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Philosophical temperament

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Cognitive Reflection Predicts Science Understanding.

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Religiosity enhances emotion and deontological choice in moral dilemmas

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The Cognitive-Miser Response Model: Testing for Intuitive and Deliberate Reasoning

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Are ‘counter-intuitive’ deontological judgments really counter-intuitive? An empirical reply to Kahaneet al.(2012)

Paxton, J. M., Bruni, T., & Greene, J. D. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst102 · Cited by 52 · see citing works

Same numbers, different meanings: How numeracy influences the importance of numbers for pro-social behavior

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At the Heart of Morality Lies Neuro-Visceral Integration: Lower Cardiac Vagal Tone Predicts Utilitarian Moral Judgment

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Beyond Affective Influences on Deontological Moral Judgment

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Use of a Rasch model to predict response times to utilitarian moral dilemmas

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Paradoxical Effects of Power on Moral Thinking: Why Power Both Increases and Decreases Deontological and Utilitarian Moral Decisions

Fleischmann, A., Lammers, J., Conway, P. J., & Galinsky, A. D. (2017) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550617744022 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Reflecting on God's will: Reflective processing contributes to religious peoples' deontological dilemma responses

McPhetres, J., Conway, P. J., Hughes, J. S., & Zuckerman, M. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2018.08.013 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Overlooked Evidence and a Misunderstanding of What Trolley Dilemmas Do Best: Commentary on Bostyn, Sevenhant, and Roets (2018)

Plunkett, D., & Greene, J. D. (2019) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797619827914 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Estimating the Reproducibility of Experimental PhilosophyPreprint

Cova, F., Strickland, B., Abatista, A., Allard, A., Andow, J., Attie, M., Beebe, J. R., Berniûnas, R., Boudesseul, J., Colombo, M., et al. (2018) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/sxdah · Cited by 37 · see citing works

The Social Psychology of Morality

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The invariance assumption in process-dissociation models: An evaluation across three domains.

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The grim reasoner: Analytical reasoning under mortality salience

Trémolière, B., Neys, W. D., & Bonnefon, J. (2013) · Thinking & Reasoning · doi:10.1080/13546783.2013.823888 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

In Favor of Clear Thinking: Incorporating Moral Rules Into a Wise Cost-Benefit Analysis—Commentary on Bennis, Medin, & Bartels (2010)

Bazerman, M. H., & Greene, J. D. (2010) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691610362362 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Distrusting Your Moral Compass: The Impact of Distrust Mindsets on Moral Dilemma Processing and Judgments

Conway, P. J., Weiß, A., Burgmer, P., & Mussweiler, T. (2018) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2018.36.3.345 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Measuring Cognitive Reflection without Maths: Development and Validation of the Verbal Cognitive Reflection TestPreprint

Sirota, M., Dewberry, C., Juanchich, M., Kostovičová, L., & Marshall, A. C. (2018) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/pfe79 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

The Intrapersonal Paradox of Deontology

Johnson, C. M. (2019) · Journal of Moral Philosophy · doi:10.1163/17455243-20182527 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

How Deontologists Can Be Moderate (and Why They Should Be)

Johnson, C. M. (2019) · The Journal of Value Inquiry · doi:10.1007/s10790-019-09692-7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Using Ethical Dilemmas to Predict Antisocial Choices with Real Payoff Consequences: An Experimental StudyPreprint

Dickinson, D. L., & David Masclet, B. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3205879 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Estimating the Reproducibility of Experimental Philosophy

Cova, F., Strickland, B., Abatista, A., Allard, A., Andow, J., Attie, M., Beebe, J., Berniûnas, R., Boudesseul, J., Colombo, M., et al. (2018) · Open Science Framework · doi:10.17605/osf.io/sxdah · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The Cognitive Reflection Test: familiarity and predictive power in professionals

Welsh, M. B., & Begg, S. (2017) · Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Reasoning supports utilitarian resolutions to moral dilemmas across diverse measures.

Patil, I., Zucchelli, M. M., Kool, W., Campbell, S., Fornasier, F., Calò, M., Silani, G., Cikara, M., & Cushman, F. (2021) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000281 · Cited by 133 · see citing works

Cognitive reflection, cognitive intelligence, and cognitive abilities: A meta-analysis

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Using the CNI Model to Investigate Individual Differences in Moral Dilemma Judgments

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A framework for understanding reasoning errors: From fake news to climate change and beyond

Pennycook, G. (2022) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/bs.aesp.2022.11.003 · Cited by 88 · see citing works

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Griffin, A. S., Callen, A., Klop‐Toker, K., Scanlon, R. J., & Hayward, M. W. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01139 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Moral Judgment as Categorization (MJAC)

McHugh, C., McGann, M., Igou, E. R., & Kinsella, E. L. (2021) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691621990636 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

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Maranges, H. M., Hasty, C. R., Maner, J. K., & Conway, P. J. (2021) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000368 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

How cognitive and emotional empathy relate to rational thinking: empirical evidence and meta-analysis

Martingano, A. J., & Konrath, S. (2022) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.2021.1985415 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

The amoral atheist? A cross-national examination of cultural, motivational, and cognitive antecedents of disbelief, and their implications for morality

Ståhl, T. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246593 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Your health vs. my liberty: Philosophical beliefs dominated reflection and identifiable victim effects when predicting public health recommendation compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Byrd, N., & Białek, M. (2021) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104649 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

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Yaden, D. B., & Anderson, D. E. (2021) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2021.1915972 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Many heads are more utilitarian than one

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A framework for understanding reasoning errors: From fake news to climate change and beyondPreprint

Pennycook, G. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/j3w7d · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Great Minds do not Think Alike: Philosophers’ Views Predicted by Reflection, Education, Personality, and Other Demographic Differences

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Framing self-sacrifice in the investigation of moral judgment and moral emotions in human and autonomous driving dilemmas

Bruno, G., Spoto, A., Lotto, L., Cellini, N., Cutini, S., & Sarlo, M. (2023) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-023-10024-3 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Reflective reasoning & philosophy

Byrd, N. (2021) · Philosophy Compass · doi:10.1111/phc3.12786 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Bounded reflectivism and epistemic identity

Byrd, N. (2021) · Metaphilosophy · doi:10.1111/meta.12534 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

(How) Do You Regret Killing One to Save Five? Affective and Cognitive Regret Differ After Utilitarian and Deontological Decisions

Goldstein-Greenwood, J., Conway, P. J., Summerville, A. L., & Johnson, B. N. (2020) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167219897662 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Hunger Bias or Gut Instinct? Responses to Judgments of Harm Depending on Visceral State Versus Intuitive Decision-Making

Brown, H., Proulx, M. J., & Fraser, D. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02261 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Deontological and Utilitarian Responses to Sacrificial Dilemmas Predict Disapproval of Sin Stocks

Niszczota, P., Białek, M., & Conway, P. J. (2022) · Social Psychology · doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000474 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Exploring the human factors in moral dilemmas of autonomous vehicles

Shah, M. U., Rehman, U., Iqbal, F., & Ilahi, H. (2022) · Personal and Ubiquitous Computing · doi:10.1007/s00779-022-01685-x · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Moralizing mental states: The role of trait self-control and control perceptions

Weiß, A., Forstmann, M., & Burgmer, P. (2021) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104662 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Effects of Instrumentality and Personal Force on Deontological and Utilitarian Inclinations in Harm-Related Moral Dilemmas

Ludwig, J., Reisenzein, R., & Hiemisch, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01222 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

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Zhang, X., Wu, Z., Li, S., Lai, J., Han, M., Chen, X., Liu, C., & Ding, D. (2020) · Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) · doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000474 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Social context during moral decision-making impacts males more than females

Pilcher, J. J., & Smith, P. D. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1397069 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Analytic atheism and analytic apostasy across cultures

Byrd, N., Stich, S., & Sytsma, J. M. (2025) · Religious Studies · doi:10.1017/s0034412525000198 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Insecure and insensitive: Avoidant and anxious attachment predict less concern for others in sacrificial moral dilemmas

Maranges, H. M., Chen, S. K., & Conway, P. J. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.111274 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Are people really less moral in their foreign language? Proficiency and comprehension matter for the moral foreign language effect in Russian speakers

Kirova, A., Tang, Y., & Conway, P. J. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287789 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

The Development of Cognitive Reflection in China

Gong, T., Young, A. G., & Shtulman, A. (2021) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12966 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

An Alternate Account on the Ethical Implications of Autonomous Vehicles

Shah, M. U., Rehman, U., Iqbal, F., Hussain, M. A., & Wahid, F. (2021) · International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE) · doi:10.1109/ie51775.2021.9486464 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Sex Differences in Cognitive Reflection: A Meta-Analysis

Otero, I., Martínez, A., Cuadrado, D., Lado, M. A., Moscoso, S., & Salgado, J. F. (2024) · Journal of Intelligence · doi:10.3390/jintelligence12040039 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Challenges in Process Dissociation Measures for Moral Cognition

Kunnari, A., Sundvall, J. R. I., & Laakasuo, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.559934 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Kant be Compared: People High in Social Comparison Orientation Make Fewer—Not More—Deontological Decisions in Sacrificial Dilemmas

Fleischmann, A., Lammers, J., Conway, P. J., & Galinsky, A. D. (2020) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550620947294 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Social class and moral judgment: a process dissociation perspective

Tutić, A., Haiser, F., & Krumpal, I. (2024) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2024.1391214 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Moral decay in investment

Niszczota, P., Conway, P. J., & Białek, M. (2024) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104664 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Rational intuitions: How reason underlies deontological moral judgments

Heir, A. S. (2023) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2023.2290172 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Contingencies of self-worth and the strength of deontological and utilitarian inclinations

Macko, A. (2020) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.2020.1860882 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Association of natural sleep with moral utilitarianism: No evidence from 6 preregistered studies

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Ethics Position of Brazilian Workers: An International Comparative View

Kropf, P. D., & Figueiredo, O. (2022) · Latin American Business Review · doi:10.1080/10978526.2022.2053780 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Utilitarianism and the Moral Status of Animals: A Psychological Perspective

Jaquet, F., Gouiran, M. D., & Cova, F. (2022) · Ethical Theory and Moral Practice · doi:10.1007/s10677-022-10322-8 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Thinking About Reasons for One’s Choices Increases Sensitivity to Moral Norms in Moral-Dilemma Judgments

Ng, N. L., Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2023) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672231180760 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Deontological and Utilitarian Responses to Sacrificial Dilemmas Predict Disapproval of Sin StocksPreprint

Niszczota, P., Białek, M., & Conway, P. J. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/m3nhx · Cited by 3 · see citing works

The Dual-Process Model and Moral Dilemmas: Reflection Does Not Drive Self-Sacrifice

Simpson, D. (2022) · Digital Archive @ GSU · doi:10.57709/22738034 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Analytic Atheism & Analytic Apostasy Across CulturesPreprint

Byrd, N., Stich, S., & Sytsma, J. M. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/qrz9g · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Relationship between reasoning, autistic and alexithymic traits in moral judgments

Mantchala, S., Gosling, C. J., Trémolière, B., & Moutier, S. (2024) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2024.112889 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

A Two-Factor Explication of “Reflection”

Byrd, N. (2025) · Res Philosophica · doi:10.5840/resphilosophica2711 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Applying process dissociation to self-sacrificial moral dilemmas: Extending the dual-process model

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Beyond Moral Dilemmas: The Role of Reasoning in Five Categories of Utilitarian JudgmentPreprint

Jaquet, F., & Cova, F. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/eywhg · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Unethical Investments: The Baseline Propensity to Invest and the Susceptibility to Moral DecayPreprint

Niszczota, P., Conway, P. J., & Białek, M. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4488208 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Social Cognition of Moral Judgment

Conway, P. J. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197763414.013.27 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Moral Judgments Are (Most Probably) Robust to Physical Fatigue

Stefańczyk, M., Żurek, G., Macyszyn, A., Sygierycz, K., Jastrzębska, A. D., Ochman, A., Czajka, K., & Białek, M. (2025) · Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) · doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000642 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Adolescents’ and young adults’ practical moral judgments on typical everyday-life moral dilemmas: Gender differences in approach to resolution

Takagi, Y., & Saltzstein, H. D. (2022) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2022.2061939 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Gender vs. personality: The role of masculinity in explaining cognitive style

Plotkina, D., Hoffmann, A. O. I., Roger, P., & D’Hondt, C. (2024) · Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jbef.2024.100995 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Developments in Implicit Measurements

Ziepert, B., de Vries, P. W., Ufkes, E. G., Toet, A., Anne-Marie, B., Barski, J. J., Spink, A., Riedel, G., & Roy, R. N. (2022) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-88974-342-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Perceptions of Human-Animal Relationships and their Impacts on Animal Ethics, Law and Research

Sueur, C., Pelé, M., Matsuzawa, T., & Georges, J. (2021) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-88966-470-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Moral Judgment as Categorization (MJAC)Preprint

McHugh, C., McGann, M., Igou, E. R., & Kinsella, E. L. (2019) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/72dzp · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Why Efficient Leaders Come Across as Jerks: A Moral Dilemma Perspective on Sacrificial Decisions in Organizational SettingsPreprint

Brandt, E., & Conway, P. J. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4607975 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Moral decision making is robust to physical fatigue: a Process Dissociation analysisPreprint

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WITHDRAWNPreprint

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Ambient Intelligence Highlights Familiar Obstacles to Pre-Deployment Testing of Healthcare Innovations

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Revisiting Pfizer’s DTCA of Lipitor Using Dr. Jarvik as a Spokesperson: Analyses under the Teleological and Deontological Theories of Ethics

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Moral Judgments

McHugh, C., & Wylie, J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-17125-3_488-1

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Rehren, P. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4631863

To beckon or not to beckon: Testing a causal-evaluative modelling approach to moral judgment: A registered report

McHugh, C., Francis, K., Everett, J. A. C., & Timmons, S. (2024) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104616

Moral Judgments

McHugh, C., & Wylie, J. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48129-1_488

Intellectually Rigorous but Morally Tolerant: Exploring Moral Leniency as a Mediator Between Cognitive Style and “Utilitarian” Judgment

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WITHDRAWNPreprint

(2025) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/d628j_v2

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Exploring gaze dynamics in moral decision making: Extending the gaze cascade effect

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The contributions of incidental affect, cognitive load and moral decision-making processes to moral-ethical choices in contextually rich dilemmas

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Using the CNI Model to Investigate Individual Differences in Moral Dilemma JudgmentsPreprint

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Utilitarian or Deontological? The Effect of Solving Distant Analogies on Moral Judgments

Sun, L., Li, S., & Li, J. (2026) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.70118

Overinclusion but not social exclusion shifts sacrificial harm acceptance in online ostracism paradigm

Hazrati, M., & Borhani, K. (2026) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-026-00881-7

The killing baby Hitler dilemma: A novel paradigm for studying causal-temporal distance in moral decision-making

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Are ‘counter-intuitive’ deontological judgments really counter-intuitive? An empirical reply to Kahaneet al.(2012)

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Reflecting on God's will: Reflective processing contributes to religious peoples' deontological dilemma responses

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Deontological and utilitarian inclinations in moral decision making: A process dissociation approach

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Applying process dissociation to self-sacrificial moral dilemmas: Extending the dual-process model

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The Process Dissociation of Moral Judgments: Clarifying the Psychology of Deontology and Utilitarianism

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