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Metabolism in T cell activation and differentiation
Open accessAbstract
When naïve or memory T cells encounter foreign antigen along with proper co-stimulation they undergo rapid and extensive clonal expansion. In mammals, this type of proliferation is fairly unique to cells of the adaptive immune system and requires a considerable expenditure of energy and cellular resources. While research has often focused on the roles of cytokines, antigenic signals, and co-stimulation in guiding T cell responses, data indicate that, at a fundamental level, it is cellular metabolism that regulates T cell function and differentiation and therefore influences the final outcome of the adaptive immune response. This review will focus on some earlier fundamental observations regarding T cell bioenergetics and its role in regulating cellular function, as well as recent work that suggests that manipulating the immune response by targeting lymphocyte metabolism could prove useful in treatments against infection and cancer.
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“In accordance with Treg cell expansion during allograft rejection, there was a substantial increase in serum IL-10—a potent immunomodulatory cytokine produced by protective immune cell subsets, including Treg cells, and known to play a key role in inducing and maintaining allograft tolerance45.”
From Targeting the mTOR pathway uncouples the efficacy and toxicity of PD-1 blockade in renal transplantation (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“Regulating energy metabolism may provide a way for T cells to reversibly switch between quiescent and highly proliferative states (12).”
From Fueling Immunity: Insights into Metabolism and Lymphocyte Function (2013) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“upon T cell activation, T cells shift from a relatively metabolically quiescent state (characterized primarily by catabolic metabolism) to a highly metabolic phenotype (characterized primarily by anabolic metabolism and the induction of aerobic glycolysis) [106].”
From Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors as regulators of T cell development, differentiation, and function (2013) · cites this paper as [106]
In the citing paper
“there has been an increasing understanding of the central importance of metabolism in regulating T cell function [5, 106, 107].”
From Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors as regulators of T cell development, differentiation, and function (2013) · cites this paper as [106]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pearce, E. L.
- Affiliations
- Trudeau Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pearce, Erika L
- ORCID
- Pearce, Erika L
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 314-320
- ISSN
- 0952-7915 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4486663
- OpenAlex
- W1970662865
- Cited by
- 314
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 1.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Emerald Foundation
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA181125)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI091965)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Keywords
- T cell metabolism, T cell activation, T cell differentiation, bioenergetics, clonal expansion, costimulation, memory T cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Glucose, Humans, Lymphocyte Activation, T-Lymphocytes, Lipid Metabolism, Mice
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