Interleukin-33 in tissue homeostasis, injury, and inflammation
Open accessAbstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a nuclear-associated cytokine of the IL-1 family originally described as a potent inducer of allergic type 2 immunity. IL-33 signals via the receptor ST2, which is highly expressed on group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and T helper 2 (Th2) cells, thus underpinning its association with helminth infection and allergic pathology. Recent studies have revealed ST2 expression on subsets of regulatory T cells, and for a role for IL-33 in tissue homeostasis and repair that suggests previously unrecognized interactions within these cellular networks. IL-33 can participate in pathologic fibrotic reactions, or, in the setting of microbial invasion, can cooperate with inflammatory cytokines to promote responses by cytotoxic NK cells, Th1 cells, and CD8(+) T cells. Here, we highlight the regulation and function of IL-33 and ST2 and review their roles in homeostasis, damage, and inflammation, suggesting a conceptual framework for future studies.
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The aging-related Oligo-3 cluster exhibited substantial upregulation of C4b and interleukin 33 (Il33).
“The aging-related cluster Oligo-3 exhibited substantial upregulation of C4b (Figure 2C), a complement protein of the innate immunity system, and interleukin 33 (Il33) (Figure 2C), a cytokine involved in inflammatory and innate immune response,39 consistent with previous results.17”
From Molecular and spatial signatures of mouse brain aging at single-cell resolution (2023) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- Molofsky, A. B., Savage, A. K., & Locksley, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Locksley, Richard M.
- Venue
- Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1005-1019
- ISSN
- 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4471869
- OpenAlex
- W1490258901
- Cited by
- 638
- References
- 209
- Citations by year
- 2026: 48 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 86 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL107202, P01HL107202, R01HL128903)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI030663, AI026918, R37AI026918, R01AI026918, AI030663)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K08DK101604)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Mast cells and histamine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Keywords
- IL-33, ST2, tissue homeostasis, tissue repair, inflammation, Th2 immune response, allergic inflammation, helminthiasis, ILC2, Th2 cells, regulatory T cells, fibrosis, natural killer cells, Th1 cells, CD8+ T cells, cytokine regulation
- MeSH terms
- Interleukin-33, Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein, Animals, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Homeostasis, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Interleukins, Receptors, Cell Surface, Wounds and Injuries, Signal Transduction, Th2 Cells, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
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