Adolescent and parent experiences with a primary care/Internet-based depression prevention intervention (CATCH-IT)

May combine two claims.

Parent and adolescent experiences were not remarkably dissimilar: both described considerable life challenges, difficulty changing coping strategies, and appreciation of success and satisfaction in some cases.

“Parental and adolescent experiences were not remarkably dissimilar: both adolescents and parents described considerable challenges posed by life situations, the difficulty of engaging in a process of changing coping strategies, and the appreciation of success and satisfaction in some cases.”

May combine two claims.

Understanding of depression was improved, but parental ability to directly participate was limited.

“Understanding of depression was improved but parental ability to directly participate was limited (Figure 2).”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The subjective elements of an experience can be well encapsulated by the subject's thoughts, concerns, and reactions before and during that experience.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

116 adolescents were evaluated for eligibility: 13 were ineligible, 103 were eligible, 20 eligible did not enroll, and 83 were enrolled (81% enrollment rate).

“We evaluated 116 adolescents for eligibility (13 were ineligible, 103 eligible, and 20 eligible but did not enroll) and enrolled 83 adolescents in the study (81% enrollment rate).”

May combine two claims.

Qualitative analysts noted a sense of tentative confidence and improvement from pre- to post-interview in the same participants, clear in verbal expression, intonation, and physician response.

“In particular, the qualitative analysts, who also listened to the tapes, noted a sense of tentative confidence and improvement from pre- to post-interview in the same participants. This was clear in both actual verbal expression and intonation as well has the physician response.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The subjective elements of an experience can be well encapsulated by the subject's thoughts, concerns, and reactions before and during that experience.

May combine two claims.

All three data sources individually contained the same 9 themes, but each portrayed its textual compilations uniquely, further characterizing experiences into three classes.

“While all three of our data sources – pre-intervention interviews, intervention components, and post-intervention interviews – individually contained the same 9 themes, each data source portrayed its own textual compilations in a unique way, further characterizing the experiences into three classes.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The subjective elements of an experience can be well encapsulated by the subject's thoughts, concerns, and reactions before and during that experience.

May combine two claims.

The themes in this study were less related to treatment engagement issues such as autonomy, help-seeking, and stigma, and more focused on adaptation to challenges in school, relationships, and health and the intervention's effectiveness in ameliorating these.

“The themes reported in our study are less related to issues of treatment engagement (autonomy, help-seeking, stigma) 59,60,58,61,and more focused on adaptation to challenges in school, relationships and health and the intervention’s effectiveness in ameliorating these (also noted in similar unpublished thesis by Bradley).58”

• cites [59] Khan N, Bower P, Rogers A. Guided self-help in primary care mental health: metasynthesis of qualitative studies of patient experience. Br J Psychiatry. 9 2007; 191: 206– 211. 17766759Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

• cites [60] Wisdom JP, Clarke GN, Green CA. What teens want: barriers to seeking care for depression. Adm Policy Ment Health. 3 2006; 33(2): 133– 145. 16489480 PMC3551284Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

• cites [58] Bradley K Adolescent Help-Seeking for Psychological Distress, Depression, and Anxiety using an Internet Program. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Psychology, Dalhousie University 2010.Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

• cites [61] Cooper-Patrick L, Powe NR, Jenckes MW, Gonzales JJ, Levine DM, Ford DE. Identification of patient attitudes and preferences regarding treatment of depression. J Gen Intern Med. 7 1997; 12(7): 431– 438. 9229282 PMC1497133 sourceNot checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The 1677 comments gathered during pre- and post-intervention interviews and from the skill builder section were organized into 9 themes, representing the 9 dominant faces of psycho-emotional cognition experienced by adolescents over the intervention period.

“The comments (N=1677, Table 1) gathered during the pre- and post-intervention interviews, as well as from the skill builder section of the intervention, were organized into 9 themes, representing the 9 dominant faces of psycho-emotional cognition experienced by the adolescents over the course of the intervention period.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The subjective elements of an experience can be well encapsulated by the subject's thoughts, concerns, and reactions before and during that experience.

May combine two claims.

Participation in either motivational interviewing or brief advice, when paired with exposure to the Internet program, was associated with favorable changes in depressed mood and several vulnerability and protective factors, such as weak or strong interpersonal relationships, respectively.

“Similarly, participation in either level (MI versus BA), paired with exposure to the Internet program, was associated with favorable changes in depressed mood and several vulnerability and protective factors, such as weak or strong interpersonal relationships, respectively.48”

• cites [48] Van Voorhees BW, Vanderploegbooth K, Fogel J, Integrative Internet-Based Depression Prevention for Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial in Primary Care for Vulnerability and Protective Factors Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2008(in press). PMC2583915 19018321Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Adolescents expressed an increasingly strong preference to be able to chat online.

“Also, adolescents expressed an increasingly strong preference to be able to chat online.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The study sample was diverse (56% female, 44% male; 38% Caucasian, 23% African American, 5% Hispanic, 6% Asian, 4% other) with a mean age of 17.4 years (SD=2.14).

“This was a diverse study sample study (56% female, 44% male; 38% Caucasian, 23% African American, 5% Hispanic, 6% Asian, and 4% other) with a mean age of 17.4 years (SD=2.14).”

May combine two claims.

Parents reported finding the intervention helpful in learning, benefiting, and changing behavior, rating it in the 'a great deal or nearly so' range (7-8 on a 1-10 scale).

“Parents reported that they'd found the intervention helpful on the learning, benefiting, and changing behavior, rating it in the “a great deal or nearly so” range (7-8 range rating on 1-10 scale, “not at all” to “a great deal).”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Changes in existing attitudes or the development of new ones can highlight specific areas of participants' mental health that the experience of the intervention influenced.

May combine two claims.

The parent experience was typified by recognition of challenges their children faced in completing the intervention, a desire for more direct involvement, and appreciation of considerable benefits to their child.

“As such, the parent experience was typified by recognition of the challenges their children faced in successfully and effectively completing the intervention coupled with a desire for more direct involvement, and by an appreciation of the considerable benefits to their child (Table 2).”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The subjective elements of an experience can be well encapsulated by the subject's thoughts, concerns, and reactions before and during that experience.

May combine two claims.

Themes tended to be consistent across setting and time, and there was a general sense of improvement in psycho-social function across the intervention.

“Several important broad concepts bear mention including the tendency for themes to be consistent across setting and time and the general sense of improvement in psycho-social function across the intervention.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The subjective elements of an experience can be well encapsulated by the subject's thoughts, concerns, and reactions before and during that experience.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Fourteen parents representing 22/45 adolescents under age eighteen (48%) completed the evaluation of the parent program.

“Fourteen parents representing 22/45 adolescents under age eighteen (48%) completed the evaluation of the parent program.”

May combine two claims.

Adolescents and parents showed active engagement with both the primary care and Internet-based components, and themes were consistent across the pre-intervention interview, intervention, and post-intervention interview samplings.

“Comments and ratings by both adolescents and parents suggested an active engagement between participants and both the primary care and Internet-based components with thematic consistence across our three sequential samplings of experience (pre-intervention interview, intervention, post-intervention interview).”

May combine two claims.

In a phase 2 randomized clinical trial, adding motivational interviewing to the Internet-based intervention was more successful than adding brief advice, with success rates of 4.65% versus 22.5% (p=0.023) in a diverse population that was 40% ethnic minorities.

“We found that coupling the Internet-based intervention with MI was more successful than coupling it with BA (4.65% versus 22.5%, p = 0.023) in a diverse population (40% ethnic minorities).44-45”

• cites [44] Mufson L, Weissman MM, Moreau D, Garfinkel R. Efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1999; 56(6): 573– 579. 10359475Not checked yet

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• cites [45] Bell CC, Bhana A, Petersen I, Building protective factors to offset sexually risky behaviors among black youths: a randomized control trial. J Natl Med Assoc. 8 2008; 100(8): 936– 944. 18717144 PMC2536567Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

May combine two claims.

Many parents felt that the presentation of depression as an illness was somewhat negative and that the program lacked an interactive format that would have more fully enabled their participation.

“For example, many parents felt that the presentation of depression as an illness was somewhat negative and that the program lacked an interactive format that would have more fully enabled their participation.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The subjective elements of an experience can be well encapsulated by the subject's thoughts, concerns, and reactions before and during that experience.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

For BA participants, the mean duration of the primary care interview was 1.79 minutes (SD=0.45), with a mean of 98.4 (SD=124.6) minutes on the Internet site and 1915 (SD=2328) characters typed.

“the mean duration of the primary care interview was 1.79 minutes (SD=0.45) with a mean of 98.4 (SD=124.6) minutes on the Internet site with 1915 (SD=2328) characters typed.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

For MI participants, the mean duration of the motivational interview was 5.96 minutes (SD=1.9), and they spent a mean of 143.7 minutes (SD=109) on the Internet site, with 3535 (SD=2085) characters typed.

“the mean duration of the motivational interview was 5.96 minutes (SD=1.9), and they spent a mean of 143.7 minutes (SD=109) on the Internet site, with 3535 (SD=2085) characters typed into the exercises.”

May combine two claims.

Youth appreciated the control they experienced during the program but found the reading and skill builder assignments lengthy and tedious to complete, despite extensive revisions to reduce such burdens after piloting.

“While youth appreciated the control they experienced during the program, they found the reading and skill builder assignments lengthy and tedious to complete, despite extensive revisions to reduce such burdens after the intervention was piloted.52”

• cites [52] Van Voorhees BW, Ellis JM, Gollan JK, Development and Process Evaluation of a Primary Care Internet-Based Intervention to Prevent Depression in Emerging Adults. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2007; 9(5): 346– 355. 17998953 PMC2040278Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Youth expressed increasing preferences for interaction with peers.

“Not surprisingly, youth expressed increasing preferences for interaction with peers, which is consistent with the popularity of social media-styled mental health-focused Internet sites.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Common elements between this study and other focus group studies include references to depression itself, but this was reflected in only a few comments.

“Common elements between this study and other focus group studies include references to depression itself, but this was only reflected in a few comments.”

May combine two claims.

Parental themes encompass normal development, parent-child relations, and process of change, all consistent with the goals of the original intervention.

“Similarly to adolescent themes, parental themes seem to encompass normal development, parent-child relations, and process of change, all of which were consistent with the goals of the original intervention.49”

• cites [49] Landback J, Prochaska M, Ellis J, From prototype to product: development of a primary care/internet based depression prevention intervention for adolescents (CATCH-IT). Community Ment Health J. 10 2009; 45(5): 349– 354. 19641992Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

May combine two claims.

The parental experience in this study did not focus on disability or care needs, and parents evinced a desire for increased participation.

“The fact that our study’s parental experience did not focus on disability or care needs and the fact that they evinced a desire for increased participation is perhaps reflected in the low (below 50%) postintervention survey response.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Only the 40 participants who received interviews from their primary care physician were recorded, by mutual consent, to ensure fidelity to the motivational interview protocol.

“Only the N=40 were recorded by mutual consent, originally to ensure fidelity to the motivational interview protocol described earlier.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The beliefs and attitudes towards treatment behaviors and subjective social norm items were developed using a focus group methodology and adapted post hoc to the Theory of Planned Behavior Model.

“The beliefs and attitudes towards treatment behaviors (“beliefs and attitudes”) and subjective social norm (“social norms”) items were developed using a focus group methodology and were adapted post hoc to the Theory of Planned Behavior Model.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

To minimize bias, the team had no prior exposure to CATCH-IT and worked independently of the intervention developer; raters maintained diaries; and the taxonomy was read back to some physician interviewers (N=3).

“To minimize bias, we employed several methods. First, we developed a team that had no prior exposure to the CATCH-IT program and worked independently of the intervention developer. Second, in order to reduce potential bias from preconceived notions, the two raters both maintained diaries during the study to recognize bias and optimize objectivity. Furthermore, to further evaluate possibility of bi”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Prior qualitative work on depression treatment identified themes including personal experience with depression, help-seeking in primary care, control, autonomy, privacy, helplessness, preferences for autonomy and connectedness, spirituality, social support, coping, life experiences, stigma, and psychological receptivity.

“Qualitative work on depression treatment has identified a range of themes, which include personal experience with depression, help-seeking in primary care, control, autonomy, privacy and helplessness in engaging interventions, preferences for autonomy and enhancement of connectedness by adolescents, and spirituality, social support, coping, life experiences, stigma, and psychological receptivity.”

• cites [59] Khan N, Bower P, Rogers A. Guided self-help in primary care mental health: metasynthesis of qualitative studies of patient experience. Br J Psychiatry. 9 2007; 191: 206– 211. 17766759Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

• cites [60] Wisdom JP, Clarke GN, Green CA. What teens want: barriers to seeking care for depression. Adm Policy Ment Health. 3 2006; 33(2): 133– 145. 16489480 PMC3551284Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

• cites [58] Bradley K Adolescent Help-Seeking for Psychological Distress, Depression, and Anxiety using an Internet Program. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Psychology, Dalhousie University 2010.Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

• cites [61] Cooper-Patrick L, Powe NR, Jenckes MW, Gonzales JJ, Levine DM, Ford DE. Identification of patient attitudes and preferences regarding treatment of depression. J Gen Intern Med. 7 1997; 12(7): 431– 438. 9229282 PMC1497133 sourceNot checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Of the 83 individuals, nearly half (N=40) elected to have their interviews audio-taped for later analysis, and 86% (N=72/84) completed at least part of the post-study questionnaire.

“Of these 83 individuals, nearly half (N=40) elected to have their interviews audio-taping for later analysis and 86% (N=72/84) completed at least part of the post-study questionnaire.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Adolescents' perceived helpfulness was measured using the Ratings of Perceived Helpfulness in Behavior Change, which was adapted from an Internet intervention for eating disorders and previously described.

“We report data on adolescents’ perceived helpfulness based on the Ratings of Perceived Helpfulness in Behavior Change, adapted from an Internet intervention for eating disorders and has been previously described.25,50”

• cites [25] Zabinski MF, Wilfley DE, Pung MA, Winzelberg AJ, Eldredge K, Taylor CB. An interactive internet-based intervention for women at risk of eating disorders: a pilot study. Int J Eat Disord. 2001; 30(2): 129– 137. 11449446 sourceNot checked yet

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• cites [50] Van Voorhees BWE Justin; Gollan Jackie K.; Bell Carl C.; Stuart Scott S.; Fogel Joshua; Corrigan Patrick; Ford Daniel E.. Development and Process Evaluation of a Primary Care Internet-Based Intervention to Prevent Depression in Young Adults. Primary Care Companion Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2007; 9(5): 346– 355. PMC2040278 17998953Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

May combine two claims.

Little is known about the fundamental experience of participating in an Internet-based intervention and about the dimensions through which this experience engages a participant's mental health.

“However, little is known about the fundamental experience of participating in an Internet-based intervention, and even less is known about the dimensions through which this experience engages a participant’s mental health.”

• cites [17] Crutzen R, de Nooijer J, Brouwer W, Oenema A, Brug J, de Vries NK. A conceptual framework for understanding and improving adolescents' exposure to Internet-delivered interventions. Health Promot Int. 9 2009; 24(3): 277– 284. 19515716Not checked yet

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• cites [18] De Los Reyes A, Kazdin AE. Conceptualizing changes in behavior in intervention research: the range of possible changes model. Psychol Rev. 7 2006; 113(3): 554– 583. 16802881 PMC3020401Not checked yet

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• cites [19] Ritterband LM, Thorndike FP, Cox DJ, Kovatchev BP, Gonder-Frederick LA. A behavior change model for internet interventions. Ann Behav Med. 8 2009; 38(1): 18– 27. 19802647 PMC2878721 sourceNot checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Grounded theory methodology was used: materials were independently reviewed, themes were discussed until consensus and thematic saturation, two team members classified comments using Atlas, and differences were reconciled to 85% concordance.

“We used grounded theory methodology, whereby materials were first independently reviewed by all members of the team. Second, potential themes were discussed and debated until consensus was reached about the most prominent themes of the comments and team members believed thematic saturation had been achieved.”

• Also stated in: § Qualitative Data Analysis: · plain

  “Third, two of the team members used the Atlas program to classify all the comments into the agreed-upon themes. Finally, these two team members reconciled any differences in the classification of comments until they reached 85% concordance in classification within the final taxonomy.55,56”

• cites [55] Mills J, Bonner A, Francis K. The Development of Constructivist Grounded Theory International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2006; 5(1): 10. sourceNot checked yet

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• cites [56] Walker D, Myrick F. Grounded Theory: An Exploration of Process and Procedure. Qualitative Health Research. 2006; 16(4): 547– 559. 16513996 sourceNot checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

May combine two claims.

The moderate helpfulness ratings were consistent with both the challenge of completing the program and the benefits many participants perceived.

“The adolescent and parent participants’ reported moderate levels of helpfulness, which were consistent with both the evident challenge of completing the program and the benefits many of them perceived from this intervention.”

May combine two claims.

There were no significant differences between the 40 interview participants or the 10 intervention-text participants and the larger 83-person study group.

“There were no significant differences in either the 40 interview participants or the 10 intervention-text participants from the larger 83-person study group.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Descriptions of adolescents' experiences with Internet-based mental health interventions are just now being developed, and thematic categorization is emerging as a comprehensive analytic tool.

“Descriptions of adolescents’ experiences with, in, and of Internet-based mental health interventions are just now being developed, with thematic categorization emerging as a comprehensive analytic tool.58”

• cites [58] Bradley K Adolescent Help-Seeking for Psychological Distress, Depression, and Anxiety using an Internet Program. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Psychology, Dalhousie University 2010.Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The study was approved by the University of Chicago IRB.

“This study was approved by the University of Chicago IRB.”

May combine two claims.

The intervention may have been successful in reducing negative attitudes about mental health treatments and focusing adolescents on risk factor modification.

“In short, the intervention may have been successful in reducing the elicitation of negative attitudes about mental health treatments and in focusing the adolescents on risk factor modification.49,51”

• cites [49] Landback J, Prochaska M, Ellis J, From prototype to product: development of a primary care/internet based depression prevention intervention for adolescents (CATCH-IT). Community Ment Health J. 10 2009; 45(5): 349– 354. 19641992Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

• cites [51] Van Voorhees BW, Watson N, Bridges J. Development and pilot study of a marketing strategy for primary care/internet based depression prevention intervention for adolescents (CATCH-IT) Journal of Clinical Psychiatry Primary Care Companion. in press. PMC2947535 20944776Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The changes in attitude may reflect that participants who completed the questionnaire were more likely to commit to the intervention and thus benefited most.

“The changes in attitude may also be reflecting that participants who completed the questionnaire were more likely to commit to the intervention, thus benefiting from it the most.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The intervention investigators played no role in the development of the qualitative analysis.

“To that end, the intervention investigators played no role in the development of the qualitative analysis.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Similar changes in attitudes have been reported for adults in Internet-based interventions.

“Similar changes have been reported for adults in Internet-based interventions.74”

• cites [74] Griffiths KM, Christensen H, Jorm AF, Evans K, Groves C. Effect of web-based depression literacy and cognitive-behavioural therapy interventions on stigmatising attitudes to depression: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 10 2004; 185: 342– 349. 15458995 sourceNot checked yet

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Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Comments from 40 participants for interviews and 10 from the Internet site may be sufficient to identify most themes.

“The availability of comments from 40 participants for interviews and 10 from the Internet site, while not large, may be sufficient to identify most themes.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

The adolescent experience in an Internet-based intervention is defined less by the nature of depression itself and more by the parameters modulating it.

“This we recognize as the adolescent experience in an Internet-based intervention being defined less by the nature of depression itself, and more by the parameters modulating it.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Clinical benefits of social media-styled mental health-focused Internet sites have yet to be reported.

“However, the clinical benefits of such sites have yet to be reported.70”

• cites [70] Siemer CP, Fogel J, Van Voorhees B. Telemental Health and Web-based Applications in Children and Adolescents Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North American in press. PMC3010757 21092918Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Grounded theory was chosen to minimize investigator bias.

“Still, we chose to use grounded theory to minimize the bias of the investigators who actually designed the intervention.”

May combine two claims.

Possible sources of error in the qualitative assessment include lack of open-ended queries and limited number of parents contacted and interviewed.

“Possible sources of error in our qualitative assessment of the adolescent and parent experience include lack of open-ended queries and limited number of parents contacted and interviewed.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

A support group model may offer some benefit in depression but can expose group members to negative thoughts or moods of others.

“which may offer some benefit in depression but which also can expose group members to negative thoughts/moods of others.78,79”

• cites [78] Griffiths KM, Calear AL, Banfield M. Systematic review on Internet Support Groups (ISGs) and depression (1): Do ISGs reduce depressive symptoms? J Med Internet Res. 2009; 11(3): e40. 19793719 PMC2802256 sourceNot checked yet

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• cites [79] Griffiths KM, Calear AL, Banfield M, Tam A. Systematic review on Internet Support Groups (ISGs) and depression (2): What is known about depression ISGs? J Med Internet Res. 2009; 11(3): e41. 19793718 PMC2802257Not checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Meeting rising expectations for personalization and interaction may be challenging because it comes at considerable added financial expense and potential risk from peer-to-peer interaction.

“A similar challenge may be meeting rising expectations for personalization and interaction, which, while offering the promise of greater engagement, comes at considerable added financial expense (creating personalization algorithms and monitoring of interaction) and potential risk (peer-to-peer interaction).”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

The approach of seeking to recruit successive visitors at primary care practices, while not a probability sample, is superior to a pure convenience sample which tends to over-represent highly motivated or favorably disposed persons.

“In terms of external validity, the approach of seeking to recruit successive visitors at primary care practices, while not a probability sample, is superior to a pure convenience sample which tends to over-represent highly motivated/favorably disposed persons.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Completion rates vary tremendously across interventions, with reasons for dropping out including lack of helpfulness, poor motivation, anxiety, and length of program.

“Kaltenthaler and colleagues have reported that completion rates vary tremendously across interventions with reasons for dropping out including lack of helpfulness, poor motivation, anxiety, and the length of program.67”

• cites [67] Kaltenthaler E, Sutcliffe P, Parry G, Beverley C, Rees A, Ferriter M. The acceptability to patients of computerized cognitive behaviour therapy for depression: a systematic review. Psychol Med. 11 2008; 38(11): 1521– 1530. 18205964 sourceNot checked yet

  Not checked in the free run.

May combine two claims.

Parents' favorable ratings are consistent with parental endorsement of both primary care physician mental health advice and value of self-help approaches.

“The parents’ generally favorable ratings of the intervention are consistent with parental endorsement of both primary care physician mental health advice and value of self-help approaches.67,76,77”

• cites [67] Kaltenthaler E, Sutcliffe P, Parry G, Beverley C, Rees A, Ferriter M. The acceptability to patients of computerized cognitive behaviour therapy for depression: a systematic review. Psychol Med. 11 2008; 38(11): 1521– 1530. 18205964 sourceNot checked yet

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• cites [76] Jorm AF, Morgan AJ, Wright A. A comparison of clinician, youth, and parent beliefs about helpfulness of interventions for early psychosis. Psychiatr Serv. 10 2008; 59(10): 1115– 1120. 18832496Not checked yet

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• cites [77] Pescosolido BA, Jensen PS, Martin JK, Perry BL, Olafsdottir S, Fettes D. Public knowledge and assessment of child mental health problems: findings from the National Stigma Study-Children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 3 2008; 47(3): 339– 349. 18216729 sourceNot checked yet

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