
Zhao, S., Wang, J., Ouyang, S., Huang, Z., & Liao, L. (2018) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000491624 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
- Authors
- Qu, S., Yang, X., Li, X., Wang, J., Gao, Y., Shang, R., Sun, W., Dou, K., & Li, H.
- Affiliations
- Xijing Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Haimin
- Venue
- Cancer Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 365
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 141-148
- ISSN
- 0304-3835 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1866220599
- Cited by
- 1,808
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 142 · 2023: 176 · 2022: 236 · 2021: 328 · 2020: 326 · 2019: 205 · 2018: 154 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 9.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cancer Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81772061)
- Health Public Welfare Industry Special Scientific Research Projects of China (201202007)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Circular RNAs in diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Keywords
- circular RNA, circRNA biogenesis, RNA-binding proteins, microRNA sponge, RNA splicing regulation, transcriptional regulation, circRNA stability, disease biomarkers, colorectal cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, atherosclerosis, neurological disorders, prion disease, long non-coding RNA
- MeSH terms
- RNA, Circular, Exoribonucleases, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Neoplasms, RNA, RNA Splicing, Transcription, Genetic, RNA, Untranslated
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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